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Forty-Six Years in the Army

by John McAllister Schofield

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  1. 1Dedication
  2. 2Preface
  3. 3Forty-Six Years in the Army
  4. 4Appointment to West Point
  5. 5Character of the West Point Training
  6. 6A Trip to New York on a Wager
  7. 7The West Point Bible-Class
  8. 8Dismissed From the Academy Without Trial
  9. 9Robert E. Lee
  10. 10Brevet Second Lieutenant
  11. 11Journey to Fort Capron, Florida
  12. 12An “Affair of Honor”
  13. 13An Extemporzied “Map and Itinerary”
  14. 14Yellow Fever
  15. 15In the Department of Philosophy at West Point
  16. 16Interest in Astronomy
  17. 17Professor of Physics in Washington University
  18. 18Return to Duty
  19. 19Major of the First Missouri
  20. 20Adjutant-General on Lyon’s Staff
  21. 21Lyon’s Reply
  22. 22Battle of Wilson’s Creek
  23. 23Death of Lyon
  24. 24A Question of Command During the Retreat
  25. 25Affair at Fredericktown
  26. 26Affair at Fredericktown
  27. 27A Special State Militia
  28. 28Brigadier-General of the Missouri Militia
  29. 29A Hostile Committee Sent to Washington
  30. 30In Command of the “Army of the Frontier”
  31. 31Battle of Prairie Grove
  32. 32Compelled to Be Inactive
  33. 33A Hibernian “Striker”
  34. 34In Command of the Department of the Missouri
  35. 35Troops Sent to General Grant
  36. 36Conditions of Governor Gamble’s Continuing
  37. 37Anti-Slavery Views
  38. 38Lincoln on Emancipation in Missouri
  39. 39Trouble Following the Lawrence Massacre
  40. 40Visit to Kansas, and the Party Quarrel There
  41. 41Mutiny in the State Militia
  42. 42A Revolutionary Plot
  43. 43A Memorandum for Mr. Lincoln
  44. 44The President’s Instructions
  45. 45The President’s Reply to the Radical Delegation
  46. 46The President’s Reply to the Radical Delegation
  47. 47The Matter of Colored Enlistments
  48. 48A Letter on the Condition of Missouri
  49. 49A Letter on the Condition of Missouri
  50. 50Former Confederates in Union Militia Regiments
  51. 51Summoned to Washington by Mr. Lincoln
  52. 52Offered the Command of the Army of the Ohio
  53. 53Anecdote of General Grant
  54. 54Condition of the Troops at Knoxville
  55. 55Effect of the Promotion of Grant and Sherman
  56. 56Letter to Senator Henderson
  57. 57Comments on Sherman’s “Memoirs”
  58. 58Faulty Organization of Sherman’s Army
  59. 59McPherson’s Task at Resaca
  60. 60Example of the Working of a Faulty System
  61. 61Sherman’s Displeasure With Hooker
  62. 62Hooker’s Despatch Evidently Misinterpreted
  63. 63Conversation Over the Question of Relative Rank
  64. 64Visit to the Camp of Frank P. Blair, Jr.
  65. 65Anecdote of Sherman and Hooker Under Fire
  66. 66The Assault on Kenesaw
  67. 67Tendency of Veteran Troops
  68. 68Sherman’s Error in a Question of Relative Rank
  69. 69Sherman’s Error in a Question of Relative Rank
  70. 70Johnston’s Untried Plan of Resistance
  71. 71Anecdotes of the Men in the Ranks
  72. 72The Failure at Jonesboro’
  73. 73The Capture of Atlanta
  74. 74Absent From the Army
  75. 75Hood’s Operations in Sherman’s Rear
  76. 76Sent Back to Thomas’s Aid
  77. 77Faulty Instructions to Oppose Hood at Pulaski
  78. 78Reason of the Delay in Exchanging Messages
  79. 79Importance of Gaining Time for Thomas
  80. 80The Affair at Spring Hill
  81. 81Incidents of the Night Retreat
  82. 82The Necessity of Standing Ground at Franklin
  83. 83Hood’s Formidable Attack
  84. 84Serious Error of Two Brigades
  85. 85Yellow Fever Averted
  86. 86Hood’s Assaults Repulsed
  87. 87The Advantage of Continuing the Retreat
  88. 88The Correspondence With General Thomas
  89. 89The Untenable Position at Pulaski
  90. 90Available Troops Not Sent to the Front
  91. 91Available Troops Not Sent to the Front
  92. 92Correspondence With General Thomas
  93. 93Correspondence With General Thomas
  94. 94Correspondence With General Thomas
  95. 95Delaying the Retreat From Duck River
  96. 96Delaying the Retreat From Duck River
  97. 97Delaying the Retreat From Duck River
  98. 98Delaying the Retreat From Duck River
  99. 99Delaying the Retreat From Duck River
  100. 100No Serious Danger at Spring Hill
  101. 101No Serious Danger at Spring Hill
  102. 102No Serious Danger at Spring Hill
  103. 103Hoping to Delay Hood for Three Days at Franklin
  104. 104Hoping to Delay Hood for Three Days at Franklin
  105. 105Hoping to Delay Hood for Three Days at Franklin
  106. 106After the Battle of Franklin
  107. 107Hood’s Mistake After Crossing Duck River
  108. 108Hood’s Mistake After Crossing Duck River
  109. 109Method of Transmitting Messages in Cipher
  110. 110The Aggressive Policy of the South
  111. 111Thomas to Attack Hood or Relinquish the Command
  112. 112Grant’s Intention in Sending Logan
  113. 113Grant’s Intentions in Sending Logan
  114. 114Change of Plan Before the Battle of Nashville
  115. 115Expectation That Hood Would Retreat
  116. 116Delay in Renewing the Attack on the 16th
  117. 117Delay in Renewing the Attack on the 16th
  118. 118Hopelessness of Hood’s Position
  119. 119Letter to Grant
  120. 120Letter to Sherman
  121. 121Thomas’s Attitude Toward the War
  122. 122Hood’s Motive at Nashville
  123. 123Hood’s Motive at Nashville
  124. 124No Orders for the Battle of December 16
  125. 125No Orders for the Battle of December 16
  126. 126No Orders for the Battle of December 16
  127. 127Statements in the Reports of Corps Commanders
  128. 128Explanation of the Absence of Orders
  129. 129The Phraseology of General Thomas’s Report
  130. 130The Phraseology of General Thomas’s Report
  131. 131General Thomas’s Indorsement
  132. 132Peculiarities of the Official Records
  133. 133Documents Which Disappeared From the Records
  134. 134Inconsistencies in General Thomas’s Report
  135. 135Inconsistencies in General Thomas’s Report
  136. 136Inconsistencies in General Thomas’s Report
  137. 137False Representations Made to General Thomas
  138. 138Their Falsity Confirmed by General Grant
  139. 139Their Falsity Condemned by General Grant
  140. 140Sherman’s “March to the Sea”
  141. 141The Military Theory on Which It Was Based
  142. 142The Military Theory on Which It Was Based
  143. 143The Military Theory on Which It Was Based
  144. 144Did It Involve War or Statesmanship?
  145. 145Did It Involve War or Statesmanship?
  146. 146Correspondence Between Grant and Sherman
  147. 147Correspondence Between Sherman and Thomas
  148. 148Correspondence Between Grant and Sherman
  149. 149Correspondence Between Grant and Sherman
  150. 150Rawlins’s Reported Opposition to the March
  151. 151Grant’s Final Judgment on It
  152. 152Grant’s Final Judgment of It
  153. 153Sherman’s Purpose in Marching to the Sea
  154. 154Sherman’s Purpose in Marching to the Sea
  155. 155Sherman’s Purpose in Marching to the Sea
  156. 156Sherman’s Purpose in Marching to the Sea
  157. 157The Fame of Sherman’s Grand Marches
  158. 158Sherman’s Great Ability as a Strategist
  159. 159Sherman’s Great Ability as a Strategist
  160. 160Sherman’s Plan of Marching to the Rear of Lee
  161. 161The Surrender of J. E. Johnston’s Army
  162. 162Authorship of the Approved Terms of Surrender
  163. 163Authorship of the Approved Terms of Surrender
  164. 164Political Reconstruction
  165. 165Sherman’s Genius
  166. 166Halleck’s Characteristics
  167. 167Halleck’s Attempt to Supplant Grant
  168. 168Personal Feeling in Battle
  169. 169The Reorganization of Civil Government
  170. 170A Provisional Governor for North Carolina
  171. 171French Intervention in Mexico
  172. 172Grant’s Letter of Instructions to Sheridan
  173. 173Secretary Seward Advocates Moral Suasion
  174. 174A Mission to Paris
  175. 175Speechmaking at the American Thanksgiving Dinner
  176. 176Napoleon’s Method of Retreating With Dignity
  177. 177Napoleon’s Method of Retreating With Dignity
  178. 178A Presentation to the Emperor and Empress
  179. 179Reconstruction in Virginia
  180. 180Reconstruction in Virginia
  181. 181No Resort to Trial by Military Commission
  182. 182The Obnoxious Constitution
  183. 183How Its Worst Feature Was Nullified
  184. 184Appointed Secretary of War
  185. 185The Commanding General and the War Department
  186. 186General Grant’s Special Powers
  187. 187General Grant’s Special Powers
  188. 188Grant as Secretary of War AD Interim
  189. 189Interviews With Evarts and Grant
  190. 190Interviews With Evarts and Grant
  191. 191Failure of the Impeachment Trial
  192. 192Harmony in the War Department
  193. 193A New Policy at Army Headquarters
  194. 194Assignment to the Department of the Missouri
  195. 195Origin of the Military School at Fort Riley
  196. 196Funeral of General George H. Thomas
  197. 197Assigned to the Division of the Pacific
  198. 198A Visit to Hawaii
  199. 199Trouble With the Modoc Indians
  200. 200The Canby Massacre
  201. 201Superintendent at West Point
  202. 202Ulterior Reasons for the Appointment
  203. 203Case of the Colored Cadet Whittaker
  204. 204General Terry’s Friendly Attitude
  205. 205A Muddle of New Commands
  206. 206Waiting Orders, and a Visit to Europe
  207. 207Again in Command in the West
  208. 208The Establishment of Fort Sheridan at Chicago
  209. 209Assigned to the Division of the Atlantic
  210. 210Measures for Improving the Sea-Coast Defense
  211. 211Fitz-John Porter’s Restoration to the Army
  212. 212General Grant’s Opinion
  213. 213Senator Logan’s Explanation
  214. 214Deplorable Condition of the War Department
  215. 215A Better Understanding
  216. 216General Sheridan’s Humiliating Experience
  217. 217The Granting of Medals
  218. 218The Secretary’s Call-Bell
  219. 219The Relations of Secretary and General
  220. 220The Law Fixing Retirement for Age
  221. 221An Anecdote of General Grant
  222. 222Board of Ordnance and Fortification
  223. 223Usefulness of the Board
  224. 224Troubles With the Sioux Indians in 1890-91
  225. 225Military Control of the Pacific Railways
  226. 226United States Troops in the City of Chicago
  227. 227United States Troops in the City of Chicago
  228. 228Orders Sent to General Miles, and His Reports
  229. 229Orders Sent to General Miles, and His Reports
  230. 230The Proclamation of the President
  231. 231Instructions in Dealing With a Mob
  232. 232The Duties of the Military Misunderstood
  233. 233The Duties of the Military Misunderstood
  234. 234Orders of the President
  235. 235Weakness of the Military Policy
  236. 236A Poor Use of the Educated Soldiers of the Army
  237. 237General Military Education Indispensable
  238. 238General Military Education Indispensable
  239. 239Organization of the National Guard
  240. 240General Grant Without Military Books
  241. 241Measures Necessary to the National Defense
  242. 242The Financial Lesson of the Civil War
  243. 243A Vicious Clause in the Constitution
  244. 244Officers Not Educated at West Point
  245. 245The President and the Commander of the Army
  246. 246The President and the Commander of the Army
  247. 247Chapter XXXI — General Sherman’s Friendship…
  248. 248General Grant’s Recognition of Services
  249. 249Grant’s Confidence in Himself
  250. 250Conclusion

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