Glossary
Acute´. Gills when called acute have sharp edges or are pointed at either end.
Adnate´. Spoken of gills when they are firmly attached to the stem.
Adnex´. A less degree of attachment of gills than adnate.
A´garic. A mushroom that bears gills.
Aluta´ceous. A light leather color.
Anas´tomosing. Interlacing of veins, spoken of gills that are united by cross veins or partitions.
An´nulus. The ring on the stem of a mushroom, formed by the separation of the veil from the margin of the cap.
A´pex. The top. The end of the stem nearest to the gills.
Ap´ical. Relating to the apex.
Appendic´ulate. Hanging in small fragments.
Arach´noid. Like a cobweb.
Ar´cuate. Shaped like a bow.
Are´olate. Any surface divided into little areas or patches.
Axis. Stipe or stalk.
Band. A broad bar of color.
Basid´ium (plural basidia). Mother cells in the hymenium.
Behind. Posterior, the end of a gill next to the stem is said to be the posterior end.
Bifur´cate. Two-forked.
Bulbous. Spoken of the stem when it has a bulb-like swelling at the base.
Cæs´pitose. Growing in tufts.
Campan´ulate. Bell-shaped.
Cap. The pileus.
Cartilag´inous. Gristly, tough.
Casta´neus. Chestnut color.
Cell. A mass of protoplasm, with or without an enclosing wall.
Chlorophyll. The green coloring-matter contained in plants.
Cla´vate. Club-shaped.
Close. Crowded together—term used in describing gills.
Cohe´rent. Sticking together.
Con´cave. Having a rounded inwardly curved surface.
Concen´tric. With a common centre, as a series of rings, one within the other.
Con´nate. Growing together from the first.
Constric´ted. Contracted.
Contin´uous. Without interruption.
Convex. Elevated and regularly rounded.
Con´volute. Covered with irregularities on the surface, like the human brain.
Coria´ceous. Leathery in texture.
Cor´rugated. Wrinkled.
Corti´na. A veil of cobwebby texture. It gives the name to the genus Cortinarius.
Cre´nate. In wavy scallops.
Cu´ticle. Pellicle, a skin-like layer on the outside surface of the cap and stem.
Cy´athiform. Cup-shaped.
Decid´uous. Falling off when mature at the end of the season.
Decur´rent. Gills that run down the stem are called decurrent.
Dehis´cence. The opening of a peridium, when ripe, to discharge the spores.
Deliques´cent. Turning to liquid when mature.
Dichot´omous. Two-forked, regularly dividing by pairs from below upward.
Dimid´iate. Divided into two equal parts, applied to gills that only reach half-way to the stem, and to the cap when it is semi-circular or nearly so.
Disc. The central part of the upper surface of the cap.
Distant. Gills when they are far apart.
Emar´ginate. A gill which has a sudden curve in its margin close to the stem.
Entire. An edge that is straight, has no notch.
Ep´iphytal. Growing on the outside of another plant.
Equal. A stem is equal when it is of uniform thickness, gills when they are of equal length.
Eccen´tric. A stem which is not in the centre, but is attached to the cap between the margin and centre.
Fascic´ulate. Growing in clusters.
Ferru´ginous. Color of iron rust.
Fi´brous. Composed of fibres.
Fis´tulose. Tubular, hollow.
Fleshy. Composed of juicy cellular tissue.
Floccose. Woolly, downy.
Free. Gills when not attached to the stem.
Fungus (plural Fungi). A plant that has no chlorophyll, and obtains its nourishment from dead or living organic matter.
Fus´cous. Dingy dark-brown, or gray color,
Gelat´inous. Of the nature of jelly.
Genus. A number of species that have the same principal characteristics.
Gib´bous. Swollen unequally—applied to the cap.
Gill. Lamella, a radiating plate under the cap of an Agaric.
Gla´brous. Smooth.
Glo´bose. Nearly round.
Gran´ular. Consisting of or covered with grains.
Grega´rions. Growing in groups.
Hab´itat. Place of growth.
Homoge´neous. Of like nature.
Hyme´nium. The fruit-bearing surface, a continuous layer of spore mother cells.
Hy´phæ (singular Hypha). Elementary threads of a fungus, cylindrical, thread-like bodies, developing by growth at the apex.
Im´bricated. Overlapping like the tiles of a roof.
Incras´sated. Thickened.
Inferior. Applied to a ring that is far down on the stem.
Infundibuliform. Funnel-shaped.
Involute. Rolled inward.
Labyrin´thine. Like a labyrinth.
Lac´erate. Torn.
Lamel´la. See gill.
Line. 1/12 of an inch.
Mac´ulate. Spotted.
Me´dial or median. When the ring is situated in the middle of the stem.
Membrana´ceous. Thin, soft, like a membrane.
Mica´ceous. Covered with shining particles, like mica.
Mother cell. A cell from which another is derived.
Myce´lium. The vegetative part of fungi, commonly called the spawn.
Mycol´ogist. One who is versed in the study of fungi.
Obo´vate. Having the broad end turned toward the top.
Ob´solete. Nearly imperceptible.
Obtuse. Blunt.
Ochra´ceous. Light brownish-yellow.
Ovate. Egg-shaped.
Par´asite. A plant growing on another living body, from which it gains its nourishment.
Pel´licle. See cuticle.
Peren´nial. Growing from year to year.
Perid´ium. The outer covering of the spores in some fungi, as in puff-balls.
Peridi´olum. The inside peridium containing the spores.
Pi´leus. See cap.
Pir´iform or pyriform. Pear-shaped.
Plane. Level surface.
Pores. The tubes in Polyporei.
Poste´rior. Term applied to the end of the gill next to the stem.
Pru´inose. Covered with a bloom or powder.
Pulver´ulent. Covered with powder or dust.
Putres´cent. Decaying.
Rad´icating. Taking root.
Retic´ulated. Marked with cross lines like a net.
Rev´olute. Rolled upward or backward.
Ri´mose. Cracked.
Rim´ulose. Covered with small cracks.
Ring. Annulus.
Riv´ulose. Marked with lines like rivers in maps.
Rotund´. Round.
Ru´gose. Wrinkled.
Sap´id. Agreeable to the taste.
Sap´rophyte. A plant that lives on decaying matter.
Scab´rous. Rough.
Scis´sile. Easily split.
Sep´arating. Spoken of gills when they easily separate from the stem.
Ses´sile. Stemless.
Sin´uate. Wavy, A gill that has a sudden curve near the stem.
Sor´did. Dingy.
Spore. The same body that answers to the seed of flowering plants.
Spo´rophore. That part which bears the spores or spore mother cells.
Squa´mose. Scaly.
Stalk. A stipe or stem.
Stel´late. Star-shaped.
Stipe. See stalk.
Strobil´iform. Shaped like a pine-cone.
Stuffed. When a stem is filled with pith or a spongy substance.
Suc´culent. Juicy, fleshy.
Sul´cate. Grooved.
Supe´rior. Spoken of a ring that is high up on the stem.
Tes´sellated. In small squares, or checkered.
To´mentose. Covered with matted wool.
Tra´ma. The substance proceeding from and of like nature with the part that bears the hymenium—the framework of the gills.
Trem´elloid. Jelly-like.
Tu´bæform. Trumpet-shaped.
Umbil´icate. Having a central depression.
Um´bo. Arising or mound in the centre of the cap.
Veins. Swollen wrinkles on the sides and at the base between the gills.
Ven´tricose. Swelling in the middle.
Ver´nicose. Varnished.
Vil´lose. Covered with weak, soft hairs.
Vires´cent. Greenish.
Vir´gate. Streaked.
Vis´cid. Sticky.
Vis´cous. Gluey.
Zones. Circular bands of color.