Vocabulary
The Roman numerals refer to the songs, the Arabic to the verses, in which the word occurs. Abbreviations: lit., literally; ref., reflexive; pret., preterit; rev., reverential; freq., frequentative; post., postposition; Span., a Spanish word.
A, adv. No, not, in comp.
A, n. For atl, water, in comp.; as acalli, water-house, i.e., a boat.
A, interj. Oh! ah! placed after the word on which stress is laid.
AC, pron., interj. Who?
ACA, pron. Some, any; somebody.
ACALLI, n. A boat, of any kind.
ACH, dubitative particle. Indeed? is it not? etc.
ACHITZINCA, adv. A little while, a short time.
ACHQUEN, adv. At what time? When?
ACI, v. To reach, to acquire.
ACOHUETZI, v. To console, to make glad. I, 3.
ACOQUIZA, v. To lift up, to raise, to increase in dignity or power.
ACOTLAZA, v. To console.
ACXOYATL, n. The wild laurel.
AHAUIA, v. To rejoice, take pleasure in; freq. of ahuia.
AHUACHIA, v. To wet one’s self, to bathe. VII, 4.
AHUACHTLI, n. Dew, moisture.
AHUEHUETL, n. The cypress tree; Cupressus disticha.
AHUIA, v. To rejoice, to be joyful.
AHUIAC, adj. Agreeable, pleasant, sweet.
AHUIAN, adj. Content, satisfied.
AHUICPA, adv. From one place to another. III, 3.
AIC, adv. Never.
ALTEPETL, n. Town, city, citadel.
AMECH, pron. ret. You, to you.
AMEYALLI, n. A fountain, a stream; lit., flowing water.
AMILLI, n. Watered and arable land. XIV, 6.
AMO, adv. No, not; amo ma, no other; amo zannen, not in vain; pron., you, yours.
AMOXPETLATL, n. Book-mat. See XIX, 3.
AMOXTECATL, n. See XXV, 8, note.
AN, pron. You.
ANA, v. To take, to grasp, to seize.
ANAHUIA, v. To be dissatisfied.
ANCA, adv. Of the kind that. XVII, 12.
ANE, adv. Hollo! in calling.
ANGELOTIN, n. Angels. Span. XVII, 26.
ANO, adv. As little, neither.
ANOZO, conj. Or, perhaps.
AOC, adv. Not yet.
APANA, v. To clothe.
APANO, v. To ford, to cross water. XVIII, 2.
AQUEN, adv. Nothing, in no manner.
AQUIN, pron. Who? in aquin, he who.
AT, adv. Perhaps, perchance.
ATAYAHUILI, for at aya ueli. Not yet, not even.
ATIHUELMATI, v. Not to be well. IX, 3.
ATL, v. Water.
ATLAMACHTIA, v. To praise one; ref., to be proud.
ATLE, pron. Nothing.
ATLEY, in atley. Without.
ATONAUIA, v. To have a fever, to be sick.
AUH, conj. And, even, also.
AXALLI, n. Bar-sand, water-sand.
AY, v. pret. oax. To do, to make.
AYA, adv. Not yet, not now.
AYACACHTLI, n. A musical instrument. See p. 24.
AYAHUITL, n. Fog, mist, vapor.
AYAUH COZAMALOTL, n. The rainbow; lit., “mist of water jewels.”
AYOC, adv. Already not. Ayoctle, nothing more.
AYOQUAN, adv. Aoc-iuan. Nothing like it, unequaled. XVII, 17.
AYOQUIC, adv. Nevermore. V, 6.
AZAN, adv. Not a little, not a few.
AZO, conj. Or, perhaps, perchance.
AZTLACAPALLI, n. The tail feathers of a bird. XVII, 10.
C, pron. rel. He, her, it, him; postpos., with, by, in, from, at.
CA, adv. Already, yes, because, for, truly, only.
CA, v. To be (in a place).
CA, postpos. With, by, by means of.
CACALI, v. To discharge arrows.
CACOPA, post. Toward, towards.
CAHUA, v. To leave, to let, to desert, to stop, to lay down.
CALAQUIA, v. To enter, to go in.
CALLI, n. A house; in comp. cal, as nocal, my house.
CALMECAC, n. A public school, p. 10.
CAMAPANTLI, n. The cheeks, the face. XXVI, 5.
CAMATL, n. The mouth.
CAMPA, adv. Where, whither.
CAN, adv. and postpos. Where.
CANAUHTLI, n. A duck. XXI, 9.
CANEL, adv. Since, as, because.
CAQUI, v. To hear, to listen to.
CATLEHUATL, pron. Who? which? whoever, whatever.
CATQUI, v. irreg. From ca, to be (in a place).
CAUHTEHUA, v. To leave a place.
CAXTLAUITL, n. A kind of ochre. XVII, 10.
CE, adj. and art. One, a, an.
CECE, or Cecen, adj. Each, every.
CECEMELQUIXTIA, v. To come forth wholly, perfectly. I, 1.
CECEMELTIA, v. ref. To rejoice, to feel glad.
CECEMELTIC, adj. Complete, whole, entire.
CECEMMANA, v. To disperse, to scatter.
CEHUIA, v. To rest, to repose.
CEL, Sole only.
CELIA, v. 1. To receive, to obtain. 2. To blossom, to bloom.
CEMANAHUATL, n. The world, the universe.
CEMELLE, adv. With peace or joy. Usually with a negative aic cemelle, never peacefully. XV, 18; XVI, 1.
CEMILHUILTILIA, v. To detain one for a day.
CEMILHUITL, n. One day.
CEN, adv. Forever, for always; cen yauh, to go forever, to die.
CENCA, adv. Very much, exceedingly.
CENCI, adv. Elsewhere.
CENQUIXTIA, v. To select from, to pick from.
CENTZONTLATOLLI, n. The mocking bird, Turdus polyglottus; lit., “the myriad-voiced.”
CENTZONTLI, adj. num. Four hundred, used for any large number.
CEPANOA, v. To unite, to join together.
CHALCHIUHITL, n. The Mexican jade or green stone; emerald fig., green; precious.
CHANE, n. Inhabitant or resident of a place.
CHANTLI, n. A dwelling, a residence; in comp., chan.
CHIA, v. To wait, to expect.
CHIALONI, n. That which is awaited or expected.
CHICAHUAC, adj. Strong, powerful.
CHICHIA, v. 1. To make bitter. 2. To obey. XIII, 9.
CHICHINA, v. To snuff up, imbibe, or suck up, especially the odors of burning incense, through a tube. VII, 4; XVII, 10.
CHICHINAQUILIZTLI, n. Torment, pain, suffering.
CHIHUA, v. To make, to do, to happen; chihua in noyollo, my heart is troubled, I am pained.
CHIMALLI, n. The native shield or buckler. VI, 4.
CHITONI, v. To sparkle, to glitter.
CHITONIA, v. To gain, to realize a profit. V, 4.
CHITTOLINI, v. To bow down, to sink.
CHOCA, v. To cry (of animals and man).
CIAHUI, v. To fatigue one’s self, to tire.
CIHUACOATL, n. A magistrate of high rank; lit.,”woman serpent.”
CIHUATL, n. A woman.
CITLALIN, n. A star.
CO, postpos. In, from.
COA, or COHUA, v. To buy, to purchase.
COCHITIA, v. To sleep.
COCOA, v. To pain, to give pain.
COCOLIA, v. To hate.
COCOYA, v. To be sick.
COHUATL, or COATL, n. A serpent; a guest; a twin; the navel; a spade.
COHUAYOTL, n. Buying, purchasing. V, 2.
COLLI, n. Ancestor, forefather.
COLOA, v. To twist, to turn, to bend.
COMONI, v. To crackle (of a fire); to be turbulent (of people). XXIV.
CON, pron. Some one; comp. of c and on.
COPA, postpos. By, toward.
COPALLI, n. Resin, gum copal.
COYOUA, v. To cry, to yell. XIII, 7.
COYOHUACAN, n. The place of wolves. XIII, 10.
COYOLTOTOTL, n. The coyol bird, Piranga hepatica.
COYOTL, n. The coyote, the Mexican wolf.
COZCATIA, v. To deck with golden chains. IV, 4.
COZCATL, n. Jewel, precious stone; a string of such; a chain or collar.
CUECUEXANTIA, v. To gather in the folds of the robe.
CUECUEYA, v. To move to and fro. XXI, 9.
CUEPA, v. To turn, to return, to bring back.
CUEPONI, v. To blossom, to bud, to bloom.
CUETLANI, v. To wilt, to perish. XV, 15.
CUETZPALTI, v. To act as a glutton, to revel in. XVII, 5.
CUEXANTLI, n. Gown, robe, petticoat.
CUI, v. To take, to gather, to collect.
CUICA, n. A song, a poem.
CUICANI, n. A singer, a poet.
CUICOYAN, n. A place for singing. See note to p. 10.
CUIHUA, v. Pass. of cui, q. v.
CUILIA, v. Rev. of cui, q. v.
CUILOA, v. To paint, to write.
CUILTONOA, v. To be rich; to rejoice greatly; to enrich or cause joy. XV, 6.
CUITLATL, n. Excrement, dung.
CUIX, adv. An interrogative particle.
ECACEHUAZTLI, n. A fan.
EHECATL, n. Wind, air.
EHECAYO, adj. Full of wind, stormy.
EHUA, v. To lift up, especially to raise the voice in singing.
ELCHIQUIHUITL, n. The breast, the stomach.
ELCHIQUIUHEUA, v. To fatigue, to tire. VI, 5.
ELCICIHUILIZTLI, n. A sigh, a groan.
ELEHUIA, v. To desire ardently, to covet.
ELLAQUAHUA, v. To animate, to inspire.
ELLELACI, v. To suffer great pain.
ELLELLI, n. Suffering, pain.
ELLELQUIXTIA, v. To cause joy, to make glad.
ELLELTIA, v. Ref., to regret, to repent, to abstain; act., to prevent, to hinder, to impede, to cause pain.
EPOALLI, adj. num. Sixty.
EZTLI, n. Blood.
HUAHUAQUI, u. To dry up, to wither wholly. VIII, 1.
HUAL, adv. Hither, toward this place.
HUALLAUH, v. irreg. To come hither.
HUAN, postpos. In company with; also, a plural termination.
HUAPALCALLI, n. Houses of planks. See XVIII, 1.
HUAQUI, v. To dry up, to wither.
HUECAPAN, adj. Lofty.
HUECATLAN, adj. Deep, profound.
HUEHUETL, n. A drum. See page 22.
HUEHUETZI, v. freq. To fall often.
HUEIYOTL, n. Greatness, grandeur.
HUEL, adv. Well, good, pleasant.
HUELIC, adj. Sweet, pleasant, fragrant.
HUELMANA, v. To make smooth, or even; to polish, to burnish.
HUETZCANI, n. A jester, a laugher. XXI, 1.
HUETZI, v. To fall.
HUETZTOC, v. To be stretched out, to be in bed.
HUEY, adj. Great, large.
HUEYATLAN, n. Place of increase, from hueya, to grow greater.
HUIC, postpos. Toward, against.
HUICA v. To accompany; to carry off; to govern, to rule, to direct.
HUIHUICA, v. To follow in crowds, or often.
HUIHUITEQUI, v. To gather, to pluck.
HUILOHUAYAN, n. Bourne, goal, terminus; from huiloa, all go.
HUIPANA, v. To put in order, to arrange.
HUITOMI, v. To split, to fall. XVIII, 4.
HUITZ, v. To come.
HUITZITZICATIN, n. The humming bird. I, 1.
HUITZITZILIN, n. The humming bird, Trochilus.
HUITZLI, n. A thorn, especially of the maguey.
HUITZTLAN, n. The south; huitztlampa, from or to the south.
I, v. Pret. oic. To drink.
I, pron. His, her, its, their.
IC, conj. For, since, because; prep. With, towards, by, in; adv. Where? when? zan ic, as soon as, often, only, on purpose.
ICA, post. With him, her, it, etc.
ICÂ, adv. Sometimes, occasionally.
ICAC, v. To stand upright.
ICAHUACA, v. To sing (of birds).
ICALI, v. To war, to fight. VI, 5.
ICAUHTLI, n. Younger brother. VII, 2.
ICELIA, v. To incite another, to devote one’s self to.
ICNELIA, v. To do good, to benefit.
ICNIUHTLI, n. A friend, a companion; tocnihuan, our friends.
ICNOPILLAHUELILOCATI, v. To be ungrateful.
ICNOTLAMACHTIA, v. To excite compassion.
ICPAC, postpos. Upon, over.
IHUAN, conj. And, also.
IHUI, adv. Of this kind, in this way.
IHUINTI, v. To intoxicate, to make drunk.
IHUITL, n. Feather, plumage.
ILACATZIUI, v. To twist, to twine.
ILACATZOA, v. To twine around, to wind about. XV, 2.
ILCAHUA, v. To forget.
ILHUIA, v. To speak, to say, to tell.
ILHUICATL, n. Heaven, the sky.
ILNAMIQUILIA, v. To remember, to call to mind.
ILPIA, v. To bind, to fasten.
IM, See in.
IMATI, v. To be skillful or wise; to prepare or arrange something skillfully.
IN, art. and pron. He, they, the, which, etc.; in ma oc, meanwhile; in ic, so that, in order that.
INAYA, v. To confer, to hide. X, 2.
INECUI, v. To smell something, to perceive an odor. IV, 6.
INIC, adv. For, in order that, after that.
ININ, pron. These, they.
INIQUAC, conj. When.
INNE, conj. But.
INOC, adv. While, during.
INON, pron. Those.
INTLA, conj. If.
INTLACAMO, adv. Unless, if not.
IPALNEMOANI, n. A name of God. See III, 1, note.
IPAMPA, adv. Because.
IPOTOCTLI, n. Smoke, vapor, exhalation.
ITAUHCAYOTL, n. Fame, honor. XVII, 14.
ITHUA, v. To see, for itla. XV, 6.
ITIA, v. 1. To drink; to cause to drink. 2. To suit, to fit.
ITIC, postpos. Within, inside of.
ITLANI, v. To ask, to solicit, to demand.
ITOA, v. To say, to speak, to tell.
ITONALIZTLI, n. Sweat; fig., hard work. VI, 5.
ITOTIA, n. To dance in the native fashion.
ITOTILIZTLI, n. Dance.
ITTA, v. To see, to behold.
ITTITIA, v. To show, to make evident.
ITZMOLINI, v. To be born, to sprout, to grow. XX, 4.
ITZTAPALLI, n. Paving stone. XV, 8.
ITZTOC, v. To watch, to keep awake, to wait for. XVII, 12.
IXAMAYO, adj. Known, recognized. XIII, 2.
IXAYOTL, n. A tear (from the eyes).
IXCUITIA, v. To take example.
IXIMACHOCA, n. The knowledge of a person.
IXIMATI, v. To know personally.
IXITIA, v. To awake, to arouse.
IXPAN, postpos. Before the face of, in presence of.
IXQUICH, adv. As many as.
IXTIA, v. To face a person, especially the enemy; to watch.
IXTLAHUATL, n. Open field, savanna, desert.
IXTLAN, postpos. Before the face of.
IXTLI, n. Face, visage; eye.
IZA, v. To awaken, to arouse.
IZCALI, v. To arise, to rise up.
IZHUATL, n. A leaf of a tree, etc.
IZHUAYO, adj. Leafy, with leaves.
IZQUI, adj., pl. izquintin. As many, so many, all; izqui in quezqui, as many as.
IZTAC, adj. White.
IZTLACAHUIA, v. To deceive, to cheat.
IZTLACOA, v. To search for; ref., to take counsel.
MA, adv. Sign of optative, subjunctive and vetative; ma oc, yet a while.
MACA, v. To give, to present.
MA CA, neg. Do not.
MACAIC, adv. Never.
MACAZO TLEIN, neg. No matter, for all that. VI, 2.
MACEHUALLOTL, n. Servitude, slavery.
MACEUALTI, v. defect. To merit; to be happy.
MACEHUALTIA, v. 1. nino, to make another a vassal, to reduce to vassalage; nite, to give vassals to one; nita, to impose a penance on one.
MACH, adv. An intensive particle.
MACHTIA, v. To cause to know, to teach, to learn.
MACIUI, adv. Although, granted that. XVII, 13.
MACQUAITL, n. The native sword. VI, 4.
MACUELE, adv. Would that—sign of the optative.
MAHACA, adv. Not, no.
MAHUI, v. To fear, to have fear.
MAHUIZTI, v. To be esteemed, to be honored.
MAITL, n. The hand, the arm. In comp. ma, as noma, my hand.
MALACACHOA, v. To twine, to fold. XVI, 4.
MALHUIA, v. To regale, to treat well, to take care of.
MALINA, v. To twine, to wreathe.
MALINTIUH, v. To twine, to twist, to enwreathe.
MAMALIA, v. To carry.
MAMALLI, v. To enter, to penetrate. XII, 4.
MAMANA, v. To arrange a feast, to set in order. XV, 15.
MAMANI, v. See Mani.
MANA, v. To offer offerings. XVII, 3.
MANCA, v. Imp. of Mani.
MANEN, neg. That not, that it does not happen, etc.
MANI, v. To be (of broad or wide things); to be stretched out.
MANOZO, adv. Or, if.
MAQUIZTLI, n. A bracelet or other ornament of the arm. III, 5.
MATI, v. To know. Ref., to think, to reflect; qui-mati noyollo, I presume, I doubt; nonno-mati, I attach myself to a person or thing.
MATILOA, v. To anoint, to rub.
MAZO, adv. Although.
MEYA, v. To flow, to trickle.
MIAHUATOTOTL, n. A bird. IV, 2.
MICOHUANI, adj. Mortal, deadly.
MIEC, adv. Much, many.
MILLI, n. Cultivated field.
MIQUI, v. To die, to kill.
MIQUITLANI, v. To desire death. X, 1.
MITZ, pron. Thee, to thee.
MIXITL, n. A narcotic plant. See tlapatl. IX, 2.
MIXTECOMATL, n. A dark night, a dark place. III, 4.
MIZQUITL, n. The mesquite. XV, 1.
MO, pron. 1. Thy, thine; 2. Pron. ref. 3 sing., he, him, they, them.
MOCHI, adj. All.
MOCHIPA, adv. Always.
MOLINIANI, n. One who moves, or agitates. XVI, 3.
MOMOLOTZA, v. To cause to foam, to cut to pieces. XII, 3.
MOTELCHIUH, n. The governor of Tenochtitlan. XIII, 8.—See telchihua.
MOTLA, v. To throw, to fall. I, 1.
MOTLALI, adj. Seated, placed, in repose.
MOYAUA, v. To conquer; to become cloudy or troubled (of water); to talk about; to boast.
MOZTLA, adv. To-morrow.
NAHUAC, postpos. Toward, by, along, near to.
NAHUI, adj. num. Four.
NALQUIXTIA, v. To cause to penetrate, causative of nalquiza, to penetrate.
NANANQUILIA, v. To answer, to reply to.
NANTLI, n. Mother, tonan, our mother, etc.
NAUHCAMPA, adv. In four directions, to four places.
NE, pron. Reflexive pronoun 3d person in verbal substantives and impersonal verbs.
NE, pron. for nehuatl. I, me.
NECALIZTLI, n. Battle, combat.
NECH, pron. Me, to me.
NECHCA, adv. There, down there; like the French là-bas; ocye nechca, formerly, once.
NECI, v. To appear, to show one’s self or others.
NECO, v. Pass, of nequi, q. v.
NECTIA, v. To desire, to wish for.
NECUILTONOLLI, n. Riches, possessions.
NEICALOLOYAN, n. The field of battle.
NEIXIMACHOYAN, n. A place where one is taught. XIII, 1.
NEL, adv. But.
NELHUAYOTL, n. A root; fig., principle, foundation, essence.
NELIHUI, adv. It is thus, even thus; mazo nelihui, though it be thus.
NELLI, adv. Truly, verily.
NELOA, v. To mingle, to shake, to beat.
NELTIA, v. To verify, to make true.
NEMACTIA, v. 1. To receive, to obtain. 2. To give, to grant.
NEMAYAN, adv. In the course of the year. XII, 3.
NEMI, v. To live, to dwell, to walk.
NEMOA, v. impers. To live, to dwell.
NEN, adv. Vainly, in vain.
NENCHIUA, v. To do in vain.
NENECTIA, v. To obtain by effort. XII, 4.
NENELIUHTICA, adj. Mixed up, mingled together.
NENELOA, v. To mix, to mingle.
NENEPANOA, v. freq. To mix, to mingle. XVII, 1.
NENEQUI, v. To act tyrannically; to feign; to covet. XI, 7.
NENNEMI, v. To wander about.
NENONOTZALCUICATL, n. A song of exhortation.
NENTACI, v. To fail, to come to naught. XVII, 13, 14.
NENTLAMACHTIA, v. ref. To afflict one’s self, to torment one’s self.
NENTLAMATI, v. To be afflicted, disconsolate.
NEPA, adv. Here, there. Ye nepa, a little further, beyond. XXI, 6. Oc nepa, further on.
NEPANIUI, v. To join, to unite.
NEPANTLA, postpos. In the midst of.
NEPAPAN, adj. Various, diverse, different.
NEPOHUALOYAN, n. The place where one is reckoned, read, or counted. VI, 2.
NEQUI, v. To wish, to desire.
NETLAMACHTILIZTLI, n. Riches, property.
NETLAMACHTILOYAN, n. A prosperous place. IV, 6; VII, 4.
NETLANEHUIHUIA, v. To have an abundance of all things. XXVI, 1.
NETOTILIZTLI, n. Dance, dancing.
NETOTILOYAN, n. Place of dancing.
NI, pron. pers. I. Before a vowel, n.
NICAN, adj. Here, hither.
NIHUI, adv. From no-ihui, thus, of the same manner. XVIII, 3.
NIMAN, adv. Soon, promptly.
NINO, pron. ref. I myself.
NIPA, adv. Here, in this part, there.
NO, adv. Also, like, no yuh, in the same way, thus. Pron. My, mine.
NOCA, pron. For me, for my sake, by me.
NOHUAN, pron. With me.
NOHUIAMPA, adv. In all directions, on all sides.
NOHUIAN, adv. Everywhere, on all sides.
NONOYAN, n. Place of residence. V, 2.
NONOTZA, v. To consult, to take counsel, to reflect.
NOTZA, v. To call some one.
NOZAN, adv. Even yet, and yet, to this day.
OBISPO, n. Bishop. Span. XIX, 4.
OC, adv. Yet, again; oc achi, yet a little; oc achi ic, yet more, comparative; oc pe, first, foremost.
OCELOTL, n. The tiger; a warrior so called. See note to I, 5.
OCOXOCHITL, n. A fragrant mountain flower. III, 2.
OCTICATL, n. See note to VII, 1.
OCTLI, n. The native wine from the maguey. In comp., oc.
OHUAGA, interj. Oh! alas!
OHUI, adj. Difficult, dangerous.
OHUICALOYAN, n. A difficult or dangerous place. XXII, 7.
OHUICAN, n. A difficult or dangerous place.
OME, adj. Two.
OMITL, n. A bone.
OMPA, adv. Where.
ON, adv. A euphonic particle, sometimes indicating action at a distance, at other times generalizing the action of the verb.
ONCAN, adv. There, thither.
ONOC, v. To be lying down.
OPPA, adv. A second time, twice.
OQUICHTLI, n. A male, a man.
OTLI, n. Path, road, way.
OTOMITL, n. An Otomi; a military officer so called.
OTONCUICATL, n. An Otomi song. II, 1.
PACHIUI NOYOLLO, v. I am content, satisfied. IX, 2.
PACQUI, v. To please, to delight.
PACTLI, n. Pleasure, joy.
PAL, postpos. By, by means of.
PAMPA, postpos. For, because.
PAN, postpos. Upon; apan, upon the water.
PAPALOTL, n. The butterfly.
PAPAQUI, v. To cause great joy.
PATIUHTLI, n. Price, wages, reward.
PATLAHUAC, adj. Large, spacious.
PATLANI, v. To fly.
PEHUA, v. Pret., opeuh, to begin, to commence.
PEPETLACA, v. To shine, to glitter.
PEPETLAQUILTIA, v. To cause to shine.
PETLACOATL, n. The scolopender, the centipede. XVII, 24.
PETLATL, n. A mat, a rug (of reeds or flags); fig., power, authority.
PETLATOTLIN, n. A rush suitable to make mats. XXI, 10.
PETLAUA, v. To polish, to rub to brightness.
PEUHCAYOTL, n. Beginning, commencement.
PILIHUI, v. To fasten to, to mingle with. XXI, 6.
PILIHUITL, n. Beloved child. XII, 3.
PILLI, n. Son, daughter, child. A noble, a chief, a ruler, a lord. Tepilhuan, the children, the young people. Nopiltzin, my lord.
PILOA, v. To hang down, to suspend.
PILTIHUA, v. To be a boy, to be young.
PIPIXAUI, v. To snow, to rain heavily.
PIXAUI, v. To snow, to rain.
POCHOTL, n. The ceiba tree; fig., protector, chief.
POCTLI, n. Smoke, vapor, fog, mist.
POLOA, v. To destroy; to perish.
POPOLOA, v. Freq. of poloa.
POPOYAUHTIUH, v. To leave a glorious memory. XXI, 5.
POXAHUA, v. To work the soil, to labor.
POYAUA, v. To color, to dye. XVII, 21.
POYAUI, v. To become clear, to clear off.
POYOMATL, n. A flower like the rose. IV, 6.
POZONI, v. To boil, to seethe; fig., to be angry.
QUA, v. To eat.
QUAHTLA, n. Forest, woods.
QUAHUITL, n. A tree; a stick; fig., chastisement.
QUAITL, n. Head, top, summit.
QUALANI, v. To anger, to irritate.
QUALLI, adj. Good, pleasant.
QUATLAPANA, v. To break one’s head; to suffer much.
QUAUHTLI, n. The eagle; a warrior so called; bravery, distinction. I, 5.
QUEMACH, adv. Is it possible!
QUEMMACH AMIQUE, rel. Those who are happy, the happy ones. IX, 2.
QUENAMI, adv. As, the same as.
QUENAMI CAN, adv. As there, the same as there, sometimes with on euphonic inserted, quenonami.
QUENIN, adj. How, how much.
QUENNEL, adv. What is to be done? What remedy?
QUENNONAMICAN, See under quenami.
QUEQUENTIA, v. To clothe, to attire.
QUETZA, v. Nino, to rise up; to unite with; to aid; nite, to lift up.
QUETZALLI, n. A beautiful feather; fig., something precious or beautiful.
QUETZALTOTOTL, n. A bird; Trogon pavoninus.
QUEXQUICH, pron. So many as, how much.
QUI, pron. rel. He, her, it, they, them.
QUIAUATL, n. Entrance, door. XVII, 18.
QUIAUITL, n. Rain, a shower.
QUIMILOA, v. To wrap up, to clothe, to shroud the dead. XI, 6.
QUIN, pron. rel. They, then.
QUIQUINACA, v. To groan, to buzz, etc.
QUIQUIZOA, v. To ring bells. IV, 3.
QUIZA, v. To go forth, to emerge.
QUIZQUI, adj. Separated, divided.
QUIZTIQUIZA, v. To go forth hastily. XXII.
TAPALCAYOA, v. To be full of potsherds and broken bits. XV, 16.
TATLI, n. and v. See p. 19.
TE, pron. pers. 1. Thou. 2. Pron. rel. indef. Somebody.
TEAHUIACA, adj. Pleasing, agreeable.
TECA, pron. Of some one; te and ca.
TECA, v. To stretch out, to sleep; to concern one’s self with. Moteca, they unite together. TECH, postpos. In, upon, from. Pron. Us.
TECOCOLIA, n. A hated person, an enemy.
TECOMAPILOA, n. A musical instrument. See p. 23.
TECPILLI, n. Nobleman, lord.
TECPILLOTL, n. The nobility; noble bearing, courtesy.
TEHUAN, pron. 1. We. 2. With some one.
TEHUATL, pron. Thou.
TEINI, v. To break, to fracture.
TEL, conj. But, though.
TELCHIHUA, v. To detest, to hate, to curse.
TEMA, v. To place something somewhere.
TEMACHIA, v. To have confidence in, to expect, to hope for.
TEMI, v. To be filled, replete; to be stretched out. XXVI, 4.
TEMIQUI, v. To dream.
TEMO, v. To descend, to let fall.
TEMOA, v. To search, to seek.
TENAMITL, n. A town; the wall of a town.
TENAUAC, post. With some one, near some one.
TENMATI, v. To be idle, negligent, unfortunate.
TENQUIXTIA, v. To speak forth, to pronounce, to declare.
TENYOTL, n. Fame, honor.
TEOATL, n. Divine water. See VI, 4, note.
TEOCUITLA, n. Gold, of gold.
TEOHUA, n. A priest. XVII, 19.
TEOQUECHOL, n. A bird of beautiful plumage.
TEOTL, n. God, divinity.
TEOXIHUITL, n. Turquoise; fig., relation, ruler, parent.
TEPACCA, adj. Causing joy, pleasurable.
TEPEITIC, n. Narrow valley, glade, glen.
TEPETL, n. A mountain, a hill.
TEPEUA, v. To spread abroad, to scatter, to conquer. XV, 3.
TEPONAZTLI, n. A drum. See p. 22.
TEPOPOLOANI, v. To slay, to slaughter.
TEQUANI, n. A wild beast, a savage person.
TEQUI, v. To cut.
TETECUICA, v. To make a loud noise, to thunder. XXI, 7.
TETL, n. A stone, a rock. In comp., te.
TETLAMACHTI, n. That which enriches, glorifies, or pleases.
TETLAQUAUAC, adj. Hard or strong as stone. Comp. of tetl and tlaquauac.
TETOZCATEMO, v. To let fall or throw forth notes of singing. I, 2.
TETZILACATL, n. A copper gong. XVII, 21. See p. 24.
TEUCTLI, n., pl. teteuctin. A noble, a ruler, a lord; in teteuctin, the lords, the great ones.
TEUCYOTL, n. Nobility, lordship.
TEUH, postpos. Like, similar to.
TEUHYOTL, n. Divinity, divineness.
TEYOLQUIMA, adj. Pleasing, odorous, sweet.
TEYOTL, n. Fame, honor.
TI, pron. 1. thou; timo, ref.; tic, act. 2. we; tito, ref.; tic, act.
TILANI, v. To draw out.
TILINI, v. To crowd, to press. XVII, 19.
TIMALOA, v. To glorify, to exalt, to praise.
TIMO, pron. ref. Thou thyself.
TITO, pron. ref. We ourselves.
TIZAITL, n. Chalk; anything white; an example or model.
TIZAOCTLI, n. White wine. See VII, 2.
TLA, adv., for intla, if; pron. indef., something, anything; postpos. in abundance.
TLACACE, interj. Expressing astonishment or admiration. XVII, 3.
TLACAQUI, v. To hear, to understand.
TLACATEUCTLI, n. A sovereign, a ruler.
TLACATI, v. To be born.
TLACATL, n. Creature, person.
TLACAZO, adv. Truly, certainly.
TLACHIA, v. To see, to look upon.
TLACHIHUAL, n. Creature, invention.
TLACHINOLLI, n. Battle, war; from chinoa, to burn.
TLACOA, v. To injure, to do evil, to sin.
TLACOCHTLI, n. The arrow.
TLACOCOA, v. To buy, to purchase. X, 1.
TLACOHUA, v. To buy, to purchase.
TLACOHUA, v. To beat, to chastise.
TLACOTLI, n. A servant, slave.
TLACOUIA, v. To split, to splinter.
TLACUILOA, v. To inscribe, to paint in, to write down.
TLAELEHUIANI, adj. Desirous of, anxious for.
TLAHUELLI, n. Anger, ire.
TLAHUICA, n. Servant, page; also, a native of the province of Tlahuican. (See Index.}
TLAILOTLAQUI, n. “Workers in filth;” scum; a term applied in contempt. XIII, 8; XV, 12, 14. Also a proper name. (See Index.)
TLALAQUIA, v. To bury, to inter.
TLALLI, n. Earth, ground; tlalticpac, on the earth.
TLALNAMIQUI, v. To think of, to remember.
TLALPILONI, n. An ornament for the head. VI, 4, from ilpia.
TLAMACHTI, v. ref. To be rich, happy, prosperous.
TLAMAHUIZOLLI, n. Miracle, wonder.
TLAMATILLOLLI, n. Ointment; anything rubbed in the hands. XI, 9.
TLAMATQUI, adj. Skillful, adroit.
TLAMATTICA, adj. Calm, tranquil.
TLAMELAUHCAYOTL, n. A plain or direct song. II, 1.
TLAMI, v. To end, to finish, to come to an end.
TLAMOMOYAUA, v. To scatter, to destroy. XV, 21.
TLAN, postpos. Near to, among, at.
TLANECI, v. To dawn, to become day. Ye tlaneci, the day breaks.
TLANEHUIA, v. Nicno. To revel, to indulge one’s self in. XXI, 8.
TLANELTOCA, v. To believe in, to have faith in.
TLANIA, v. To recover one’s self, to return within one’s self.
TLANIICZA, v. To abase, to humble. IX, 3.
TLANTIA, v. To terminate, to end.
TLAOCOL, adj. Sad, melancholy, pitiful, merciful.
TLAOCOLIA, v. To be sad, etc.
TLAOCOLTZATZIA, v. To cry aloud with grief. I, 3.
TLAPALHUIA, v., rel. To be brilliant or happy; act., to salute a person; to paint something.
TLAPALLI, n. and adj. Colored; dyed; red.
TLAPALOA, v. To salute, to greet.
TLAPANAHUIA, adj. Surpassing, superior, excellent; used to form superlatives.
TLAPANI, v. To dye, to color. XVII, 10.
TLAPAPALLI, adj. Striped, in stripes.
TLAPATL, n. The castor-oil plant; the phrase mixitl tlapatl means stupor, intoxication. IX, 2.
TLAPEPETLANI, v. To sparkle, to shine forth.
TLAPITZA, v. Fr. pitza, to play the flute. XVII, 26.
TLAQUALLI, n. Food, eatables.
TLAQUAUAC, adj. Strong, hard.
TLAQUAUH, adj. Strongly, forcibly.
TLAQUILLA, adj. Stopped up, filled. XX, 4.
TLAQUILQUI, n. One who plasters, a mason. XXI, 1.
TLATEMMATI, v. To suffer afflictions.
TLATENEHUA, v. To promise.
TLATHUI, v. To dawn, to become light.
TLATIA, v. 1. To hide, to conceal; 2. to burn, to set on fire.
TLATLAMANTITICA, adj. Divided, separated.
TLATLATOA, v. To speak much or frequently. XVII, 11.
TLATLAUHTIA, v. To pray. XVI, 3.
TLATOANI, n. Ruler, lord.
TLATOCAYOTL, n. The quality of governing or ruling.
TLATOLLI, n. Word, speech, order.
TLATZIHUI, v. To neglect, to be negligent; to be abandoned, to lie fallow; to leave, to withdraw.
TLAUANTLI, n. Vase, cup. XXVI, 4.
TLAUHQUECHOL, n. A bird, the red heron, Platalea ajaja.
TLAUILLOTL, n. Clearness, light. X, 1.
TLAXILLOTIA, v. To arrange, sustain, support. IX, 4.
TLAXIXINIA, v. To disperse, to destroy.
TLAYAUA, v. To make an encircling figure in dancing.
TLAYAUALOLLI, adj. Encircled, surrounded. XXI, 6.
TLAYLOTLAQUI, n. See XIII, 8.
TLAYOCOLIA, v. To make, to form, to invent. XIV.
TLAYOCOYALLI, n. Creature, invention.
TLAZA, v. To throw away; fig., to reject, to despise.
TLAZOTLA, v. To love, to like.
TLE, pron. int. and rel. What? That.
TLEAHUA, v. To set on fire, to fire.
TLEIN, pron., int. and rel. What? That.
TLEINMACH, adv. Why? For what reason?
TLENAMACTLI, n. Incense burned to the gods. III, 1.
TLEPETZTIC, adj. Shining like fire, tletl, petzlic. XV, 26.
TLETL, n. Fire.
TLEYMACH, adv. Why? Wherefore?
TLEYOTL, n. Fame, honor.
TLEZANNEN, adv. To what good? Cui bono?
TLILIUHQUI, adj. Black, brown.
TLILIUI, v. To blacken, to paint black. XII, 6.
TLOC, postpos. With, near to.
TLOQUE NAHUAQUE, n. A name of divinity. See I, 6, note.
TO, pron. posses. Our, ours.
TOCA, v. To follow.
TOCI, n. “Our ancestress,” a divinity so called.
TOCO, v. Impers. of toca.
TOHUAN, pron. With us.
TOLINIA, v. To be poor, to be unfortunate.
TOLQUATECTITLAN, n. The place where the head is bowed for lustration. III, 1.
TOMA, v. To loosen, to untie, to open. XVII, 3.
TOMAHUAC, adj. Great, heavy, large.
TONACATI, v. To be prosperous or fertile.
TONACATLALLI, n. Rich or fertile land.
TONAMEYO, adj. Shining like the sun, glittering.
TONAMEYOTL, n. Ray of the sun, light, brilliancy.
TONATIUH, n. The sun.
TONEUA, v. To suffer pain; nite, to inflict pain.
TOQUICHPOHUAN, n. Our equals. I, 3.
TOTOTL, n. A bird, generic term.
TOZMILINI, adj. Sweet voiced. XXI, 3.
TOZNENETL, n. A parrot, Psittacus signatus.
TOZQUITL, n. The singing voice, p. 21.
TZALAN, postpos. Among, amid.
TZATZIA, v. To shout, to cry aloud.
TZAUHQUI, v. To spin. XVII, 22.
TZETZELIUI, v. To rain, to snow; fig., to pour down.
TZIHUAC, n. A species of bush. XV, 1.
TZIMIQUILIZTLI, n. Slaughter, death. XVI, 5.
TZINITZCAN, n. A bird, Trogon Mexicanus.
TZITZILINI, n. A bell.
TZOTZONA, v. To strike the drum.
UALLAUH, v. To come. See huallauh.
UITZ, v. To come.
ULLI, n. Caoutchouc. See p. 22.
XAHUA, v. To paint one’s self, to array one’s self in the ancient manner. XXIV, 1.
XAMANI, v. To break, to crack.
XAXAMATZA, v. To cut in pieces, to break into bits.
XAYACATL, n. Face, mask.
XELIHUI, v. To divide, to distribute.
XEXELOA, v. To divide, to distribute.
XILOTL, n. Ear of green corn.
XILOXOCHITL, n. The flower of maize. XVII, 10.
XIMOAYAN, n. A place of departed souls. See I, 8.
XIMOHUAYAN, n. Place of departed spirits. VIII, 1.
XIUHTOTOTL, n. A bird, Guiaca cerulea.
XIUITL, n. A leaf, plant; year; anything green.
XOCHICALLI, n. A house for flowers, or adorned with them.
XOCHIMECATL, n. A rope or garland of flowers.
XOCHIMICOHUAYAN, n. See XVI, 3, note.
XOCHITECATL, n. See XXV, 7, note.
XOCHITL, n. A flower, a rose.
XOCHIYAOTL, n. Flower-war. See XVI, 4, note.
XOCOMIQUI, v. To intoxicate, to become drunk.
XOCOYA, v. To grow sour. XIII, 4.
XOPALEUAC, n. Something very green.
XOPAN, n. The springtime.
XOTLA, v. To blossom, to flower; to warm, to inflame; to cut, to scratch, to saw.
XOXOCTIC, adj. Green; blue. XVI, 6.
XOYACALTITLAN, n. The house or place of decay. III, 1.
Y., Abbrev. for ihuan, and in, q. v.
YA, adv. Already, thus; same as ye; v., to suit, to fit. Part. euphonic or expletive. See note to XVII, 3.
YAN, postpos. Suffix signifying place.
YANCUIC, adj. New, fresh, recent.
YANCUICAN, adv. Newly, recently.
YAOTL, n. War, battle.
YAOYOTL, n. Warfare.
YAQUI, adj. Departed, gone, left for a place.
YAUH, v., irreg. To go.
YE, adv. Already, thus; ye no ceppa, a second time; ye ic, already, it is already.
YE, pron. He, those, etc.
YE, adj. num. Three.
YECE, adv. But.
YECEN, adv. Finally, at last.
YECNEMI, v. To live righteously.
YECOA, v. To do, to finish, to conclude.
YECTENEHUA, v. To bless, to speak well of.
YECTLI, adj. Good, worthy, noble.
YEHUATL, pron. He, she, it. Pl. yehuan, yehuantin.
YEHUIA, v. To beg, to ask charity.
YEPPA YUHQUI. Formerly, it was there. VII, 2.
YHUINTIA. See ihuinti.
YOCATL, n. Goods, possessions; noyocauh, my property. XV, 26.
YOCAUA, n. Master, possessor, owner.
YOCOLIA, v. To form, to make.
YOCOYA, v. To make, to invent, to create.
YOHUATLI, n. Night, darkness.
YOLAHUIA, v. To rejoice greatly.
YOLCIAHUIA, v. To please one’s self, to make glad.
YOLCUECUECHOA, v. To make the heart tremble. IV, 6.
YOLEHUA, v. To excite, to animate.
YOLIHUAYAN, n. A place of living III, 5.
YOLLO, adj. Adroit, skillful; also for iyollo, his heart.
YOLLOTL, v. Heart, mind, soul.
YOLNONOTZA, v. See note to I, 1.
YOLPOXAHUA, v. To toil mentally.
YUHQUI, adv. As, like.
YUHQUIMATI, v. To understand, to realize.
ZACATL, n. Herbage, straw, hay. XXI, 5.
ZACUAN, n. Feather of the zacuan bird; fig., yellow; prized.
ZACUAN TOTOTL, n. The zacuan bird, Oriolus dominicensis.
ZAN, adv. Only, but; zan cuel, in a short time; zanen, perhaps; Zan nen, in vain.
ZANCUEL ACHIC, adv. A moment, an instant; often; zan ye, but again, but quickly.
ZANIO, pron. I alone, he or it alone.
ZOA, v. To pierce; to spread out; to open; to sew; to string together; to put in order.
ZOLIN TOTOTL, n. The quail.
ZOMA, v. To become angry.
ZOMALE, adj. For comalli, vase, cup. XXVI, 4.
Footnotes
1 Diego Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España, Tom. I, p. 233; and compare Geronimo de Mendieta, Historia Eclesiastica Indiana, Lib. II, cap. 31.
2 Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. VIII, cap. 26.
3 Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. III, cap. 8.
4 Cuicoyan, from cuica, song, and the place-ending yan, which is added to the impersonal form of the verb, in this instance, cuicoa. Mr. Bancroft entirely misapprehends Tezozomoc’s words about these establishments, and gives an erroneous rendering of the term. See his Native Races of the Pacific Coast, Vol. II, p. 290, and Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 18.
5 Juan de Torquemada, Monarquia Indiana, Lib. VI, cap. 43.
6 Torquemada, Monarquia Indiana, Lib. XVII, cap. 3. Didacus Valades, who was in Mexico about 1550, writes of the natives: “Habent instrumenta musica permulta in quibus semulatione quadam se exercent.” Rhetorica Christiana, Pars. IV, cap. 24.
7 Descriptions are given by Edward Mühlenpfordt, Die Republik Mexico, Bd. I, pp. 250-52 (Hannover, 1844).
8 Molina translates piqui, “crear ô plasmar Dios alguna cosa de nuevo.” Vocabulario de la Lengua Mexicana, s.v.
9 Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. X, cap. 8.
10 Boturini, Idea de una Nueva Historia General, p. 97.
11 Clavigero, Storia antica di Messico, Lib. VII, p. 175.
12 Torquemada, Monarquia Indiana, Lib. X, cap. 34.
13 Duran, Hist. de la Indias de Nueva España, Tom. I, p. 233.
14 Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 64.
15 Ixtlilxochitl, Historia Chichimeca, cap. 47.
16 Boturini, Idea de una Nueva Historia General, p. 90.
17 Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 53.
18 See Sahagun, Historia de Neuva España, Lib. IV, chap. 17, and Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 64.
19 Cuitlaxoteyotl, from cuitatl, mierda; tecuilhuicuicatl, from tecuilhuaztli, sello, tecuilonti, el que lo haze a otro, pecando contra natura. Molina, Vocabulario.
20 William A. Hammond, The Disease of the Scythians (morbus feminarum) and Certain Analogous Conditions, in the American Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 1882.
21 Cronica Mexicana, cap. 2.
22 On this subject the reader may consult Parades, Compendio del Arte de la Lengua Mexicana, pp. 5, 6, and Sandoval, Arte de la Lengua Mexicana, pp. 60, 61. Tapia Zenteno whose Arte Novissima de la Lengua Mexicana was published in 1753, rejects altogether the saltillo, and says its invention is of no use except to make students work harder! (pp. 3, 4.) The vowels with saltillo, he maintains, are simply to be pronounced with a slight aspiration. Nevertheless, the late writers continue to employ and describe the saltillo, as Chimalpopoca, Epitome á Modo Facil de aprender el Idioma Nahuatl, p. 6. (Mexico, 1869.)
23 Arte Novissima de la Lengua Mexicana, pp. 3, 4.
24 Duran, Historia de Nueva España, Tom. I, p. 230.
25 The singer who began the song was called cuicaito, “the speaker of the song.”
26 The most satisfactory description of these concerts is that given by Geronimo de Mendieta, Historia Eclesiastica Indiana, Lib. II, cap. 31. I have taken some particulars from Boturini and Sahagun.
27 Literally, “the broken drum,” from tlapana, to break, as they say tlapanhuimetzli, half moon. It is described by Tezozomoc as “un atambor bajo.” Cronica Mexicana, cap. 53.
28 From yollotl, heart, and pi, to tear out. The instrument is mentioned by Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 48. On the Yopico, and its ceremonies, see Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. II, cap. 1, and Appendix.
29 Simeon, however, thinks the name arose from the growing and swelling of the sound of the instrument (notes to Jourdanet’s translation of Sahagun, p. 28). Mr. H.H. Bancroft gives the astonishing translation of teponaztli, “wing of stone vapor!” (Native Races of the Pacific States, Vol. II, p. 293.) Brasseur traced the word to a Maya-Quiche root, tep. In both Nahuatl and Maya this syllable is the radicle of various words meaning to increase, enlarge, to grow strong or great, etc.
30 Sahagun, Hist. de Nueva España, Lib. II, cap. 27.
31 See The Güegüence, a Comedy ballet in the Nahuatl Spanish dialect of Nicaragua, Introd., p. 29. (Philadelphia, 1883.)
32 Theodor Baker, Ueber die Musik der Nord-Amerikanischen Wilden., pp. 51-53. (Leipzig, 1882.)
33 Omitl, bone, chicahuac, strong. A specimen made of the bone of a fossil elephant is possessed by Señor A. Chavero, of Mexico. See Tezozomoc, Cronica Mexicana, cap. 55, and the note of Orozco y Berra to that passage in the Mexican edition. Also Sahagun, Hist. de Nueva España, Lib. VIII, cap. 20, who likewise describes most of the instruments referred to in this section.
34 H.T. Cresson, On Aztec Music, in the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, 1883.
35 Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. II, Appendice.
36 Duran, Historia de las Indias de Nueva España, Tom. I, p. 233.
37 Boturini, Idea de una Nueva Historia General, Appendice, p. 95.
38 Echevarria, Historia del Origen de las Gentes de Nueva España, Discurso Preliminar.
39 Clavigero, Storia Antica di Messico, Lib. VII, p. 175.
40 “Ihre Sprachen sind überreich an doppelsinnigen Ausdrücken die sie absichtlich anwenden um ihre Gedanken zu verbergen. Geistliche haben mir versichert, dass sie obgleich der Aztekischen Sprache vollständig mächtig, oft den wahren Sinn einer Beichte nicht zu verstehen vermochten, weil die Beichtende sich in räthselhafter und metaphorreicher Weise auszudrücken pflegten.” Carlos von Gagern, Charakteristik der Indianischen Bevölkerung Mexico’s, p. 17 (in the Mit. der Geog. Gesell., Wien. 1837).
41 Carochi’s translations are not quite literal. The following notes will explain the compounds:—
1. Tlauitl, red ochre, quecholli, a bird so called, aztatl, a heron, ehualtia, reverential of ehua, to rise up; hence, “It (or he) shone like a noble red-winged heron rising in flight.”
2. Ayauitl, mist; coçamalotl, rainbow; tonameyotl, shining, brightness; ti, connective; mani, substantive verb. “The brightness of the rain bow is there.” There is no conjunction “and”; Father Carochi seems to have carelessly taken ayauh, which is the form of ayauitl in composition, for the conjunction auh, and. Each of the lines given is a detached fragment, without connection with the others.
3. xiuitl, something blue or green; coyolli, bells; tzitzilicaliztli, tinkling. “The golden drum’s turquoise-bell-tinkling.”
4. xiuhtic, blue or green; tlapalli, red; cuiloa, to paint or write; amoxtli, book; manca, imperf. of mani. “There was a book painted in red and green.” 5. chalchiuhuitl, the jade; cozcatl, a jewel; mecatl, a string; totoma, frequentative of toma, to unfold, unwind. “I unwind my song like a string of precious jewels.”
42 See above, page 10
43 On the Ikonomatic Method of Phonetic Writing, with special reference to American Archeology. By D. G. Brinton, in Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, for October, 1886.
44 This fact is mentioned by Lord Kingsborough in his great work on Mexico, Vol. VI, p. 533.
45 It is described in the Anales del Museo Nacional, Tom. III, p. 262.
46 Echevarria’s words are “los pongo en su idioma.” Hist. del Origen de las Gentes que poblaron la Nueva España, Discurso Preliminar, in Kingsborough’s Mexico, Vol. VIII.
47 See his Tezcuco en los Ultimas Tiempos de sus Antiguos Reyes. Parte IV (Mexico, 1826).
48 See the description of this fragment of Boturini by Señor Alfredo Chavero in the Anales del Museo Nacional, Tom. III, p. 242.
49 M. Aubin, Notice sur une Collection d’Antiquités Mexicaines, pp. 8, 9. (Paris, 1851.)
50 Printed very incorrectly in Lord Kingsborough’s edition of Ixtlilxochitl’s Relaciones Historicas (Rel. X, Kingsborough, Antiquities of Mexico, Vol. IX, p. 454).
51 See Sahagun, Historia de Nueva España, Lib. II, Appendix.
52 Bustamente puts the number of the songs of Nezahualcoyotl at eighty, of which he could find only one extant, and this, as I understand his words, in Spanish only. See his Tezcuco en los Tiempos de sus Antiguous Reyes, p. 253 (Mexico, 1826). When Alexander von Humboldt visited Mexico he sought in vain for any fragment of the songs of the royal bard. Vues lies Cordillères, etc., Tom. II, p. 391.
53 Tardes Americanas, pp. 90-94. (Mexico, 1778.)
54 Torquemada, Monarquia Indiana, Lib. II, cap. 45. The word huehuetitlan, seems to be a misprint for ahuehuetitlan, from ahuehuetl, with the ligature ti, and the postposition tlan, literally “among the cypresses.”
55 Op. cit.Tom. I, p. 795.
56 Grammatica del Idioma Mexicano, p. 180. (Mexico, 1880.)