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Seven Mohave Myths

by A. L. Kroeber

26 of 29 · Contents · Download EPUB

The Lists of Manufactured Words

The most concise analysis of the counts in paragraphs 44-47 of the story is given by a comparative tabulation such as follows. With its subjoined notes, this table probably is as explanatory of the processes followed in the distortions as is possible in the present lack of analytic understanding of the Mohave language.

First trySecond tryThird tryFinal
1.si-ntšsi-nyeha-TESAseto
2.tšeku-va-ntšmi-va-nyeha-KIVAhavika
3.tšeka-mu-ntšmi-ma-nyeha-KOMAhamoka
4.tšeka-pa-ntšmi-pa-nyetšim-KAPAtšimpapa
5.tšeka-θarami-ra-nyeθa-PARAθarapa
6.*umo-tami-*yu-šTIN-yesīnta
mi-*ka-š
7.ku-*tšye-tanya-va-hak-umše-KIVEvīka
8.*koa-tšanya-va-mok-umKUMmūka
9.*kwisannya-tšu-paia-YAVEpāye
10.*noenya-va-*lia-PAREarrapa
nya-va-*lak

Underlined: jingle increments.

CAPITALS: metathesized parts.

* Asterisks: stems or bases not found in any Yuman language (except possibly 6, *umo-, cf. Yuma xumxuk; 7, -*tšye-, cf. Yuma pāx-kyê-k).

Remaining syllables are those parts of normal Mohave count words which have survived the playful mutilations. They are of course not the etymological bases, except sometimes by accident.

2, 3, 4 in actual Mohave appear also as havik, hamok, tšimpapk.

The made-up directional names, paragraph 49, do not yield to analysis or relate to the standard forms.

TrialStandard
ha-YE-mematha-k
ha-KYE-mekavei-k
ha-yi-meinyohave-k
ha-yi-KEanya-k

The trial names for tribes, paragraph 51, are built around the accented syllable of the normal Mohave form of the name. To this is prefixed ham-, followed by the vowel -a- or -i-. This prefix may possibly be taken from the Mohaves’ name for themselves, Hamakhava or Hamakhave. There is also a suffix -vek; which may or may not be suggested by the final syllable of Hamakhave and Tšimuveve. These devices yield a list that jingles with initial and final rhymes: but the parts seem unetymological.

Trial nameMohave name
Ham-a-PAI-vekWalya-PAI (Hoalya-paya)
Yava-PAI (Yava-paya)
Ham-i-VE-vekTšimu-VE-ve
Ham-i-TŠAN-vekKwi-TŠAN-(a)
Ham-i-AI-vekKam-i-A(I) (Kamia)
Ham-a-HA-vekHam-ak-HA-ve

Underlined: jingle increments.

CAPITALS: retained accented syllable of real name.

The concocted names of objects having to do with preparation of food seem not to be made by jingles or twistings, but to be descriptive ritualistic circumlocutions somewhat like the long compound names of myth personages. I cannot translate most of them; but there are a few indications. The large tšuvave cook pot is called umas-te-hamoka because it rests on three (hamoka) supports in the fire. Katela, a double-pointed parching bowl, is spoken of as umas-eyavkwa-havik, the last element meaning two. The frequent prefix umas-occurs in the names of many myth personages; it seems to be a form of humar, child; why it is used here is obscure. Umas-ekyire seems to be a distortion of karri’i, the usual word for basket. Tšamatš-ke-hutšatš for tšamatš, food, suggests Pa-hutšatš, another name for Mastamho, as in paragraphs 73-75; also his name in the Goose myth (Handbook, p. 767). The name may mean “food person.”

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