Lesson VI Formation of Negative Sentences
Tidak, no.
Tiada, is not (are, was, were, do, did not, &c.).
Bukan, no, not.
Jangan, don’t, let not.
Antah, I know not; who knows? there is no saying.
Jangan-kan, not only, not, so far from.
Bukan is a more emphatic denial than tidak. It is also used, either alone or with the affix -kah, to signify is it not? is it not so?
Tiada is generally abbreviated colloquially to t’ada and t’a’ (in Java trada and tra).
Antah is an expression of doubt.
Examples
Yes or no?— Ya atau tidak.
That which is he causes not to be; that which is not he causes to be— Yang ada dia tidak-kan, yang tidak dia ada-kan.
It is nothing = never mind— Tidak apa.
He got no small quantity of fish— Dia men-dapat ikan bukan sadikit.
Her beauty was of no ordinary kind— Molek-nia bukan alang-kapalang.
Is this his house or not?— Ini-kah rumah dia atau bukan?
Indescribable, wonderful— Bukan buat-an lagi (lit. it was no longer doing).
You said just now that you went home first, did you not?— Kata kamu tadi sudah pulang ka rumah dahulu, bukan-kah?
He is not my child— Bukan-lah iya anak hamba.
He will not come— Dia ta’ mahu datang.
I asked him a great many times, but he would not— Sahaya minta bĕrapa kali tiada dia mahu.
There are no fish in the market— T’ada ikan di pasar.
I do not know where he has gone— Antah ka-mana pergi-nia.
There is no saying how many of them died— Antah ber-apa baniak-nia yang mati.
It cannot be otherwise— Ta’ dapat tiada.
He cannot enter— Dia ta’bulih masok.
Do not go— Jangan pergi.
Do not believe what people say— Jangan perchaya akan perkata-an orang.
Shall I enter the house or not?— Masok-kah aku dalam rumah atau jangan-kah?
So far from obtaining it, we did not even see it— Jangan-kan dapat, me-lihat-pun tidak.
Not to speak of you, of me, even, they are afraid— Jangan-kan tuan, hamba-tuan pun dia orang takut.
Exercise
He said no. That conduct is not proper. He cannot write. The children are not in the house. So far from getting a pony-carriage, we cannot even get a bullock-cart. Not to speak of the night, by day even people are afraid to go there. There is no saying how it happened. Do not go near. Shall I give the fruit to the woman or not? There are not many horses here. Do you not know that? The Chinaman will not say yes or no. Do not be afraid. If the seed is good it cannot but be that the fruit is good also. The wind was of no ordinary force (kuat).
New Words in This Lesson to Be Learned by Heart
Beautiful, beauty, molek; dead, to die, mati; to believe, perchaya; saying, speech, per-kata-an (from kata, to say); to fear, takut; to write, tulis; night, malam; daylight, siyang; seed, biji; doing, making, fabrication, manufacture, buat-an (from buat, to do, to make); to go away, go home, pulang.