Enlarging and Reducing Figures for Sketches
Figures are not always enlarged or reduced by free-hand drawing. Some designers always use the “squaring off” process. The latter is clearly illustrated by Figs. 78 and 79. Fig. 79 shows the reduction of Fig. 78, and Fig. 78 the enlargement of Fig. 79.
The method observed is of different size squares for each design. Each square of Fig. 78 containing the same proportion of the whole design as is shown by the corresponding squares of Fig. 79.
Fig. 80 illustrates another method of ruling off a figure preparatory to enlargement, reduction, or duplication.
This “squaring off” is not always done in a sketch for the reasons just mentioned, it being frequently done to assist the designer in the original construction of his figure. Such an application of its utility may be observed in Fig. 81, centre for Damask; Fig. 82, border for Damask; and Figs. 83 and 84, sketches for Damask table-cover, centre, with side border. The design of a border for a centre, or vice versa, must be selected to correspond (Fig. 85).
Fig. 86 shows a horizontal and vertical border, both of the same design. It is obvious that it would be a very imperfect design if either border should be allowed to form the corner, hence a union must be carefully constructed embodying the same general features as the design.