| I. Rights | Perfect—enforceable by law. |
| Imperfect—recognised by law, but not enforceable. |
| The legal quality of rights against the state. |
| II. Rights | Positive—correlative to positive duties and negative wrongs. |
| Negative—correlative to negative duties and positive wrongs. |
| III. Rights | Real—in rem or in re—correlative to duties of indeterminate |
| Personal—in personam—correlative to duties of determinate incidence (almost all positive). |
| Jura ad rem. |
| Dominium and obligatio. |
| IV. Rights | Proprietary—constituting a person’s estate or property. |
| Personal—constituting a person’s status or personal condition. |
| Other uses of the term status. |
| V. Rights | In re propria. |
| In re aliena—servitus—encumbrance. |
| The natural limits of rights, distinguished from encumbrances. |
| The concurrence of the encumbrance and the right encumbered. |
| Encumbrances either real or personal rights. |
| Classes of encumbrances | 1. Leases. |
| 2. Servitudes. |
| 3. Securities. |
| 4. Trusts. |
| VI. Principal and Accessory Rights. |
| VII. Legal and Equitable Rights. |
| VIII. Primary and Sanctioning Rights. |