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The Automobile Storage Battery

by Otto A. Witte

347 sections · Download EPUB

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  1. 1Radio Batteries, Farm Lighting Batteries
  2. 2Epigraph — Preface
  3. 3Section I — Working Principles, Manufacture Maintenance, Diseases a…
  4. 4Chapter 2 — Batteries in General
  5. 5Chapter 3 — Manufacture of Storage Batteries
  6. 6Plates
  7. 7Separators
  8. 8Electrolyte
  9. 9Jars
  10. 10Covers
  11. 11Case
  12. 12Assembling and Sealing
  13. 13Preparing Batteries for Dry Shipment
  14. 14Terminal Connections
  15. 15Homemade Batteries
  16. 16Chapter 4 — Chemical Changes
  17. 17Chapter 5 — What Takes Place During Discharge
  18. 18Chapter 6 — What Takes Place During Charge
  19. 19Chapter 7 — Capacity of Storage Batteries
  20. 20Chapter 8 — Internal Resistance
  21. 21Chapter 9 — Care of the Battery on the Car
  22. 22“Dope” Electrolytes
  23. 23Chapter 10 — Storage Battery Troubles
  24. 24Plate Troubles
  25. 25Sulphation
  26. 26Buckling
  27. 27Shedding, or Loss of Active Material
  28. 28Loose Active Material
  29. 29Impurities
  30. 30Corroded Grids
  31. 31Granulated Negatives
  32. 32Heating of Negatives Exposed to the Air
  33. 33Negatives With Very Hard Active Material
  34. 34Bulged Negatives
  35. 35Negative With Soft, Mushy Active Material
  36. 36Negatives With Roughened Surface — Frozen Positives
  37. 37Rotted, Disintegrated Positives
  38. 38Buckled Positives
  39. 39Positives That Have Lost Considerable Active Material
  40. 40Positives With Soft Active Material
  41. 41Positives With Hard, Shiny Active Material
  42. 42Plates Which Have Been Charged in Wrong Direction
  43. 43Separator Troubles
  44. 44Jar Troubles
  45. 45Battery Case Trouble
  46. 46Trouble With Connectors and Terminals
  47. 47Electrolyte Troubles
  48. 48General Troubles
  49. 49Battery Discharged
  50. 50Dead Cells
  51. 51Loss of Capacity
  52. 52Loss of Charge in an Idle Battery
  53. 53Section II — Shop Equipment — Shop Methods
  54. 54Descriptions of Tools and Equipment Named in Foregoing List Chargin…
  55. 55Constant Current Charging
  56. 56Using Motor-Generator Sets
  57. 57A Few Suggestions on Motor-Generator Sets
  58. 58Operating the Charging Circuits
  59. 59Care of Motor-Generator Set
  60. 60Constant-Potential Charging
  61. 61The Tungar Rectifier
  62. 62A. Two Ampere Rectifier
  63. 63B. The One Battery Rectifier
  64. 64C — The Two Battery Rectifier
  65. 65D — The Four Battery Tungar
  66. 66E. The Ten Battery Rectifier
  67. 67F. The Twenty Battery Tungar
  68. 68General Instructions and Information on Tungars
  69. 69Installation
  70. 70Line Connections
  71. 71Battery Connections
  72. 72Operation
  73. 73Troubles
  74. 74Tungar Rectifiers
  75. 75Mercury Arc Rectifier
  76. 76Mechanical Rectifiers
  77. 77Stahl Rectifier
  78. 78Other Charging Equipment
  79. 79Charging Bench
  80. 80Work Bench
  81. 81Sink or Wash Tank
  82. 82Lead Burning (Welding) Outfit
  83. 83Equipment for Handling Sealing Compound
  84. 84Shelving and Racks
  85. 85Bins
  86. 86Battery Steamer
  87. 87Equipment for Lead Burning (Welding) — Plate Burning Rack
  88. 88The Burning Lead Mould
  89. 89Fig. 100 Set of Post Builders
  90. 90Equipment for Work on Cases
  91. 91Tools for General Work
  92. 92Cadmium Test Set and How to Make the Test
  93. 93How Cadmium Tests Are Made
  94. 94When Cadmium Readings Should Be Made
  95. 95Open Circuit Voltage Readings Worthless
  96. 96What the Cadmium Test Set Consists of
  97. 97The AMBU Cadmium Voltmeter
  98. 98Testing a Battery on Discharge
  99. 99Testing a Battery on Charge
  100. 100High Rate Discharge Testers
  101. 101Paraffine Dip Pot
  102. 102Wooden Boxes for Battery Parts
  103. 103Earthenware Jars
  104. 104Acid Carboys
  105. 105Shop Layouts
  106. 106Concerning Light
  107. 107Chapter 12 — General Shop Instructions
  108. 108Troubles
  109. 109Suggestions
  110. 110Lead Burning (Welding)
  111. 111General Lead Burning Instructions
  112. 112Burning on the Cell Connectors and Terminals
  113. 113Burning Plates to Strap and Post
  114. 114Post Building
  115. 115Extending Plate Lugs
  116. 116Making Temporary Charging Connections
  117. 117Moulding Lead Parts
  118. 118Handling and Mixing Acid
  119. 119By Weight
  120. 120By Volume
  121. 121Putting New Batteries Into Service
  122. 122Batteries Shipped Fully Charged, or “Wet.” All Makes
  123. 123Batteries Shipped “Dry”
  124. 124Table of Initial and Repair Charging Rates
  125. 125Vesta Batteries
  126. 126Philadelphia Diamond Grid Batteries
  127. 127Charging Rates · Table — No. 1 — Table No.2
  128. 128Willard Bone-Dry Batteries
  129. 129Unfilled Willard Wood Insulated Batteries
  130. 130Preparing Westinghouse Batteries for Service
  131. 131The Prest-O-Lite Assembled Green Seal Battery
  132. 132Initial Charge — -52 Hours
  133. 133Installing a Battery on a Car
  134. 134Storing Batteries
  135. 135“Wet” Storage
  136. 136Series on 115 Volt Line
  137. 137Dry Storage
  138. 138Determining Age of Battery
  139. 139Exide Age Code
  140. 140Prest-O-Lite Age Code
  141. 141Prest-O-Lite Factory Marks
  142. 142Titan Age Code
  143. 143Rental Batteries
  144. 144Terminals for Rental Batteries
  145. 145Radio Batteries
  146. 146Vesta Radio Batteries
  147. 147Exide Radio Batteries
  148. 148Willard Radio Batteries
  149. 149Westinghouse Radio Batteries
  150. 150Philadelhia Radio Batteries
  151. 151Initial and Recharge Charging Rate
  152. 152U. S. L. Radio Battery
  153. 153Prest-o-Lite Radio Batteries
  154. 154Table of Prest-O-Lite Radio Batteries — Universal Radio Batteries
  155. 155“Dry” Storage Batteries
  156. 156Discharge Tests
  157. 157The 15 Seconds High Rate Discharge Test
  158. 158Lighting Ability Discharge Tests
  159. 159Starting Ability Discharge Tests
  160. 160“Cycling” Discharge Tests
  161. 161Discharge Apparatus
  162. 162Packing Batteries for Shipping
  163. 163Storing Separators
  164. 164Reinsulation
  165. 165Safety First for the Battery Repairman
  166. 166Testing the Electrical System
  167. 167Tests to Be Made by the Repairman
  168. 168Troubles
  169. 169Adjusting Generator Outputs
  170. 170How and When to Adjust Charging Rates
  171. 171Testing and Filling Service
  172. 172Service Records
  173. 173Fig. 183 Front & Back of the Battery Service Card
  174. 174Chapter 13 — Business Methods
  175. 175Purchasing Methods
  176. 176The Use and Abuse of Credit
  177. 177Proper Bookkeeping Records
  178. 178A Daily Exhibit of Your Business
  179. 179Expenses and Profits
  180. 180Invaluable Monthly Comparative Information
  181. 181Chapter 14 — What’s Wrong With the Battery?
  182. 182Chapter 15 — Rebuilding the Battery
  183. 183What Must Be Done With the Battery?
  184. 184Examining the Plates
  185. 185When to Put in New Plates
  186. 186When the Old Plates May Be Used Again
  187. 187What to Do With the Separators
  188. 188Find the Cause of Every Trouble
  189. 189Eliminating “Shorts”
  190. 190Charging
  191. 191Washing and Pressing the Negatives
  192. 192Washing Positives
  193. 193Burning on Plates
  194. 194Work on the Jars
  195. 195Testing Jars
  196. 196Removing Defective Jars
  197. 197Repairing the Case
  198. 198Reassembling the Battery
  199. 199Putting Elements in Jars
  200. 200Filling Jars With Electrolyte or Putting on the Covers
  201. 201Use 1.400 Acid
  202. 202Putting on the Covers
  203. 203Sealing Compounds
  204. 204Sealing Double Cover Batteries
  205. 205Sealing Single Cover Batteries
  206. 206Burning-on the Cell Connectors
  207. 207Marking the Battery
  208. 208Cleaning and Painting the Case
  209. 209Charging the Rebuilt Battery
  210. 210Adjusting the Electrolyte
  211. 211High Rate Discharge
  212. 212Chapter 16 — Special Instructions
  213. 213Type Numbers
  214. 214Methods of Holding Jars in Case
  215. 215Opening Exide Batteries
  216. 216Work on Plates, Separators, Jars, and Case
  217. 217Reassembling Plates
  218. 218Putting Plates in Jars
  219. 219Filling Jars With Electrolyte
  220. 220Sealing Exide Battery Covers
  221. 221Chart: Capacity of Exide Batteries
  222. 222Burning on the Cell Connectors — Charging After Repairing
  223. 223U. S. L. Batteries
  224. 224Chart: Capacity of USL Batteries — Page 1
  225. 225Prest-O-Lite Type “N” Post Locking Outfit
  226. 226To Remove Cell Covers From Elements
  227. 227To Rebuild Posts
  228. 228To Lock or Peen Posts
  229. 229Precautions in Post Locking Operations
  230. 230General Instructions
  231. 231The Philadelphia Diamond Grid Battery
  232. 232New Development in the Philadelphia Battery
  233. 233The Philadelphia Separator
  234. 234The Eveready Storage Battery
  235. 235Description of Parts
  236. 236Repairing Eveready Batteries
  237. 237Vesta Batteries
  238. 238The Vesta Type “D” Battery
  239. 239Type “Dj”
  240. 240Vesta Separators — Vesta Post Seal
  241. 241Westinghouse Batteries
  242. 242Westinghouse Plates
  243. 243Types of Westinghouse Batteries
  244. 244Type “B” Batteries
  245. 245Type “C” Batteries
  246. 246Type “E” Batteries
  247. 247Type “H” Batteries
  248. 248Type “J” Batteries
  249. 249Type “0” Batteries
  250. 250Type “F” Batteries
  251. 251Willard Batteries
  252. 252Willard Batteries With Compound Sealed Posts
  253. 253Willard Batteries With Lead Inserts in Covers
  254. 254Willard Gasket Type Batteries
  255. 255Willard Separators
  256. 256Universal Batteries
  257. 257One-Piece Battery Containers
  258. 258The Titan Battery
  259. 259Chapter 17 | Farm Lighting Batteries Special Instructions
  260. 260Prest-o-Lite Farm Lighting Batteries
  261. 261Rebuilding Prest-O-Lite Farm Lighting Batteries
  262. 262Exide Farm Lighting Batteries — Batteries With Sealed Glass Jars
  263. 263Battery Gauges and Instruments for Testing
  264. 264The Ampere-Hour Meter
  265. 265Hydrometers
  266. 266When and How to Charge Battery
  267. 267Carry Heavy Loads Greater Than 10 Amperes
  268. 268Where Small Load Is Used
  269. 269Inspection Trips
  270. 270Sediment Space Filled
  271. 271Check Ampere-Hour Meters
  272. 272Voltage Readings
  273. 273Repairs
  274. 274Disassembling a Cell
  275. 275Assembling
  276. 276Inserting Locking Pin
  277. 277Sealing Covers
  278. 278Filling Cell With Electrolyte
  279. 279Charging
  280. 280Adjusting Gravity of Electrolyte
  281. 281How to Repair Delco-Light Cells
  282. 282Treating Spilled Cells
  283. 283Treating Badly Sulphated Cells That Have Been in Service
  284. 284Treating Reversed Cells
  285. 285Removing Impurities
  286. 286Clearing High Resistance Short Circuits
  287. 287Clearing Lug Shorts
  288. 288Putting Repaired Cells Back in Service
  289. 289Charging Outside Negative Plates
  290. 290Pressing Negative Plates
  291. 291Salvaging Replaced Cells
  292. 292Repairing Lead Parts
  293. 293Repairing Broken Posts
  294. 294Burning on Straps
  295. 295How to Eliminate Burning on Straps by Use of an Auxiliary Strap
  296. 296Burning on New Plates
  297. 297Keeping Wood Separators in Stock
  298. 298Freezing Temperature of Electrolyte
  299. 299Care of Cells in Stock
  300. 300Taking Batteries Out of Commission
  301. 301Putting Batteries Into Commission After Being Out of Service
  302. 302General Complaints From Users and How to Handle Them
  303. 303Other Exide Farm Lighting Batteries
  304. 304Batteries With Open Glass Jars
  305. 305Batteries With Sealed Rubber Jars
  306. 306Westinghouse Farm Lighting Batteries
  307. 307Opening and Setting-Up Westinghouse Farm Lighting Batteries
  308. 308The Relation Between Various Sizes of Westinghouse Farm Light Batte…
  309. 309Table A
  310. 310Table B
  311. 311Willard Farm Lighting Batteries
  312. 312Glass Jar Batteries. Fully Charged and Filled With Electrolyte
  313. 313Unpacking
  314. 314Inspection of Cells
  315. 315Connecting the Cells
  316. 316Willard Glass Jar Batteries Shipped “Knock-Down”
  317. 317Cleaning the Glass Jars — Preparing the Covers
  318. 318Assembling the Element and Separators
  319. 319Sealing Element Assembly in Jar
  320. 320Filling With Electrolyte
  321. 321Initial Charge
  322. 322Wilard Rubber Jar Batteries Shipped Completely Charged and Filled W…
  323. 323Willard Rubber Jar Batteries Shipped Dry (Export Batteries)
  324. 324Installing Counter Electromotive Force Cells
  325. 325Definitions and Descriptions of Terms and Parts
  326. 326Index — A
  327. 327B
  328. 328C
  329. 329D
  330. 330E
  331. 331F
  332. 332G
  333. 333H
  334. 334I
  335. 335J
  336. 336L
  337. 337M
  338. 338N
  339. 339O
  340. 340P
  341. 341R
  342. 342S
  343. 343T
  344. 344U
  345. 345V
  346. 346W
  347. 347A Visit to the Factory

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