Greek and Roman Money, Weights, and Measures Mentioned by Pliny
| Acetabulum. R | 1⁄8 of a Sextarius,.1238 pint. |
| Actus. R | 120 Pedes or Roman feet. |
| Amphora. R | 48 Sextarii, 5 gall. 7.577 pints. |
| As. R | 21⁄8 farthings. Copper. |
| As. R weight | See “Libra.” |
| Concha, Smaller, G and R | .0412 pint. |
| Concha, Larger, G and R | .1238 pint. |
| Congius. R | 5.9471 pints. |
| Cubitus. G | 1 foot 6.2016 inches. |
| Cubitus. R | 1 foot 5.4744 inches. |
| Culeus. R | 20 Amphoræ, 118 gall. 7.546 pints. |
| Cyathus. G and R | 1⁄12 of a Sextarius,.0825 pint. |
| Denarius. R | 16 Asses, 81⁄2 pence. Silver. |
| Denarius. R. weight | 52.5 to 60 grains. |
| Digitus, or Finger. R | 1⁄16 of a Pes,.7281 inch. |
| Drachma. G | .63 grains. |
| Hemina. R | See “Semisextarius.” |
| Jugerum. R | 240 Pedes or Roman feet by 120. |
| Libra, or Pound. R | 113⁄4 ounces 60.45 grains, avoird. |
| Mina.1 G | 15 ounces 83.75 grains, avoird. |
| Modius. R. [dry measure] | 1⁄3 of an Amphora, 1 gall. 7.8576 pints. |
| Obolus, G | 11⁄2 pence +.5 farthings. Silver. |
| Obolus. G. weight | 10.5 grains. |
| Palmus, or Handbreadth. R | 2.9214 inches. |
| Passus, or Pace.2 R | 5 Roman feet, 4 ft. 10.248 inches. |
| Pes, or Foot. R | 12 Unciæ, 11.6496 inches. |
| Pollex, or Thumb. R | See “Uncia” [lineal measure]. |
| Quadrans. R | .53125 farthings. Copper. |
| Quadrans. R weight | 3 Unciæ, 23⁄4 ounces 97.21 grs. |
| Quadrantal. R | See “Amphora.” |
| Quartarius. R | 1⁄4 of a Sextarius,.2477 pint. |
| Quinarius. R | 1⁄2 of a Denarius. |
| Scripulum, or Scruple. R | 1⁄24 of an Uncia, 18.06 grains. |
| Semisextarius. R | 1⁄2 of a Sextarius. |
| Sestertius. R | 1⁄4 of a Denarius. Brass or Silver. |
| Sestertium. R | 1000 Sestertii, £7 16s. 3d. |
| Sextarius. R | 1⁄6 of a Congius,.9911 pint. |
| Spithama, or Span. G | 9.1008 inches. |
| Stadium. G and R | 1⁄8 of a Roman mile, 606 feet 9 in. |
| Teruncius. R | See “Quadrans” [weight & money]. |
| Ulna, or Ell. R | 6 feet, 81 inch. |
| Uncia, or Inch. R | 1⁄12 of a Pes,.9708 inch. |
| Uncia, or Ounce. R | 1⁄12 of a Libra. 433.666 grs. |
| Urna. R | 1⁄2 of an Amphora. |
| Victoriatus. R | See “Quinarius.” |
The Schœnus, an Egyptian and Persian lineal measure, varied considerably; being sometimes thirty, and sometimes forty Stadia. See B. v. c. 11, B. vi. c. 30, and B. xii. c. 30.
The Attic Talent, as a weight, was equal to 56lb. 151⁄4oz. 100.32 grains. The Commercial Talent was 85lb. 21⁄2oz. 70.7 grs. The Silver Attic, or Great Talent, was in value £343 15s. or, according to Pollux, £406 5s. The Gold, or Sicilian Talent, was equal in weight to six Attic Drachmæ, or about 3⁄4 oz. and 71 grs. The Egyptian Talent, as a measure of weight, was equal to about twice the Attic Talent.
NATURAL HISTORY OF PLINY.