IX Interjections
The interjections in most common use are:—
hei! O! ya! O! (Arabic).
aho! O! (Sansk.).
aduh! aduhi! oh! alas! (pain, lamentation).
niah! niah-lah! be off! begone!
ai! wah! oh! alas! (astonishment or affliction).
ayo! ayohi! ah! (affection).
cheh! fie!
wayi! alas!
demei Allah! by God!
nah! there! take it!
jum!6 forwards!
Many other words are used like interjections; such as kasi-han (lit. affection), what a pity! sayang (lit. concern), ’tis pity! alas! karam (lit. wrecked), woe to thee! me-rachun (may I be poisoned), no! (emphatic denial), &c., &c.
A number of Arabic expressions common to all Muhammadans in all parts of the world are used by Malays, such as In sháa-lláh, if it be the will of God; Alláhu a’alam, God is all-knowing; Astaghfir alláh, I beg forgiveness of God; Wa-llahi and Wa-llah, by God! Yá rabb, O Lord! Bi-smi-llah, in the name of God! El-ḥamdu li-llah, praise be to God! Alláhu akbar, God is most great.