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Seven Mohave Myths

by A. L. Kroeber

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Song Scheme and Narrative Outline

As usual for Mohave myths, a list of song topics also provides a sort of skeleton or framework of the story, and, although somewhat imperfectly, it serves conveniently as an outline of the plot.

The list that follows is in a sense the informant’s. Wherever he said: “one song,” or “four songs here,” a paragraph has been terminated. The sections thus indicated by him normally deal with a single episode or thought, and are presented as consecutively numbered paragraphs. The only departure I have made from this procedure has been to break a paragraph into “a” and “b” when its first part consists of the conclusion of an incident without songs, and its second part deals with a new incident to which there are songs; as, 1a, 1b, 7a, 7b, etc. This minor formal device in the interest of clarity in the outline of the tale makes it that there are 111 actual paragraphs of narrative as against 104 numbered ones.

The informant listed 182 songs as due to be sung at the 104 stations or stages of incident: an average of less than two per station. This is low for Mohave song-narratives. There was only a single song for 54 stations, or more than half of them. He sang two songs at 38 stations, three at five, four and five at three each, and ten songs only once, at the next to final incident of the story.

The narrative breaks naturally into sections or chapters of unequal length. To these I have given titles, and have entered these captions, for convenience of orientation, both in the text of the narrative and in the song scheme outline. The latter follows.

The Cane Song Scheme

ParagraphSongs
A. Placement in the Cosmogony
1a..Kamaiavêta killed
B. Two Brothers Go Off
1b4At Avikwame: parts of the house
23To North: Ground-squirrel
32A little north. Rat
43Rat eaten; house built
51Uncle “Yellow-Pima” joins the brothers
61Betting arrows
7a..Corn and wheat from east
C. They Get Wives
7b1Girl in west has hwetše-hwetše bird
81Quarrel over the girl
91Tšitšuvare gets her
101Bring her to uncle
11a..He sends them to Sun in east
11b2Cock sings in cage
12a..Tšitšuvare gets Sun’s daughter
12b2About her house
132About the stars
141She grinds corn
152Uncle sends them north for a third wife; yellowhammer in cage
161Pukehane gets her
17a..Uncle sends them south
17b1Hotokoro in cage
18a..Bring fourth wife
D. Quarrel over Cane: Elder Kills Younger
18b1Go for cane
191Find cane
201Quarrel for butt
212Elder makes knife to cut cane
222They fight over it
231Return home
241Elder makes younger ill
251Elder spoils younger’s birds
261Nume-peta arrives for the death
271Younger tells of his bones
281Killed by elder and Nume-peta
E. Birth of the Hero Ahta-hane
291Younger brother’s son sings inside his mother
301The unborn child makes rain
311He emerges
321Spared because disguised as girl
331Suckled as if a girl
F. Shinny Game with Father’s Foes
342Shinny played with his father’s kneecap
352Boy grieves, sends his mother away
361Steals the shinny ball
372Knocks it west as meteor into mountains
G. Journey South to Sea
381Crosses river on four sand piles
392Sleeping at Qara’êrve, wakened by birds
401South to Selye’aya-kumītše
412Frightened by rattlesnake at Hanyo-kumasθeve
425Wears snake as belt, sees wildcats at Kamahnūlye
431Met by horsefly at Aha-kuminye
441Hummingbird nest at Hotūrveve
451On southward to Sampulya-kwuvare
461Wants cooling clouds as he goes east up Sacramento Wash
471Cloudy as he goes south to Gourd Mountain
481Proceeding south
495To Screw-mesquite spring at Akokehumī mountain
502To petrified dancers at Ahwaṭa-kwimātše
512Finds wild grapes at Kuhultoṭve
521Eastward up Bill Williams Fork, meets badger
531South again to Avi-su’ukwilye, watches jack rabbit
543South along sand ridge to Avi-melyehwêke
552After sleeping, north to Avi-hupo
561Northerly to river at Selye’aya-‘ita
573Crosses on sand piles to Kuvukwīlye
581South to Aha-kumiθe spring
591On south to Earth-Mouth gap
601On to Tôske
611On to Goosefoot mesa
622Near Yuma land, sees cane in bottoms
631Breaks off cane, travels on down past Cocopa Mountains
643To Gulf of California, sees surf and crane
652Plays with sea shells
662East along shore, sees ducks
672Sees Hatōmpa’auve monster in lagoon
681Turns inland northeast to catsclaw acacias
H. Marriage, and Contests with Meteor and Sun
695Tracks of four women in desert
702Reaches their empty house, hides as piece of cane
712Returning, the sisters are warned of him by the eldest
722Youngest sister finds him, rotten
732Eldest revives him
741Feeds him tobacco
754Women go gathering, warn him of their husband Meteor
762Meteor comes, fails to kill him, gives tobacco
772Meteor leaves, Sun comes, wants to gamble
781Sun loses belongings, then body, escapes to sky
792Boy inspects his winnings
802His mirror shows him he is ugly
814Beautiful from diving, he is found and wanted by the four women
82a..Selects the eldest
I. Return to Mother, Half-Brother, and Father’s Ghost
82b2Going homeward, he wishes rain to get rid of wives
831Repents, brings out sun
841Laughs at mud in wives’ sandals
851The wives wear frog-shaped shell-gorgets
862Mother’s masohwat bird flies to meet him
872Reunion with his mother
881He tells her what happened
891She calls the wives daughters-in-law
902Boy questions his mother’s father (another Sun)
912Goes east to get lightning cane
921Travels east to war on father’s relatives
931Meets his half-brother
942They identify their relationship
951Mourn together
962Call up their dead father
J. Revenge on Father’s Foes
971Traveling north again to father’s killers
982Foe sends messenger to meet at Qara’êrve
992Conditions of contest arranged
1001Old man Yellow-Pima embraces both boys
1011Hero boy wins the contest
1022Destroys foes with his cane lightning
K. Transformation
10310Transforms wives and mother into Pleiades, brother and old man into birds
1042Flies south as meteor, turns into rock Mêkoaṭa by river

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