Lesson II On the Second Person
The use of the word angkau and similar pronouns is to be avoided as much as possible. When the pronoun of the second person cannot be understood but must be expressed, angkau, or the local or provincial word used in substitution for it (according to the part of the Archipelago in which the speaker finds himself), may be employed. In addressing natives of rank or of superior position, the appropriate forms should be used. The word lu should never be used to a Malay; it is, however, in common use among those Chinese who use Malay as a medium of communication with other nationalities. On the subject of the second person see supra, p. 49.
Substantives animal, bĕnatang.
father (common form), bapa.
father (polite form), ayah, ayahnda.
mother (common form), mak, ibu.
mother (polite form), bonda.
elder brother, abang.
elder sister, kakak.
younger brother or sister, adek.
boy or girl, budak.
brother or sister, sudara.
husband, laki.
wife, bini.
forest, hutan.
tree, pokok.
plain, padang.
shop, kĕdei.
fruit, buah.
sky, langit.
ground, tanah.
dollar, ringgit.
road, jalan.
age, ‘umur.
Adjectives long, panjang.
short, pendek, pandah.
sweet, manis.
wet, basah.
dry, kĕring.
many, baniak.
rich, kaya.
poor, miskin.
strong, kuat.
hard, kĕras.
soft, lumbut.
few, sadikit.
Verbs to say, kata.
to go, pergi.
to run, lari.
to talk, chakap.
to tell, bilang.
to arrive, sampei.
to sit, duduk.
to dwell, tinggal.
to send, kirim.
to bring, bawa.
Examples
To a Raja
Your house is very large— Rumah tunku baniak besar.
Your father is very old— Ayahnda tunku tuah sangat.
This is your horse— Ini tunku punya kuda.
To a Respectable Chinese
There is a quantity of cloth in your shop— Ada baniak kain-kain didalam baba punya kĕdei.
When did you arrive?— Towkay bila sampei?
Your elder brother is very rich— Towkay punya abang baniak kaya.
Your carriage and mine are alike— Kreta baba dengan kreta sahaya ada sama.
To a Malay Headman
There are a number of people in your house— Ada baniak orang di-dalam rumah datoh.
Your son is very strong— Anak datoh, baniak kuat.
Where do you live?— Datoh di-mana tinggal?
To a Malay of Superior Rank
What do you say to it?— Apa kata inche?
Who told it to you?— Siapa bilang kapada inche?
Your elder sister has a great many fruit-trees— Inche punya kakak ada baniak pokok buah.
To a Sayyid or Haji
Where are you going to?— Tuan handak pergi ka-mana?
What is your age?— Bĕr-apa ‘umur tuan?
I wish to talk a little with you— Sahaya handak chakap sadikit dengan tuan.
To Persons of Inferior Rank
Who are you?— Siapa kamu?
Is this yours?— Angkau punya-kah ini?
Where is your house?— Di-mana rumah angkau?
Bring your hat— Bawa topi sĕndiri.
Where do you live?— Di-mana tinggal?
Have you got a light?— Ada api?
Why are you so late?— Apa buat lambat ini?
When you were at the shop just now, who was there?— Apabila angkau di kĕdei tadi siapa ada di-situ?
Exercise
Where is your shop? Is this your mother? You and your brother were running. You are very stupid. Have you told your elder sister? Your son has arrived. Was it you who sent fruit? What did you say to him? When will you go? You will bring a boat. You went to the jungle.