Dialogues in French and English

[Caxton’s Dialogues]

[Or ‘A Book for Travellers,’ Typ. Ant. I. 315: Or ‘A Vocabulary,’ Blades, Ii. 133.]

[Table of Contents.]

FRENSSHE.		ENGLISSH.
Cy commence la table		Hier begynneth the table
De cest prouffytable doctrine,		Of this prouffytable lernynge,
Pour trouuer tout par ordene		For to fynde all by ordre
Ce que on vouldra aprendre.		That whiche men wylle lerne.	4
———
[PAGE]
Premierment, linuocacion de la trinite;	3	Fyrst, the callyng of the trinite;
	Comment on doibt chescun saluer;	4	How every man ought grete othir;
Les meubles aual la mayson;	6	The catayllys langyng to the house;	8
Les noms des chars & de beestes1; 1 beestis	10	The names of flessh and of bestis;
Et doysiaulz priues & sauuages;	10	And of byrdes tame and wylde;
Les noms des poyssons de mer;	11	The names of fysshes of the see;
Et des poyssons des Ryuiers;	12	And of fysshes of the Riuers;	12
Les noms de compenaiges;	12	The names of whyte mete;
Les noms des fruis darbres;	13	The names of the fruytes of trees;
Les noms des pluiseurs arbres;	13	The names of diuerse trees;
Les noms des potages;	13	The names of potages;	16
Les noms des communs beuurages;	14	The names of comyn drynkes;
La marchandyse des draps	14	The marchandise of clothe
Des diuerses villes et festes;	18	Of diuerse tounes and fayres;
Les marchandises des laines;	19	The marchandyse of wulle;	20
Les noms des cuyrs & des peaulx;	19	The names of hydes and of skynnes;
Les noms des apotecaires;	19	The names of the apotecaries;
Les noms des Oyles,	20	The names of Oyles,
Des coleurs des paintres;	20	Of the colours of paynters;	24
Les noms des crasseries,	20	The names of coriars,
Des aluns et daultres tainctures;	20	Of alume and of othir colours;
Les noms des tous metauls;	21	The names of all metals;
Les noms des merceries;	21	The names of merceryes;	28
Les noms des pluiseurs graines;	22	The names of diuerse graynes;
Des prelats de saincte eglyse,	22	Of the prelates of holy chirche,
Du pape, cardinaulz, euesques,	22	Of the pope, cardinals, bisshops,
Archeuesques, abbes, et officiaulx,	23	Archebisshops, abbotes, and officials,	4
Des moynes et gens de lordene;	23	Of monkes and folke of ordre;
De lempereur, roys, et roynes,	22	Of themperour, kynges, and quenes,
Des ducs, countes, et princes,	24	Of dukes, erles, and princes,
Barons, cheualiers, escuyers;	24	Barons, knyghtes, and squyers;	8
Les noms dhommes et des femmes,	25	The names of men and of wymmen,
Et des mestiers, selon lordre de a b c;	26	And of craftes, after thordre of a b c;
	Les grandes festes et termes de lan;		28	The grete festes and termes of the yere;	12
Des orfeures, tisserans, & foulons1, 1 foulous		31	Of goldsmythes, weuers, and fullers,
Tondeurs, pigneresses, fileresses;	32	Sheremen, kempsters, spynsters;
Des lormiers et armurers,	33	Of bridelmakers and armorers,	16
Des tailliers & Vieswariers,	34	Of tayllours and vpholdsters,
Des taincturiers2 & drappiers, 2 taiuc-	35	Of dyers and drapers,
Des boulengiers & cordewaniers,	35	Of bakers and shoomakers,
Des escripuains & arceniers,	36	Of skriueners and boumakers,	20
Des moulniers & bouchiers,	37	Of mylnars and bochiers,
Des poissonners & teliers,	38	Of fysshmongers and of lynweuers,
Des chaudeliers3 & libraries, 3 chan-	38	Of ketelmakers and librariers,
Des gauntiers & corbelliers,	40, 38	Of glouers and of maundemakers,	24
Des painturers & vsuriers,	39	Of paintours and vsuriers,
Des couureurs de tieulles & destrain,	40	Of tylers and thatchers,
Des charpentiers & feultriers,	39	Of carpenters and hatmakers,
Des chauetiers et boursiers,	41	Of cobelers and pursers,	28
Des cousturiers et especiers,	42	Of shepsters and spycers,
Des coultiers et hosteliers,	42	Of brokers and hosteliers,
Des touriers et cuueliers,	43	Of kepars of prisons and coupers,
Des mesuriers et messagiers,	44	Of metars and messagiers,	32
Des chartons et changiers,	45	Of carters and chaungers,
Des monnoyers et pastesiers,	45	Of myntemakers and pybakers,
Des jougleurs & teneurs,	46	Of pleyers and tawyers,
Des vairriers et serruriers,	46	Of makers of greywerke and lokyers,	36
Des gorliers et huchiers,	46	Of gorelmakers and joyners,
Des parcenniers;	47	Of parchemyn makers;
Et les parolles que chescun	49	And the wordes that eueryche
Pourra apprendre pour aler		May lerne for to goo	40

CONTENTS. OBJECT OF THE BOOK. PROLOGUE.

Dun pays au ville a aultre;	49	Fro one lande or toune to anothir;
Et plus aultres raysons		And moo othir resons
Que seroyent trop longues		That shold be over longe
De mettre en cest table.		To sette in this table.	4
En la fin de cest doctrine	50	In the ende of this doctrine
Trouueres1 la maniere 1 Trouuerers		Shall ye fynde the manere
Pour aprendre acompter	51	For to lerne rekene
Par liures, par soulz, par deniers.		By poundes, by shelynges, by pens.	8
Vostre recepte et vostre myse		Your recyte and your gyuing oute
Raportes tout en somme.		Brynge it all in somme.
Faittes diligence daprendre.		Doo diligence for to lerne.
Fuyes oyseusete, petyz et grandes,		Flee ydlenes, smal and grete,	12
Car tous vices en sount sourdans.		For all vices springen therof.
——— ———
Tres bonne doctrine		Ryght good lernyng
Pour aprendre		For to lerne
Briefment fransoys et engloys.		Shortly frenssh and englyssh.	16

---

OV Et du filz,	In the name of the fadre,
	And of the soone,
Et du sainte esperite,	And of the holy ghoost,
Veul commencier	I wyll begynne	20
Et ordonner ung livre,	And ordeyne this book,
Par le quel on pourra	By the whiche men shall mowe
Roysonnablement entendre	Resonably vnderstande
Fransoys et engloys,	Frenssh and englissh,	24
Du tant comme cest escript	Of as moche as this writing
Pourra contenir et estendre;	Shall conteyne and stratche;
Car il ne peult tout comprendre;	For he may not alle comprise;
Mais ce quon ny trouuera	But that which can not be founden	28
Declaire en cestui	Declared in this
Pourra on trouuer ailleurs,	Shall be founde somwhere els,
En aultres liures.	In othir bookes.
Mais sachies pour voir	But knowe for trouthe	32
Que es lignes de cest aucteur	That in the lynes of this auctour
Sount plus de parolles et de raysons	Ben moo wordes and reasons
Comprinses, et de responses,	Comprised, and of ansuers,
Que2 en moult daultres liures. 2 Qne	Than in many othir bookes.	36
Qui ceste liure vouldra aprendre	Who this booke shall wylle lerne
Bien pourra entreprendre	May well entreprise or take on honde

THIS IS A TRADER’S HANDBOOK. HOW TO SALUTE FOLK.

Marchandises dun pays a lautre,	Marchandises fro one land to anothir,
Et cognoistre maintes denrees	And to knowe many wares
Que1 lui seroient bon achetes 1 Qne	Which to hym shalbe good to be bouȝt
		4
Ou vendues pour riche deuenir.	Or solde for riche to become.
Aprendes ce liure diligement;	Lerne this book diligently;
Grande prouffyt y gyst vrayement.	Grete prouffyt lieth therin truly.
[CH. I.]
OR scaues quil affiert Quil ait du tout vne partie.	NOw knowe what behoueth That he haue of alle a partie.	8
		Quand vous alles par les rues,	Whan ye goo by the streetes,
Et vous encountres aulcuns	And ye mete ony
Que vous cognossies,	That ye knowe,	12
Ou2 quilz soyent de vostre cognoissaunce, 2 On	Or that they be of your knowelech,
		Soyes ysnel et apparaillies	Be swyft and redy
De luy ou deulx premier saluer,	Hym or hem first to grete,	16
Sil est ou sils sount hommes de valeur.	Yf he be or they be men of valure.
Ostes vostre chappron	Doo of your hood
Pour dames & damoysellys;	For ladies and damoyselles;
Se ilz ostent leur chaperon,	Yf they doo of their hood,	20
Sy le remettes de vous mayns.	So sette it on agayn with your handis.
En telle maniere	In such manere
Les poes saluer:	May ye salewe them:
“Sire, dieu vous garde!”	“Syre, god you kepe!”	24
Cest le plus bryef	That is the shortest
Que on puise dyre	That one may saye
Aux gens en saluant.	To the peple in salewyng.
Ou, en aultres vsages:—	Or, in othir vsages:—	28
“Syre, vous soyes bien venus.”	“Sire, ye be welcome.”
“Vous, dame ou damoyselle,	“Ye, lady or damoyselle,
Vous soyes la bien venu.”	Ye ben welcome.”
“Sire, dieu vous doinst bon jour.”	“Syre, god gyue you good daye.”	32
“Dame, bon jour vous doinst nostre sire.”	“Dame, good daye giue you our lord.”
		“Compaignon ou amye,	“Felawe or frende,
Vous soies le bien venus.”	Ye be welcome.”	36
“Que faictes vous? comment vous est?”	“What do ye? how is it with you?”
		“Bien; que bien vous aies.”	“Well; that well mote ye haue.”
“Ou aues este si longement?	“Where haue ye ben so longe?	40

SALUTATIONS. HOW TO TAKE LEAVE OF FOLK.

Je ne vous vey piecha.”	I haue not seen you in longe tyme.”
“Jay este longement hors du pays.”	“I haue ben longe out of the contre.”
“En quel pays?”	“In what contre?”
“Sire, ce seroit	“Syre, that shold be	4
Trop a racompter;	Ouermoche for to telle;
Mais sil vous plaist aulcune chose	But if you plaise ony thyng
Que ie puisse fayre,	That I may doo,
Commandes le moy	Commaunde it me	8
Comme a celuy	As to hym
Qui volentiers le feroit.”	That gladly shall doo it.”
“Sire, grand mercy	“Syre, gramercy
De vous courtoyses parolles	Of your courtoys wordes	12
Et de vostre bonne volente;	And of your good wyll;
Dieu le vous mire!”	God reward you!”
“Dieu le me laisse deseruyr!	“God late me deserue it!
Sachies certainement1 1 certaineint	Knowe ye certaynely	16
Que vous ne y estes	That ye be not
Point engaignies2, 2 eugaignies	Nothyng deceyued5, 5 deceyned
Car ce vous feroye ie,	For that wold I doo
Pour vous et pour les vostres.	For you and for youris.	20
A dieu vous comande.	To god I you commaunde.
Je prenge congie3 a vous.” 3 cougie	I take leue of you.”
Respondes ainsi:	Ansuere thus:
“Nostre sire vous conduyse!”	“Our lorde conduyte you!”	24
“A dieu soyes vous comandes!”	“To god mote ye be commaunded!”
“Dieu vous ait en sa sainte garde!”	“God you haue in his holy kepyng!”
“Allez a dieu4. 4 dien	“Goo ye to god.
Salues moy la dame	Grete me the lady	28
(Ou la damoyselle)	(Or the damyselle)
De vostre mayson	Of your house
(Ou de vostre hostel),	(Or of your heberow),
Vostre femme, vous enfans,	Your wyf, your children,	32
Vostre mary,	Your husbonde,
Vostre fyltz et vous filles,	Your sones and your doughtres,
Toute vostre maisnye.	Alle your meyne.
Si me recomandes	Also recommaunde me	36
A mon seigneur,	To my lorde,
A mes damoyseauls,	To my yong lordes,
A ma dame,	To my lady,
A ma damoyselle,	To my yong lady,	40

TAKING LEAVE. WINDOWS, BEDS AND BEDDING.

A vostre pere et a vostre mere,	To your fadre and to your modre,
A vostre tayon et a vostre taye,	To your belfadre & to your beldame,
A vostre oncle et a vostre aunte,	To your eme & to your aunte,
A vostre cosyns et a vostre cosynes,	To your cosyns and to your nieces,	4
A vous cousyns germains,	To your cosyns germayns,
A vostre nepheux & a vostre nieces,	To your neueus & to your nieces,
Qui sont enfans de vostre frere	Whiche ben children of your brother
Ou de vostre soeur.	Or of your suster.	8
Vous freres, vous soeurs,	Your brethern, your sustres,
Ne loublies mye.”	Forgete them not.”
“Je le vous feray voulentiers.	“I shal do it for you gladly.
A dieu vous command.”	To god I commaunde you.”	12
“Or alles a dieu.”	“Now goo to god.”
Cy finent les salutations	Thus enden the salutations
Et les responses.	And the ansueris.
[CH. II.]
OR mestoet auant parler Daultres choses necessaires:	NOw standeth me for to speke Of othir thynges necessarie:	16
		Cest a sauoyr des besongnes	That is to saye of thinges
Que on vse aual le maison,	That ben vsed after the hous,
De quoy on ne peult synon.	Of whiche me may not be withoute.	20
De la maison premiers diray,	Of the hous first I shall saye,
En auenture, se besoing est.	On auenture, if it be to doo.
La maison bien ordonne	The hous well ordeyned
Doybt estre bien fenestree	Ought to be well wyndowed	24
De pluiseurs fenestres	Of diverse wyndowes
Par quoy il ait grand clarte.	By which it haue grete light.
Il y affiert aux chambres	Hit behoueth to the chambres
Solliers, greniers.	Loftes and garettis.	28
[CH. III.]
QVi vin veult maintenier Conuient auoir chielliers	WHo wyne wyll mayntene Behoueth to haue selers
		Et vne basse chambre	And a lowe chambre
Pour prendre aisement.	For to take his easement.	32
Ores vous conuient avoir lits;	Now must ye haue beddes;
Lyts des plummes;	Beddes of fetheris;
Pour les poures suz gesir,	For the poure to lye on,
Lyts de bourre;	Beddes of flockes;	36
Sarges, tapites,	Sarges, tapytes,
Kieultes poyntes	Quiltes paynted
Pour les lits couurir;	For the beddes to couere;
Couuertoyrs ainsi;	Couerlettes also;	40

BED-FURNITURE, POTS AND PANS, CANS AND BOTTLES.

Bankers qui sont beaulx;	Bankers that ben fayr;
Dessoubs le lite vng calys;	Under the bedde a chalon;
Estrain dedens;	Strawe therin;
Bancs, chaiers,	Benches, chayers,	4
Lesons, selles;	Lystes, stoles;
Pots de keuure, chaudrens,	Pottes of coppre, kawdrons,
Chaudiers, paiels,	Ketellis, pannes,
Bachins, lauoirs,	Basyns, lauours,	8
Pots de terre,	Pottes of erthe,
Cannes de terre	Cannes of erthe
Pour aller al eawe;	For to go to the watre;
Ces choses trouueres vous	Thise thinges shall ye fynde	12
En le potterye.	In the potterye.
Se vous aues de quoy,	Yf ye haue wherof,
Faittes que vous ayes	Doo that ye haue
Ouurages destain,	Werkes of tynne,	16
Pots destain1 et cannes, 1 de stain	Pottes of tynne and cannes,
Cannes de deux lots,	Cannes of two stope,
Cannes dun sestier,	Cannes of a sextier,
Lotz et demy lotz,	Stopes and half stopes,	20
Pintes et demy pintes.	Pintes and half pintes.
Ung lot est appelle	A stope is called
Eu aucun lieu2 vng quart. 2 ancun lien	In somme place a quarte.
Ce sont les mesures	Thise ben the mesures	24
Que je3 scay nommer: 3 ye	That I can name:
Mais les bouteilles	But the botellis
Destain, de boz, de cuir,	Of tyn, of wode, of lether,
Treuue on de toutes manieres.	Men fynd of all maneris.	28
Or vous conuient auoir	Now must ye haue
Platteaux destain,	Platers of tyn,
Escuyelles, sausserons,	Disshes, saussers,
Sallieres, trenchores;	Sallyers, trenchours;	32
Ces choses trouueres	Thise thinges shall ye fynde
De boz et de terre.	Of tree and of erthe.
Couuercles de keuuer,	Couercles of coppre,
De terre, et de fer,	Of erthe, and of yron,	36
Or apres vng esculier,	Now after a disshe fat,
La on met dedens	Where me leyeth therin
Les deuantdittes choses.	The forsaid thinges.
Les louches de boz,	And the spones of tree,	40

FURNITURE, UTENSILS, PLATE AND CLOTHING.

Les louches dargent,	The spones of siluer,
Metton la on veult,	That dooe2 men where they wylle, 2 dooo
En plus seure garde.	In most sure kepyng.
Le louche de pot entour le feu;	The ladle of the pot about the fyre;	4
Trepiet pour asseoir sus;	Treuet for to sette it on;
Sur laistre appertient	Vpon the herthe belongeth
Laigne ou tourbes,	Woode or turues,
Deux brandeurs de fer,	Two andyrons3 of yron, 3 andyrous	8
Ung estenelle, ung greyl.	A tonge, a gredyron.
Ung grauwet,	A flessh hoke,
Coutieaulx pour taillier	Knyues for to cutte
Ce quon vouldra,	That what me shall wylle,	12
Ung couttel de poree	A choppyng knyf
Pour taillier la poree.	for to choppe wortes.
Hanaps dargent,	Cuppes of silver,
Hanaps dorees,	Cuppes gylte,	16
Coupes door,	Couppes of goold,
Hanaps a pies;	Cuppes with feet;
Ces choses mettes	Thise things set ye
En vostre huche ou escrijn;	In your whutche or cheste;	20
Vos joyaulx en vostre forchier	Your jewellis in your forcier
Que on ne les emble.	That they be not stolen.
Plente des linchieux,	Plente of shetes,
Nappes, touwailles.	Bordclothes, towellis.	24
Pour faire a nous aulx	For to make to us garlyk
Et saulses parmi le stamine,	And sauses thorugh the strayner,
Vous conuient1 auoir 1 connient	Ye muste haue
Ung mortier, ung pestiel.	A morter, a pestyll.	28
A la perche pendent vos vestures,	On the perche hongen your clothes,
Manteaulx, scurcorps,	Mantellis, frockes,
Heuques, clocques,	Heukes, clokes,
Cottes, pourpoints,	Cotes, doblettes,	32
Vestures, fourrures,	Clothes, furres,
Vestures diuer et deste;	Wynter clothes and of somer;
Les oreilliers sur le lite;	The pelowes on the bedde;
Sur le queuerchief	Upon the keuerchief	36
Chemises, brayes,	Chertes, briches,
A tout le braieul.	With the pauntcher4. 4 panutcher
Quand vous estes desvestues	Whan ye be vnclothed
On treuue fourrures	Me fyndeth furres	40

FURS, WHITE MEATS, WIFE, PARENTS AND CHILDREN.

Descurieus1, daigneaulx, 1 Descuriens	Of beuers and of lombes,
Plichons de lieures et de conins.	Pylches of hares and of conyes.
Mettes en le tresoier	Sette into the cupbort
Vostre pain, vostre fourmage,	Your brede, your chese,	4
Vostre bure, vostre viande,	Your butter, your mete,
Et aultres companages,	And othir white mete,
Le relief de la table.	The leuynge of the table.
Faictes quil y aist du seel	Doo that ther be salte	8
Et des voires.	And glases.
Cy fine le tierce chapitle.	Here endeth the thirde chapitre.
[CH. IV.]
OR entendes, petys & grands, Je vous dirai maintenant	Now understande, litell and grete, I shall saye you right forth
		12
Dune aultre matere	Of an othir matere
La quele ie comence.	The whiche I wyll begynne.
Se vous estes maries,	Yf ye be maried,
Et vous aues femme,	And ye haue a wyfe,	16
Et vous ayes marye,	And ye haue a husbonde,
Se vous maintenes paisiblement,	So mayntene you pesibly,
Que vous voisins ne disent	That your neyghbours saye not
De vous fors que bien:	Of you othirwyse than well:	20
Ce seroit virgoingne.	Hit shold be shame.
Se vous aues pere & mere,	If ye haue fader and moder
Si les honnoures tousiours;	So worshippe them alleway;
Faictes leur honneur;	Doo to hem worshipp;	24
Deportes les;	Forbere them;
Car selon le commandement	For after the commaundement
Et conseil de cathon,	And the counseill of cathon,
Les doibt en honnourer;	Men ought to worshippe them;	28
Car il dist en son liure:	For he saith in his booke:
“Honnoure pere & mere.”	“Worshippe fader and moder.”
Se vous aues enfans,	Yf ye haue children,
Si les chastoyes de la verge,	So chastyse them with the rodde,	32
Et les instrues	And enforme them
De bonnes meurs	With good maners
Le temps quilz soient jofnes;	the tyme that they be yong;
Les envoyes a lescole	Sende them to the scole	36
Aprendre lire et escripre,	To lerne rede and to write,
quilz ne resambloient bestes.	That they resemble not bestis.
Soyes debonnair	Be ye buxom
Enuers touttes gens—	Vnto alle folke—	40

MARGARET IS SENT TO THE BUTCHER’S AND POULTERER’S.

Enuers vous seruans:	Vnto your seruaunts:
Penses quilz soyent	Thynke that they be
Aussi bons comme vous;	As good as ye;
Ne le despites point.	Despyse them not.	4
Comandes eux vostre volente	Commaunde them your wyll
En tele maniere:	In suche manere:
	“Margret, take of the siluer,
Va a la boucherye,	Goo to the flesshshamels,	8
Sy achates de lechar.”	Bye ther of the flessh.”
Celle respondera:	She shall ansuer agayn:
“Quelles chars voules vous?	“What flesshe wyll ye?
Voules vous chars de porc	Wylle ye flessh of porke	12
A le verde saulsse?	With the grene sauce?
Char du buef salle	Flessh of bueff salted
Serra bonne a la moustard;	Shall be good with the mustard;
La Fresshe aux aulx.	The fressh with gharlyk.	16
Se mieulx ames	Yf ye better loue
Char de mouton1 ou daigniel, 1 monton	Flessh of moton or of lambe,
De genise ou de viel,	Of an hawgher or of a calfe,
soit rosty ou au browet,	Is it rosted, orels with browet,	20
Je lachateray voulentiers.”	I shall bye it with good wyll.”
“Nennil2, mais achatte 2 Nenuil	“Nay, but bye
Char de bachon ou de chieuerel;	Flessh of bacon or of a gheet;
Si nous bargaigne	So chepe for vs	24
De la venyson,	Of the venyson,
Soyt de porc sengler,	Be it of wylde boor,
Soyt de serf ou de bisse;	Be it of herte, of hyndecalf;
Sy latourne au noir poiure	Dyght it with broun pepre	28
Quand tu larras achatte.	Whan thou shalt haue bought it.
	Goo into the pultrie,
Achatte de poulletis,	Bye poullettis,
Une poulle & deux pouchins,	One poullet & two chekens,	32
Mais nulle chappon	But no capon
Ne nul coc napportes,	Ne no cocke bringe not,
Ne plouuier,	Ne plouier,
Wydecos, roussignoulz,	Wodecoks, nyghtyngalis,	36
Maussons, masanges,	Sparowes, meesen,
Auwes, annettes,	Ghees, doukes,
Coulons, piuions,	Dowues, pygeons,
Boutoirs, tourterolles,	Butores, turtellis,	40

BIRDS; BEASTS BAD TO EAT, AND NOT EATEN; FISHES.

Limoges, pertris,	Heth hennes, partrichs,
Alouwes, paons,	Larkes, pecoks,
Chuynes, cignes,	Storkes, swannes,
Vieses gelines:—	Olde hennes:—	4
IE suis malade, Tel char me greueroit;	I am seeke, Suche flessh shold greue me;
		Je ne le poroye digerer.”	I shall not mowe dygeste it.”
“Sire, vous men aues	“Syre, ye haue to me	8
Biaucop plus nommes	Many mo named
Que ien cuide achatter.	Than I wende to bye.
Vous estes si tenres,	Ye be so tendre,
Vous pourries maisement	Ye may euyll	12
Menger char de cheuaulx,	Ete flessh of horses,
De tors, de muletz,	Of bulles, of mules,
De poutrains, de iuments.”	Of coltes, of mares.”
Encores sont aultres bestes	Yet ben ther othir bestes	16
Dont on na cure de mengier:	Wherof men recche not to ete:
Loups, reynards, fouines,	Wulues, foxes, fichews,
Olifans, lupars, catz,	Olifaunts, lupardis, cattes,
Singes, asnes, chiens.	Apes, asses, houndes.	20
Ourse mengue on bien;	A bere, men ete well;
Si faitton chieures.	So doo men ghotes.
On ne mengue point	Men ete not
Aigles, griffons,	Eygles, griffons,	24
Espreuiers, faucons,	Sperhawkes, faucons,
Oistoirs, escouffles.	Haukes, kytes.
Des bestes venimeuses:—	Of bestes venemous:—
Serpens, lasartz, scorpions,	Serpentes, lizarts, scorpions,	28
Mouches, veers;	Flies, wormes;
Qui de ces veers sera morse	Who of thise wormes shall be byten
Il luy fauldra triacle;	He must have triacle;
Se ce non, il en moroit.	Yf not that, he shall deye.	32
Or apres ores des poissons.	Now herafter shall ye here of fissh.
DEs Les noms daulcuns,	OF the fisshes may ye here The names of somme,
		Non mie de trestouts,	Not of alle,	36
Car je ne les scauroye	For I ne wote not
Comment tres tous cognoistre1; 1 coguoistre	How alle to knowe;
Ainsi ne font les maronners.	Also ne doo not the maroners.
Premiers des poissons de mer:	First of fisshes of the see:	40

NAMES OF SEA AND RIVER-FISH, AND OF WHITE MEATS.

De la mer vous viennent	Fro the see to you come
Balainnes, porc de mer,	Whales, pourpays,
Cabellau, plays, esclefins,	Coddelyng, plays, haddoks,
Sugles, rayes,	Sooles, thornbaks,	4
Merlens, esparlens, rouges,	Whityng, sprotte, rogettis,
Maqueriaulx, mulets,	Makerell, molettis,
Bresmes, aloses, esturgeon,	Bremes, alouses, sturgeon,
Frescz herencs, congres,	Fressh hering, congres,	8
Herencs sorees.	Reed heeryng.
Daultre poissons	Of othir fisshes
De riuieres, mengíes:	Of the river, ete:
Carpres, anguilles,	Carpes, eelis,	12
Lu[c]es, becques, becquets,	Luses, pikes, pikerellis,
Tenques, perques,	Tenches, perches,
Roches, creuiches,	Roches, creuyches,
Loques, gouuions,	Loches, gogeorns,	16
Saulmon de pluiseurs maniers,	Samon of diuerse maners,
Saulmon de la meuse,	Samon of the mase,
Saulmon de scoche,	Samon of scotland,
Garnars, oysters, moules.	Shrimpes, oystres, muskles.	20
Qui plus en scet plus, en nomme;	Who knoweth more, name he more;
Car ie ne scay de plus parler.	For I ne knowe no more to speke.
OR Et ce quon en fait.	NOw name we the white mete And that wherof is made.
		24
Premierment laict et bure,	First mylke and butter,
Fromages dengletere,	Chese of englond,
Fromages de champayne,	Chese of champayne,
De brye, de berghes,	Of brye, of berowe,	28
De vaches, de brebys,	Of kien, of sheep,
Fromages de chieueres;	Chese of gheet;
Oefs de gelynes, dauwe,	Egges of hennes, of ghees,
Oefs dannettes.	Egges of dokes.	32
De laict et doefs	Of mylke and of egges
Faitton flans;	Men make flawnes;
De laict1 bouly a le flour 1 laicts	Of mylke soden with the flour
Faitton rastons,	Men make printed cakes,	36
Et de chars pastees;	And of flessh pasteyes;
De craisme faitton bure;	Of kreme make me butter;
De laict de brebis	Of the mylke of sheep
Faitton gaufres;	Make men wafres;	40

NAMES OF FRUITS, TREES, HERBS, AND POT-HERBS.

Wasteletz, rastons,	Wastles, eyrekakis,
Furent oublies.	Were forgeten.
DE Poires, pommes, prounes,	OF fruit shall ye here named Peres, apples, plommes,
		4
Cherises, fourd[r]ines,	Cheryes, sloes,
Moures, freses, noix,	Morberies, strawberies, notes,
Pesques, nesples,	Pesshes, medliers,
Figes, roisin,	Fyggis, reysins,	8
Amandes, dades.	Almandes, dates.
LEs Porrier, pommier, cherisier,	THe names of trees: Pere tree, apple tree, cherye tree,
		Pesquier, figier, mourier,	Pesshe tree, fygtree, morbery tree,	12
Nesplier, prounier1, chesne, 1 pronnier	Medliertree, plomtree, ooke,
Fresne, gaucquier, Oliuier	Asshe, nokertree, olyuetree,
Saulx, espinier, palmier.	Wylough, thorne, palmetree.
Desoubz ces arbres	Vnder thise trees	16
Sont herbes souef2 flairans. 2 sonef	Ben herbes suete smellyng.
Il ya roses vermeilles, blances,	There ben roses reed, white,
Mente, confite, et graine,	Mynte, confyte, and grayne,
Fleurdelyts, ouppe,	Lelyes, hoppes,	20
Et hayes es prets.	And hedges in medowes.
Es boys sont3 les verdures, 3 sout	In wodes ben the verdures,
Grouseillers, grouselles,	Brembles, bremble beries,
Les treuue on souuent	Ther is founden ofte	24
En gardins sur les mottes.	In gardyns on the mottes.
Ens es preets est herbes	Within the medewis is the grasse
Dont4 on fait faing; 4 Dout	Wherof men make heye;
Sy a des cardons et ortyes;	So ben ther thistles and nettles;	28
Encore sont en les gardins	Yet ben in the gardynes
Rouges coulles et blanches,	Rede cool and white,
Porions, oignons5, 5 oiguons	Porreette, oynyons,
Betes, cherfeul, persin,	Betes, cheruyll, persely,	32
Saulge, ysope, tymon,	Sauge, ysope, tyme,
Laittues, pourcelaine,	Letews, porselane,
Querson, gelouffre,	Kersses, geloffres,
Naueaulx6, aulx, feneulle, 6 Naneaulx	Rapes, gharlyk, fenell,	36
Espinces, borages.	Spynache, borage.
CE Poys, feues;	THise ben the potages: Pesen, benes;
		Garnee quon fait de bled,	Furmente whiche is made of whete,	40

COMMON DRINKS.—MARCHANDISE OF CLOTHS.

Chaudel pour les malades,	Caudell for the seke,
Gruwell et porrees.	Growell and wortes.
CE sount les buuraiges: Vin de rin et dausay1, 1 dansay	THise ben the drynkes: Rynyssh wyn and of elzeter,
		4
Vin de beane et de germole,	Wyn of beane and of germole,
Vin fransoys et de spayne,	Frenssh wyn and of spayne,
Muskadel & bastard,	Muscadel and bastard,
Vin dosoye et de garnate,	Wyn of oseye and of garnade,	8
Vin de gascoyne,	Wyn of gascoyne,
Maluesye, romenye,	Malueseye, romeneye,
Vin cuit, vin gregois;	Wyn soden, wyn greek;
Ypocras & clarey sont fait	Ypocras and clarey ben made	12
De vin & bonnes espices;	Of wyn and good spices;
Blanc vin, vin vermeil, (Cx. mermeil)	White wyn, rede wyn,
Miel, mies,	Hony, mede,
Seruoise dangletere,	Ale of englond,	16
Seruoise dalemayne;	Byre of alemayne;
Sydre est fait de pommes;	Syther is made of apples;
Boulie est faitte	Boulye is made
Diauwe & de leuain,	Of water and of leuayn,	20
Et de tercheul.	And of wurte.
Fontaine boit on bien.	Welle watre drynke me well,
Liauwe boiuent les bestes;	Watre drynke the bestes;
Si bue2 on les toilles. 2 buc	So wesshe me with all lynnenclothis.	24
[CH. V.]
DAultres choses sauns attendre, Endementiers quil me souuient,	OF othir thinge withoute taryeng, Whiles that I remembre,
		Vous veul deuiser et aprendre.	I wyll to you deuise and teche.
Se vous voules bergaignier	Yf ye wyll bergayne	28
Draps ou aultres marchandisses,	Wullen cloth or othir marchandise,
Sy alles a le halle	So goo to the halle
Qui est ou marchiet;	Whiche is in the market;
Sy montes les degretz;	So goo vpon the steyres;	32
La trouueres les draps:	There shall ye fynde the clothes:
Draps mesles,	Clothes medleyed,
Rouge drap ou vert,	Red cloth or grene,
Bleu asuret,	Blyew y-asured,	36
Gaune, vermeil,	Yelow, reed,
Entrepers, moret,	Sad blew, morreey,
Royet, esquiekeliet,	Raye, chekeryd,
Saye blanche & bleu,	Saye white and blew,	40

HOW TO BUY CLOTH. HE TRIES TO BEAT HER DOWN.

Escarlate en grain.	Scarlet in grayne.
SY poes commencer Par tele salutation	SO may ye begynne By suche gretyng
		Comme il est en primier chapitle.	As it is in the first chapitre.	4
“Dame, que faittes vous laulne	“Dame, what hold ye the elle
De ces draps,	Of this cloth?
Ou que vault le drap entier?	Or what is worth the cloth hole?
Embrief parler, combien laulne?”	In shorte to speke, how moche thelle?”	8
“Sire, rayson;	“Syre, resone;
Ie vous en feray rayson;	I shall doo to you resone;
Vous layres au bon marchie.”	Ye shall haue it good cheep.”
“Voir, pour cattel,	“Ye, truly, for catell,	12
Dame, il conuient1 gaignier. 1 coniuent	Dame, me must wynne.
Gardes que ien paiera.”	Take hede what I shall paye.”
“Quatre soulz de laulne,	“Four shelynges for the elle,
Sil vous plaist.”	Yf it you plese you.”	16
“Ce ne seroit mie sens.	“Hit ne were no wysedom.
Pour tant vouldroie je auoir	For so moche wold I haue
Bonne2 escarlate!” 2 Bonue	Good scarlete!”
“Vous aues droit,	“Ye haue right	20
Se vous puisses.	Yf ye maye.
Mais iay encore tel	But I haue yet somme
Qui nest mie du meillour,	Whiche is not of the beste,
Que ie ne donroye point	Whiche I wold not yeue	24
Pour sept souldz.”	For seuen shelynges.”
“Je vous en croys bien;	“I you bileue well;
Mais ce nest mye drap	But this is no suche cloth
De tant dargent,	Of so moche money,	28
Ce scaues vous bien!	That knowe ye well!
Ce que vous en laires	This that ye shall leue
Le sera3 vendre.” 3 See the Notes.	Shall be solde.”
“Sire, que vault il?”	“Syre, what is it worth?”	32
“Dame, il me vauldroit	“Dame, it were worth to me
Bien trois souls.”	Well thre shellyngs.”
“Cest mal offert,	“That is euyll boden,
Ou trop demande;	Or to moche axed;	36
Encores ameroie mieulx	Yet had I leuer
Quil fust dor in vostre escrin.”	That it were gold in your cheste.”
“Damoyselle, vous ne perderes	“Damoyselle, ye shold not lese theron
Ja croix;	Neuer a crosse;	40

HOW TO BUY CLOTH. THE METER NOT CALLED FOR.

Mais dittes acertes	But saye certainly
Comment je lauray	How shall I haue it
Sauns riens laissier.”	Withoute thyng to leue.”
“Je le vous donray a vng mot:	“I shall gyue it you at one worde:	4
Certes, se vous le aues,	Certaynly, if ye haue it,
Vous en paieres chinq souls	Ye shall paye fyue shellyngs
De tant daulnes	For so many elles
Que vous en prenderes;	Whiche ye shall take;	8
Car ie nen1 lairay riens2.” 2 rieus 1 neu	For I wyll abate no thyng.”
“Dame, que vaudroit dont	“Dame, what shall auaylle thenne
Longues parolles?	Longe wordes?
Tailles pour moy une pair de robes.”	Cutte for me a pair of gounes.”	12
“Combien en tailleray ie?”	“How moche shall I cutte?”
“Tant que vous quidies	“Also moche as ye wene
Que mestier mest	As me shall nede
Pour vng sourcote,	For a surcote,	16
Pour vng cotte,	For a cote,
Pour vne heucque,	For an hewke,
Pour vne paire de chausses.”	For a pair hosen.”
“Sire, il vous en fauldra3 3 enfauldra	“Sir, it you behoueth	20
Bien quinse aulnes.”	Well fiften elles.”
“De par dieu, tailles les.	“In goddes name, cutte them.
De quelle largesse est il?”	Of what brede is it?”
“De deulx aulnes et demye.”	“Of two ellis and an half.”	24
“Cest bonne largesse.	“That is good brede.
Tailles a lautre deboute.”	Cutte at that othir ende.”
“Cest tout ung, par mon alme!	“Hit is all one, by my soule!
Mais ie le feroy volentiers.”	But I shall doo it gladly.”	28
“Dame, messures bien.”	“Dame, mete well.”
“Sire, ie ne men confesseray ia	“Sire, I shall never shriue me therof
De ce que ie vous detenray.”	Of that I shall with-holde yow.”
“Dame, ce scay ie bien;	“Dame, that knowe I well;	32
Si ie ne vous creusse	If I had not trusted you
Ieuis appelle le messureur.”	I had called the metar.”
“Sire, sil vous plaist,	“Sire, yf it plese you,
On lappellera.”	He shall be called.”	36
“Nennil4 voir, dame, 4 Nenuil	“Nay truly, dame,
Ie me tieng bien	I holde me well
Content de vous;	Content with you;
Car il me semble	For me semeth	40

PAYING THE BILL.—ENGLISH GROATS, FLEMISH COINS, ETC.

Que vous maues1 bien fait. 1 manes	That ye haue to me well done.
Ployes le de par dieu.”	Folde it up in goddes name.”
“Non2 feray, sauue le vostre grace; 2 Nou	“I shall not, sauf your grace;
Je veul que vous messures.”	I wyll that ye mete it.”	4
“Dame, puis que ie me tieng	“Dame, syth that I me holde
Plainement content,	Playnly content,
Et puis que bien me souffist,	And sith it well me suffyseth,
Il nest besoin de le remesurer.	It is no nede to mete it agayn.	8
Tien, valton, si le porte,	Holde thou, boye, and bere it;
Tu auras vng mayll.	Thou shalt haue an halfpeny.
Or, dame, combien monte	Now, dame, how moche cometh it to,
Ce que iay de vous?”	This that I haue of you?”	12
“Sire, se vous me baillies	“Syre, yf ye gyue to me
Disenoof souls,	xix shellyngs,
Vous me paieries bien;	Ye shall paye me well;
Tant me debues vous.”	So moche ye owe me.”	16
“Damoyselle, tenez, comptez.”	“Damoyselle, holde, telle.”
“Quelle monnoye	“What moneye
Me donnez vous?”	Gyue ye to me?”
“Bonne monnoye;	“Good moneye;	20
Ce sont gros dangletere;	Thise ben grotes of englond;
Tels y a3 de flaundres; 3 ya	Suche ther be of flaundres;
Patards et demi patards;	Plackes and half plackes;
Les vieulx gros dangletere	The olde grotes of englond	24
Qui valent chincque deniers;	Which be worth v pens;
Les noueaulx valent iiij. deniers;	The newe be worth foure pens;
Vous le debues bien scavoir,	Ye ought well to knowe,
Qui tant dargent recepues.”	That so moche moneye receyue6.” 6 receyne	28
“Vous dittes voir, sire.”	“Ye saye trouthe, sire.”
“Mais vous ameries mieulx	“But ye had leuer
Florins4 du rin, 4 Florius	Rynysh guldrens,
Escutz du roy,	Scutes of the kyng,	32
Royaulx nobles dangletere,	Ryallis nobles of englond,
Salutz door lyons,	Salews of gold lyons,
Viez estrelins deniers.”	Olde sterlingis pens.”
“Cest tout bonne monneye;	“This is all good moneye;	36
Mais que ie le puisse doner?”	Ye, and I may gyue it oute?”
“Oyl, vous lez donerez5 bien 5 alonerez	“Yes, ye shall gyue it oute well
Dedains la ville	Within the toune
Et par tout le pays,	And all aboute the contre,	40

THE SELLER PLEASED. CLOTH OF MANY TOWNS.

En touttes denrees,	In all peny worthes,
En touttes marchandyses.”	In all marchandyses.”
“Biau sire, ie me loe de vous;	“Fair sire, I am well plesyd with you;
Si que sil vous falloit	Were it so that ye failled	4
Aulcune denree	Ony ware
Dont ie me mesle,	Of whiche I medle with,
Ou que jay entremayns,	Or that I haue under hande,
Vous le pourries emporter	Ye may bere it a-waye	8
Sans1 maille sans2 denier; 2 saus 1 Saus	Withoute halpeny or peny;
Sy bien maues paiet.”	So well haue ye me payd.”
“Tres grand merchis!	“Right grete gramercy!
Sachies que mon argent	Wyte ye that4 my siluer 4 that that	12
Vous aries deuant3 ung aultre. 3 denant	Ye shall haue tofore an othir.
Ce seroit droit	Hit were right
Pour vostre debonairete,	For your goodlynes,
Pour la courtoysie	For the courtosye	16
Qui est en vous.”	That is in you.”
“Ce nest mye	“It ne5 is not 5 en
Le derrain argent	The last siluer
Que vous ares de moy,	That ye shal haue of me,	20
Comment ce que soit le premier.	How be it that this is the first.
CAr Et as mes compaignons,	FOr me behoueth othir while, And to my felaws,
		Draps de maintes manires,	Clothes of many maneris,	24
De pluiseurs villes,	Of many tounes,
De loundres, de euerwik,	Of london, of yorke,
De bristow, de bathon,	Of bristow, of bathe,
De paris, de roaen,	Of parys, of roen,	28
De bruges, de gaund,	Of brugges, of gaunt,
De ypres, de tournay,	Of ypre, of dornyk,
De lylle, de dixmude,	Of ryselle, of dixmuthe,
De menin, de comines,	Of menyn, of comynes,	32
De bailloil, de poperinghes,	Of belle, of poperyng,
De denremond, daloste,	Of dendremonde, of aloste,
De saincte omer, de valenciene,	Of saint omers, of valensynes,
Des brouxellis, de malins,	Of brussels, of mechelyne,	36
De louuain, danuers.	Of louayn, of andwerp.
AInsi ie pense a aller, Sil plaist a dieu,	ALso I thinke to goo, Yf it plaise to god,
		A le feste de bruges,	To the feste of bruges,	40

NAMES OF FAIRS, WOOL, HIDES, SKINS, SPICES.

A le feste danuers,	To the marte of andwarp,
A le feste1 de berghes, 1 festes	To the marte of berow,
A le feste de sterebrige,	To the faire of sterbrigge,
A le feste de salesburye,	To the faire of salesbury,	4
A le feste de seynct bertilmeu	To seint bartilmews faire
Que serra a loundres,	Whiche shall be at london,
A le dedicacion de challons,	To the chirchehalyday of chalons,
A le foire de cambrige,	To the faire of cambrigge,	8
A le procession de Westmonaistre,	To the procession of Westmestre,
A le procession general.	To the procession general.
SI “Coment donnes vous le poise?	ANd I shall bye wulle.” “How gyue ye the waye?
		12
Que voules vous auoir du clau?	What wyll ye haue of the nayll?
Que donrai ie de la pierre?	What shall I gyue for the stone?
Que vault la liure	What is worth the pound
De cest laine daygneaulx?”	Of this wulle of lambes?”	16
Vous responderes	Ye shall ansuere
Ainsi que est escript ailleurs.	Also as it is wreton els where.
ENcore Que ie ne achatte	YEt shall I not leue it That I ne bye
		20
Peaulx de vaches,	Hydes of kyen,
De quoy on fait cuyr.	Wherof men make lether.
De peaulx de chieures ou de bouk	Of fellis of gheet or of the bukke
Faitton bon cordewan;	Make men good cordewan;	24
De peaulx de brebis	Of shepes fellis
Peult estre fait le basenne;	May be made the basenne;
Si en faitton parcemin	So make men also perchemyn
En quoy on escript.	In whiche men write.	28
Or aues oyet	Now haue ye herd
Des draps, des laines,	Of clothes, of wulle,
Des peaulx, et des cuyrs	Of fellis, and of lether,
Tout en ung chapitle.	Alle in one chapitre.	32
[CH. VI.]
POur ce que ie ne suy Especier ne apoticaire,	FOr that I am not Spycier ne apotecarie
		Ne scay mie nommer	I can not name
Touttes manieres despeces;	All maneres of spyces;	36
Mais ien nomerai vne partie:	But I shall name a partie:
Gingembre, galigan,	Gynger, galingale,
Cubelles, saffran,	Cubibes, saffran,
Poiure, commin,	Pepre, comyne,	40

NAMES OF POWDERS, OILS, WAX, WRITING-TABLES, ETC.

Chucre blanc & brun,	Sugre white and broun,
Fleur de cammelle,	Flour of cammelle,
Anijs, graine de paradis;	Anyse, graynes of paradys;
De ces choses faitton confections	Of thise thinges be made confections	4
Et bonnes pou[d]res,	And good poudres,
De quoy on fait	Wherof is made
Bonnes sausses	Good sausses
Et electuaires de medicine.	And electuaries for medicines.	8
OR Oyle doliue & de semaile,	NOw shall we saye of the oyles. Oyle of olyue and of feldeseed,
		Oyle doliette & de nauette,	Oyle of mecop and of rapeseed,
Oyle de lingnuyse,	Oyle of lynseed,	12
Oyle de chenneue;	Oyle of hempseed;
Sy faitton moustarde.	And men make mustard.
IE Dont on fait pointures:	I Shall bye thinges Wherof ben made paintures:
		16
Asur et vert de spaigne	Asure and grene of spayne,
Vermeyllon, brezil,	Vermeyllon, brasyll,
Vernis, orpiement.	Vernysshe, orpement.
ENcore Ung somme dargent en sel,	YEt I wyll bystowe A somme of siluer in salte,	20
		En poit, en harpoit,	In pycche, in rosyn,
En verde chire,	In grene waxe,
En rouge et gaune chire,	In rede & yelow waxe,	24
En noir chire,	In black waxe,
De quoy on emplist	Wherof be fyllyd
Les tables	The tables
En quoy on aprend	In which men teche	28
Les enfans escripre;	The children to write;
Et du sieu,	And of siewet,
Saing du porc	The fatte of a swyne
Pour faire pottages;	For to make potages;	32
Saing de herencs;	Sayme of hereng;
On en oint les sorles.	Men enoynte therwyth shoes.
SE Jen achatteray par balles,	IF I fynde alume, I shall bye by bales,
		36
Car il appertient en la taincture;	For it belongeth in the dyerye;
Guades et guarance.	Wood and mader.
Mais comment que ie	But how that I
Moy entremelle	Me entremete	40

MEASURES, WEIGHTS, METALS AND OTHER WARES.

A faire ce liure,	To make this book,
Et ie sache une partie	And I know a partie
Coment on nomme les choses;	How men name the thinges;
Pour ce ie ne scay mie	Therfor I ne wote not	4
Comment ne pour combien	How ne for how moche
Que on vent les biens,	That men selle the goodes,
Par mesure ou par poix,	By mesure or by weyght,
Par quarters ou par sestiers,	By quarters or by sextiers,	8
Par liures ou par demy liures,	By poundes or by half poundes,
Ou par onches,	Or by vnces,
Par ballances ou par tonniaulx,	By balances or by barellis,
Par vassiaulx ou par balles,	By vessellis or by bales,	12
Par sacs ou par quierques.	By sackes or by lastes.
Si que chil	So that he
Que scauoir le veult	That wyll knowe it
Il le pourra demander	He may axe it	16
Aux marchans	At the marchans
Qui bien le sceuent.	Whiche well knowe it.
ENcore Nomme les metaulx	YEt I haue not named the metals
		20
Qui sensieuent1: 1 seusiuent	Whiche folowe:
Fer, achier, plomb, estain,	Yron, steell, leed, tynne,
Keuure & arain,	Coppre and bras,
Or, argent, choses dorees,	Gold, siluer, thinges gylt,	24
Choses dargentees,	Thinges siluerid,
Coroyes a claux dargent,	Gyrdellis with nayles of siluer,
Sainture de soye	Corse of silke
A boucle dargent,	With bocle of siluer,	28
Boursses ouuries a leguille.	Purses wrought with the nedle.
CHe Eguilles, espengles,	THise ben marchandises: Nedles, pynnes,
		Aloyeres, tasses,	Pawteners, tasses,	32
Coffyns & escriptoires,	Coffyns and penners,
Alesnes, graffes,	Alles, poyntels,
Cornets2 a encre, 2 Coruets	Enke hornes,
Coutiaulx3, forches, 3 Contiaulx	Knyues, sheres,	36
Huuettes de soye,	Huues of silke,
Coyfes dhommes,	Coyfes for men,
Pendoyrs de soye,	Pendants of silke,
Lachets, lannieres,	Laces, poyntes,	40

SILKS. GRAINS. TITLES OF NOBILITY.

Soye vermeylle,	Reed silke,
Verde, gaune,	Grene, yelowe,
noire soye;	Black silke;
De ces soyes	Of thise silkes	4
Faitton bordures.	Make me broythures.
CHi Et diray des graines:	HEre I shall make an ende, And shall saye of graynes:
		Bled, fourment,	Corn, whete,	8
Soille, orge,	Rye, barlye,
Auaynne, vesches,	Otes, vessches,
Feues, poys.	Benes, pesen.
De ces choses suy ie lasses,	Of thise thinges I am wery,	12
Si que ie men reposeray.	So that I shall reste me.
[CH. VII.]
MAis les grandes seigneurs nommeray;	BUt the grete lordes I shall name;	14
Les prelats de saincte eglise;	The prelats of holy chirche;
Les princes, les grandes seigneurs.	The princes, the grete lordes.	16
Premiers des plus haulx:	Fyrst of the hyest:
Cest de nostre saint pere	That is of our holy fadre
Le pape de romme,	The pope of rome,
Qui demeure a auignon;	Which duelleth at auynyon;	20
Qui par droit deuroit estre	That by right shold be
A grand romme.	At grete rome.
	Next is the emperour
Le plus grand seigneur,	The grettest lorde,	24
Lemperesse greigneur dame,	Themperesse the grettest lady,
De tout le monde;	Of all the world;
Elle est royne dallemaygne.	She is quene of almayne.
Le roy de fraunce	The kyng of fraunce	28
Est le plus riche roy	Is the most riche kyng
De tresour qui vist	Of tresour that lyueth
De la la mer;	Beyonde the see;
Le roy dangletere apres	The kyng of englond after	32
Est le plus puissance & riche.	Is the most myghty and riche.
Le roy de spayne,	The kyng of spayne,
Le roy darragon,	The kyng of aragon,
Le roy de cecile,	The kyng of cecile,	36
Le roy de nauare,	The kyng of nauerne,
Le roy de behaine,	The kyng1 of beme, 1 byng
Le roy de polaine,	The kyng of poole,

KINGS. DIGNITARIES OF THE CHURCH, MONKS, ETC.

Le roy de dace,	The kyng of denmarke,
Le roy de portingal,	The kyng of portingale,
Le roy de scoce,	The kyng of scotland,
Le roy de naples,	The kyng of naples,	4
Le roy Jherusalem.	The kyng of Jherusalem.
	Tharchebisshop of caunterbury,
Larcheuesque deuerwike,	Tharchebisshop of yorke,
Larcheuesque de coloine,	Tharchebisshop of coleyne,	8
De rains, de rohen,	Of raynes, of roen,
De magonce, de trieris.	Of mence, of treyer.
Leuesque de loundres,	The bisshop of london,
Leuesque de wincestre,	The bisshop of wynchestre,	12
Leuesque de chestre,	The bisshop of chestre,
Leuesque de lincolne,	The bisshop of lyncolne,
Leuesque de paris,	The bisshop of parys,
Leuesque de senlis,	The bisshop of senlys,	16
Leuesque de biauuaix,	The bisshop of biauuays,
Leuesque de liege,	The bisshop of luke,
Leuesque de cambray,	The bisshop of camerik,
Leuesque de terwaen.	The bisshop of terrewyn.	20
Mais par deseure eulx	But aboue them
Sont les dousze cardinaulx.	Ben the xii. cardynals.
Par desoubz les euesques	Vnder the bisshoppes
Sont les abbees,	Ben the abbotes,	24
Les officiaulx,	The officials,
Les preuosts, les doyens,	The prouostes, the denes,
Les pryeurs, les gardiens.	The pryours, the wardeyns.
Desoubs tels maistres	Vnder suche maisters	28
Sont les prebstres.	Ben the prestes.
Les channonnes sont renteez;	The chanons ben rented;
On veult dyre	Men wyll saye
Que vng abbe de clingny	That an abbot of cluny	32
Est le plus riche clercq	Is the richest clerke
Qui soit en1 le monde 1 on	That isin the world
Apres le pape.	Next the pope.
	Gray monkes ben	36
Del ordene de chistiaulx;	Of the ordre of cistiauls;
Saint bernard est leur patron.	Seint bernard is theyr patron.
Blancs moynes treuue on	White monkys men fynde
Del ordene de premonstre;	Of the ordre of premonstrence;	40

MONKS AND NUNS. THE GREAT ONES OF THE WORLD.

Noirs moisnes del ordene	Blac monkes of the ordre
Saincte benoit;	Of seynt benet;
Guillemynes, freres mineurs,	Wyllemyns and frere menours,
Jacopins, chartreurs,	Blac freris & monkes of chartre hous,	4
Carmes, Augustins,	White freris and austyns,
Prescheurs, Bogars,	Prechers, lewd freris,
Curats, chappelains,	Curattes, chappelains,
Abbesses, prioresses,	Abbesses, prioresses,	8
Nonnains	Nonnes
Del ordene saynt clare,	Of the ordre of seint clare,
Beghines, clergesses.	Beghyns, clergesses.
ORes Des ducs, des countes,	NOw comen the names Of dukes, of erles,	12
		De duc deuerwik,	Of the duke of yorke,
De duc de lancastre,	Of the duke of lancastre,
De duc de bretaigne,	Of the duke of bretaigne,	16
De duc de guyhenne,	Of the duke of guyan,
De duc de ghelres,	Of the duke of gheldreland,
De duc de bourgoigne,	Of the duke of burgoyne,
De duc daustrice;	Of the duke of ostryche;	20
Le counte darondel,	The erle of arondel,
Le counte de kente,	The erle of kente,
Le counte dessex,	The erle of essex,
Le1 counte weruy, 1 La	The erle of warwyke,	24
Le counte de flaundres,	The erle of flaundres,
Le counte de clermont,	The erle of clermonde,
De boulougne, de sainct pol,	Of boloyne, of saint pol,
De hainau, de holant;	Of henaud, of holand;	28
Chastelain de douures;	Castelayn of douer;
	Vycounte3 of beaumond, 3 Vyconnte
De bourshier, de berghes,	Of bousser, of berow,
Cheualiers, esquiers hardyz.	Knyghtes, squyers hardy.	32
Messire ernoul de noirs est banerets2 2 bauerets	Sir arnold of noirs is a banerett
Et fu connestable de fraunce.	And was conestable of fraunce.
Messier daspremont	My lord of aspremond
Est double banerets.	is double banerette.	36
Les noms des dames:	The names of ladies:
La bonne royne,	The good quene,
Ducesse, contesse, princesse;	Duchesse, countesse, princesse;
Pour teles dames	For suche ladies	40

NAMES (WITH FOLK’S TRADES): ADAM—ABRAHAM.

Sont les tournoys,	Ben the tournemens,
Les Joustemens,	The Joustynges,
Les grandes guerres,	The grete werres,
De quoy les grands maistres	Wherof the grete maistres	4
D[e] theologie, dastronomye,	Of diuinite, of astronomye,
nen ont que faire,	Have not to doo,
Et sont en repoz,	And ben in reste,
Et les maistres de medicines	And the maistres of medicyns	8
Et les cirurgiens aussi.	And the surgyens also.
[CH. VIII.]
POur ce que pluyseurs mots Cherront ou pourront cheoir	FOr this that many wordes Shalle fall or may falle
		Qui ne sont point plainement	Which ben not playnly	12
Cy deuant escrips,	Here tofore wreton,
Sy vous escripray	So shall I write you
Doresenauant	Fro hens forth
Diuerses maters	Diuerse maters	16
De touttes choses,	Of all thynges,
Puis de lun puis de lautre,	Syth of one sith of anothir,
Ou quel chapitle	In which chapitre [pp. 25-47]
Je veul conclure	I wyll conclude	20
Les noms dhommes & des femmes	The names of men and of wymmen
Selon lordre del a. b. c.,	After the ordre of a. b. c.,
Les noms des mestiers,	The names of craftes,
Sy comme vous poes oyer.	So as ye may here.	24
“ADam, amaine cha Mon cheual tantost,	“ADam, bryng hyther My hors anone,
		e luy metz	And sette on hym
La selle et le frain.	The sadel and brydle.	28
Ie cheuaucheray	I shall ryde
La iay promise a estre	There I haue promysed to be
A ung parlement	To a parlamente
Ou a ung annyuersaire.	Or to a yeres mynde.	32
Regarde sil est ferres	Beholde yf he be shoed
Des quatre piets;	On four feet;
Se il nelest,	Yf he be not,
Si le maine ferrer.”	So lede hym to be shoed.”	36
“Abraham, cest faict.	“Abraham, hit is done.
Tenes, montes;	Holde, sitte vp;
Chausies vous bousiaux,	Do on your bootes,
Vous esperons.	Your spores.	40

ALPHABET OF NAMES: ADRYAN—ANCEL. Wine. Breakfast.

Puis vous desiunes	Syth breke your fast
Ainchois1 que vous departes.” 1 Amchois	Er ye hens departe.”
“Adryan, ou2 en ales vous? 2 on	“Adryan, where well ye goo?
Se vous alles mon chemyn	Yf ye goo my way	4
Ie vous tenroye companye.”	I shall holde you companye.”
“Si en serroye moult Joyeulx.”	“So shall I be moche glad.”
“Alart, or en alons	“Alarde, now goo we
Sans3 arrester 3 Saus	Withoute6 tarieng 6 Withonte	8
Se nous voulons venir	If we wylle come
Ainsi comme nous	Lyke as we
Et les aultres auons promis.”	And the othir haue promised.”
“Abel, ou vendt on	“Abel, where selle men	12
Le meillour vin de cest ville?	The beste wyn of this toune?
Dictes le nous,	Saye it vs,
Nous vous en prions.”	We pray you.”
“Andrieu, le meillour vent on	“Andrew, the beste selleth me	16
A la rue des lombars.	In the strete of lombardis.
Car ie lay assaye;	For I haue assayed;
Cest dung plein tonniel,	Hit is of a full fatte,
Au pris de viij. deniers,	At pris of viij. pens,	20
En le premier tauerne	And [at] the first tauerne
Que vous trouueres.”	That ye shall fynde.”
“Andrieu, va querre	“Andrew, goo fecche
Ung quart et demy,	A quart and an half,	24
Et te fais bien mesurer.	And doo the well to be meten.
Si buuerons ung trait;	So shall we drynke a draught;
Nous desiunerons des trippes,	We shall breke our fast with trippes,
De la foye, du poumon,	Of the lyuer, of the longhe,	28
Vng piet du buef,	A foot of an oxe,
Vng piet du porke,	A foot of a swyne,
Vng teste daux;	An hede of garlyke;
Se nous desiunerons4 4 desiunerous	So shall we breke our faste	32
Et buuerons becq a becq.”	And shall drynke becke to beck.”
“Ancel, mets la table	“Ancelme, sette the table
Et les estaulx,	And the trestles,
Laue les voirs,	Wasshe the glasses,	36
Respaulme le5 hanap, 5 la	Spoylle the cuppe,
Dresce a manger,	Dresse to ete,
Taille du pain,	Cutte brede,
Laue le mortier	Wasshe the mortier,	40

NAMES: ARNOLD—ADRIEN. Day-work. Months of the Year.

Et le pestiel,	And the pestel,
Fay nous des aulx;	Make vs somme garlyk;
Nous en aurons toute jour	We shall haue all the day
Plus chault en nous membres.”	More hete in our membres.”	4
“Arnoul, verses du vin,	“Arnold, gyue us wyne
Et nous donnes a boire.”	And gyue vs to drynke.”
“Non feray; ie poyle des aulx.	“I shall not, I pylle the gharlyk.
Alles ainchois1 lauer; 1 amchois	Goo erst wasshe;	8
Vous beuuries bien a temps.”	Ye shall drynke well in tyme.”
“Aubin est a le2 porte, 2? la	“Aubin is at the gate,
Mais al huys.	But at the dore.
Vase le laisse ens.	Goo late hym in.	12
Je croy quil maporte	I trowe that he bryngeth me
Ce quil me doibt.”	That he me oweth.”
Anthoine est ung preudhomme3; 3 prendhomme	Antonye is a wyse man;
Il se lieue touts les nuyts	He ariseth alle the nyghtes	16
Pour oyer mattines.	For to here matynes.
Il ne me chault	Me ne reccheth
De son matin leuer	Of his erly risyng
Ou de son dormier,	Or of the5 slepyng, 5? his	20
Ne de son veiller.	Ne of his wakyng.
“Augustin, ou estu?”	“Austyn, where art thou?”
“Il est a lescole.	“He is at the scole,
Il sen ala a prime.	He is goon to prime.	24
Il reuendra a tierce,	He shall come agayn at tyerse,
Non fera mie4 a mydy.” 4 nuie	He shall not at mydday.”
“Or viegne a none.”	“Now come a none.”
“Ie vouldroye quil demourast	“I wolde that he abode	28
Iusques as vespres,	Vntil euensonge,
Voire, iusques a complye;	Ye truly, vntil complyne;
Et sil demourast	And yf he taried
Iusques a matines	Vntil matyns	32
Ou iusques a mynuyt,	Or vntil mydnyght,
Et sil ne reuenist iamais,	And yf he come neuer,
Ie ny acompteroye gaires.”	I shold not recche moche.”
“Adrien, parles a moy:	“Adryan, speke to me:	36
Combien de moys sont en lan?	How many monethes ben in the yere?
Quels sont ils?”	Which ben they?”
“Ianuier, Feurier,	“Janiuer, Feuerer,
Mars, Apuril,	Marche, Aprille,	40

NAMES: AGNES—APPOLINE. Feasts and Terms.

May, Iung,	Maye, Iuyn,
Iullet, Aougst,	Iuyll, August,
Septembre, Octobre,	Septembre, Octobre,
Nouembre, Decembre.”	Nouembre, Decembre.”	4
AGnes no meschyne Scet bien nommer	AGnes our maid Can well name
			All the grete festes
Et les termes de lan.	And the termes of the yere.	8
“Damoyselle, nommes les.”	“Damyselle, name them.”
“Non feray, se dieu mait;	“I shall not, so god helpe me!
Agathe les nommera.”	Agace shall name them.”
“De par dieu, puis quainsi1 soit! 1 quaiusi	“In gods name, sith it soo is!	12
A noel, a pasques,	At cristemasse, at estre,
Alascension, a la pentechoste,	At assencion, at Whitsontid,
La trinite, a la saint iehan,	The trinite, at seint Johan,
Le iour de saint piere,	The day of saint petre,	16
A le seint remy,	At seynt remyge,
Le iour de tous sains,	The day of all5 halowes, 5 oll
A le saint martin,	At seint martins messe,
A le saint xpōfre,	At seint xpriforis,A	20
A nostre dame en marche,	At our lady in marche,
A le chandeloer2, 2 chandeber	At candlemasse,
A la nostre dame my aoust,	At our lady in heruest,
A quaremien3, 3 quaremiou	At shroftyde,	24
Le iour de pasques florie,	The day of palme sonday,
Le iour de lan,	The new yers day,
Le4 iour des trois roix, 4 Les	The day of thre kynges,
Le4 peneuse sepmaine,	The paynful weke,	28
An, demy an,	Yere, half yere,
Le iour du sacrament,	The day of sacrament,
Le procession deuerwik,	The procession of yorke,
Le procession de couentre;	The procession of couentre;	32
Les pardons de syon	The pardon of syon
Serount au commencement daust.”	Shall be at the begynnyng of august.”
“Appoline, venes boire.”	“Appolyn, come ete.”
“Non feray, saulue vostre grace!	“I ne shall not, sauf your grace!	36
Encore buuray ie,	Yet shall I drynke,
Car ie ne refuse point	For I reffuse not
Le hanap	The cuppe;

NAMES: ANASTASE—ALBERT. A Three Years’ Peace coming.

Ce serroit villonnie.”	That were vylonye.”
“Anastase, aues mengist?”	“Anastase, haue ye eten?”
“Encore dyne ie;	“Yet I dyne;
A nuyt soupperay ie.”	At nyght I shall souppe.”	4
“Vous aues bien vo temps	“Ye haue well your tyme
Qui si longement	That so longe
Estes in solas.”	Be in solace.”
“Dennuy de meschance	“Fro noyeng of meschief	8
Me veul garder,	I wyll kepe me,
De duel de maise auenture,	Fro sorow of euil auenture,
Mais toudis viure en joye	But alleway lyue in ioye
Sers mon deduit.”	Shall be my byledyng.”	12
“Amand, vostre serouge,	“Amand, your cosen alyed
A plus belle amye	Hath a fairer lyef
Que vous nayes,	Than ye haue,
Et mieulx aprise	And better taught	16
Que ie nen scay nulle;	Than I knowe ony;
Elle est belle et sage,	She is faire and wyse,
Si quils pourroient auoir	So that they myght have
Asses des biens ensamble.”	Ynough of goodes to gedyr.”	20
“Amelberge est bien plaisante;	“Amelbergh is well plaisaunt;
Dieu luy doinst bon eur!	God gyue her good happe!
Ves le cy ou1 elle vient.” 1 on	See her hiere where she cometh.”
“Ves moy cy, voirement!	“See me hiere, veryly!	24
Que dittes vous de moy?”	What saye ye of me?”
“Nous ne disons de vous	“We ne saye of you
Synon que bien.”	Nothing but good.”
“Albert de haesbrouk!	“Albright of haesburgh!	28
Venes vous de la ville?”	Come ye fro the toune?”
“Oyl, sire, sil vous plaist.”	“Ye, sire, yf it plese you.”
“Quelles nouuelles	“What tydynges
Nous apportes vous?”	To vs brynge ye?”	32
“Bonnes et belles;	“Good and fair;
Car on dist	For men saye
Que paix serra	That peas shall be
Entre les deux roys	Bitwene the two kynges	36
Et leurs royames,	And theyr royames,
Ou trieues2 pour trois ans.” 2 trienes	Or triews for thre yere.”
“Sire, de celle bouche	“Sir, with that mouth
Puyssies vin boire.”	Mote ye wyn drynke.”	40

NAMES: BAUDEWIN—BERTRAN. English and Scotch Peace.

BAudewin le cousin charles Est mareschal de fraunce.	BAudewyn the cosin of charles Is mareshall of fraunce.
		Il me disoit	He sayde to me
Quil sera respyt	That it shall be respyte	4
Entre les engloys	Bitwene the englisshmen
Et les escochoys.	And the scottes.
Il en a eubt lettres.	He had therof lettres.
Benoit le vylain	Benet the chorle	8
Est lieutenant	Is lieutenant
Du bailly damiens	Of the baylly of amyas
Et de la preuostie.	And of the prouostye.
Il est mes parens	He is my kynnesman	12
Et ie le sien;	And I am his;
Si men puis vanter.	So I me auaunte.
“Bernard, est le clocque sounee	“Bernard, is the clocke sowned
Pour aller a le euure?”	For to goo to werke?”	16
“Vous1 voules dire 1 Vons	“Ye wolde saye
Le clocque des ouuriers?”	The belle of werkemen?”
“Non fay, vrayement,	“I ne doo, truly,
Mais le clocque du iour.”	But the day belle.”	20
“Oyl, tres grand pieche.”	“Ye, ouer a grete while.”
“Boneface, fais du feu;	“Boneface, make fyer,
Fais bouillir lencre.	Make the ynche to seethe,
Si mets plus de galles	And put therin mo galles	24
Et plus de substaunce,	And more substance,
Et mouue le qui narde.”	And styre it that it brenne not.”
“Berthelmieu, demores cy	“Bertilmewe, abyde hiere
Auecques nous huymais.	With vs this day.	28
Nous vous donrons2 2 donrous	We shall gyue you
De ce que nous avons3, 3 a vons	Of that we haue,
Et de ce que dieu nous a preste.	And of that which god hath lente vs.
Si vous fera on	So men make to you	32
Ung biau lite;	A fayr bedde;
Vous ne aures pys	Ye shall haue no werse
Que nous mesmes.”	Than we our self.”
“Bertran, ce seroit asses;	“Bertram, this shall be ynough;	36
Car se il ny auoit	For yf he haue
Fors que du pain	Nothing than brede
Et bon ceruoyse	And good ale
Il me souffiroit,	Hit shold suffyse me,	40

NAMES: BARNABE—CYPRIEN. Baking, Washing.

Si comme a chescun	So as to euerich
Doibt souffire.”	It ought suffyse.”
“Barnabe, alles vous ent!	“Barnabe, goo ye hens!
Nous ne auons cure	We haue no charge	4
De vostre companie.	Of your felawship.
Ne vous coroucies point!	Ne angre you not!
Car sacies tout a plain	For knowe ye all plainly
Que vostre compaignie	That your felawship	8
Nest bonne ne belle.”	Is not good ne fayr.”
“Basilles, que vous couste	“Basylle, what hath coste you
Mon menage,	My houshold,
Que vous vous plaindes de moy?”	That ye playne you of me?”	12
“Plaigne ou ne plaigne point,	“Playne or playne nothyng,
Ie naray iamais	I shall haue neuer
Compaignie auecq vous	Companye with you
Tant come ie viue,	As longe as I lyue,	16
Ou la vie ou corps auray.”	Or the lyf in my body shall haue.”
“Brixe, va ou four,	“Bryce, go to the ouen
Pour les pastees;	For the pasteyes;
Sacque hors lespaude	Drawe out the sholdre	20
De lespoye tout chault,	Of the spete all hoot,
Car il est asses rostis,	For it is ynough rosted,
Et le drechies par escuelles.”	And dresse it by disshes.”
“Sire, les pastees sont venus;	“Sire, the pasteyes be come;	24
Le rost est drechye.”	The roste is dressyd.”
Beatrix le lauendier	Beatrice the lauendre
Venra cy apres mengier;	Shall come hether after diner;
Se ly baillies les ligne draps;	So gyue her the lynnen clothis.	28
Elle les buera nettement.	She shall wassh them clenly.
“Berte, escures les pots	“Berte, skowre the pottes
Contre ces haulz iours	Ayenst thise hye dayes
En le chambre par tout.”	In the chambre ouer all.”	32
COlard Me doibt faire	COlard the goldsmyth Oweth me to make
		Ma chainture,	My gyrdle,
Vne couroye clauwe	A gyrdle nayled	36
dargent, pesant quarant deniers,	With siluer, weyeng xl. pens,
Et vng triaclier.	And a triacle boxe.
Cyprien le tisseran	Cyprien the weuar
Ma promys a tystre	Hath promysed to weue	40

NAMES: COLARD—CLEMENCE. Kempster, Spinster, &c.

Mon drap	My cloth
Demain ou apres demain.	To morow or after morow.
“Quand y fu le file porte?”	“Whan was the thred theder born?”
“Hier, deuant hier.	“Yesterday, tofore yesterday.	4
Anthan, deuant anthan,	Foryere, tofor foryere,
Ne leust on mye tissu	Hit had not be wouen
Pour autant come a iourdhuy,	For as moche as on this day,
Ne si hastiuement1.” 1 hastinement	Ne so hastyly.”	8
Colard ly foulon	Colard the fuller
Scet bien fouler drap.	Can well fulle cloth.
Si veul ie quil le foule;	So wylle I that he fulle;
Encore est il moult dangereux.	Yet is he moche dangerous.	12
	Conrade the sherman.
Le doibt tondre;	He oweth to shere;
Il prende del aulne quatre mites	He taketh of the elle foure mytes
Puis que les tondeurs	Syth that the sheremen	16
Eurent leur franchise.	Hadde theyr franchise.
Katherine la pigneresse	Katherin the kempster
Fu cy aurain pour argent.	Was hiere right now for moneye.
Elle iura par sa foye	She swore by her faith	20
Quelle ne pigna oncques	That she kembyth neuer
Laine si bien;	Wulle so well;
Pour ce lui payera on bien.	Therfor men shall paye her well.
Cecile la fyleresse	Cecyle the spinster	24
Vint auecques elle.	Cam with her.
Elle prise moult vostre fylet	She preyseth moche your yarn
Qui fu filee a le keneule;	That was sponne on the dystaf;
Mais le fil	But the yarne	28
Quon fila au rouwet	That was sponne on the whele
A tant de neuds	Hath so many cnoppes
Que cest merueille a veoir.	That it is meruaylle to see.
Colombe le boysteuse	Colombe the halting	32
Sen ala tenchant de cy,	Wente her chydyng from hens,
Pour ce que ie	For this that I
Le vouloye baysier;	Wolde haue kyssed her;
Neantmoins nauoye ie talent,	Neuertheless I had no luste,	36
Et elle me mauldist,	And she me cursyd,
Et ie le remauldis.	And I cursyd her agayn.
Clement & Clemence son fillaistre	Clement & Clemence his step­doughter

NAMES: CLARE—DONAAS. Cloth-hurler, Bridlemaker.

Tencierent ensamble;	Chydden to gyder;
Elle dist que oncques parastre	She said that neuer stepfadre
Ne marastre furent bons;	Ne stepmodre were good;
Elle luy reprouua quil1 auoit trouue 1? Il... qu’il l’	He repreuud her that he2 had founden 2 she	4
Luytant a vng valleton.	Her wrastlying with a boye.
Clare la aueugle	Clare the blynde
Va pour son pain.	Goth for her breed.
Aulmosne y est bien employe,	Almesse is there well bestowed,	8
Car au temps quelle veoit	For the tyme that she sawe
Elle eust enuys demande;	She had not gladly axed;
Si que cest pite de elle.	So that is pite of her.
Clarisse la esbourysse	Clarisse the nopster	12
Scet bien son mestier.	Can well her craft.
“Tresquand le a elle aprys	“Syth whan hath she lerned it
Draps esbourier?”	Cloth for to noppe?”
“Que demandes vous?	“What axe ye?	16
Elle eu fu berchie.	She was ther with rocked.
Elle a bien a faire	She hath good to doo
Quelle gaigne moult,	That she wynne moche,
Car elle est moult gloutee.”	For she is moche lichorous.”	20
DAvid Est ung bon ouurier	DAvid the bridelmaker Is a good werkman
		De faire selles,	For to make sadles,
Frains, & esperons,	Bridles, and spores,	24
Et ce quil y affiert.	And that thereto belongeth.
Denis le fourbisseur	Denis the fourbysshour
A de moy vng espee	Hath of me a swerd
De tresbon taillant,	Of right good cuttyng,	28
Vng couttel a pointe,	A knyfe with a poynte,
Vng espee,	A swerde,
Quil me doibt fourbier.	Whiche me ought to furbysshe.
Damyan le armoyer	Damyan the armorer	32
Me vendra vnes plates,	Shall selle me a plate,
Vng bachinnet,	A bacenet,
Vng haubergon,	An habergeon,
Vng gorgiere,	A gorgette,	36
Gauns de fer.	Gloues of yron.
Donace le pourpointier	Donaas the doblet maker
A parfaicte mon pourpainte	Hath performed my doublet
Et mon paltocque.	And my Jaquet.	40

NAMES: EUSTACE—ERMENTIN. Upholster, Painter, &c.

EVstaes le tailleur A tant de taillier,	EVstace the taillour Hath so moche to cutte,
		Pour la bonne diligence	For the good diligence
Quil faict a peuple	That he doth to the peple	4
De liurer leurs vestures	To deliuere their clothes
Au iour quil a promys.	Atte day that he hath promysed.
Pour ce il ne cesse	Therfor he resteth not
Nuyt ne iour;	Nyght ne day;	8
Et sy a plente de coustriers;	And hath plente of sowers;
Encore dont ne peult il	Yet thenne he may not
A grand paine liurer aux gens	With grete payne deliuere the peple
Ce quil leurs promet.	That whiche he hath promysed hem.	12
Euraerd le vieswarier	Euerard the vpholster
Scet bien estoupper	Can well stoppe
Vng mantel trauwet,	A mantel hooled,
Refouller, regratter,	Full agayn, carde agayn,	16
Rescourer vne robe,	Skowre agayn a goune,
Et tous vieulx draps.	And alle old cloth.
Elyas le pointurer	Elyas the paynter
E[s]t remaysonnes et remues	Is howsed agayn and remeuyd	20
De la ou il soloit demourer.	Fro thens where was woned to duelle.
Il y met si longement		He tarieth so longe
Mon drap a taindre	My cloth to dye	24
Que iaray dommage de luy.	That I shall haue harme of hym.
De quel couleur le taindra il?	Of what colour shall he dye it?
De bresille, de galles,	Of brasylle, of galles,
Il destaindera tantost.	He shall stayne it anon.	28
Je le feroye descorche,	I shalle doo it with barke.
Estieuene le voirier	Steuen the glasyer
Luy pria qui le fesist bien;	Praid hym he wold do it wel;
Se luy en merchies	So thanke hym	32
Quand vous le verres,	Whan ye hym see,
Car il affiert bien.	For it behoueth well.
Ermentin gist malade;	Ermentin lieth seke;
Parles tout bas.	Speke all softe.	36
On portera son vrine	Men shall bere his vrine
Au maistre alfrant.	To maistre alfranke.
Regarde que lorynal	See that the vrinall
soit net et clere;	Be clene and clere;	40

NAMES: FRANCIS—FERRAUNT. Draper, Wine-crier, Baker, &c.

Et sil est ort,	And yf it be foull,
Se le frotte dedens.	So rubbe it within.
Keuure ta soer; elle suera;	Couer thi suster; she shall suete;
Se luy vauldra moult.	Hit shall auaille her moche.	4
Elle lui vient de paour:	Hit cam to here of fere:
Elle vey bateiller deux hommes,	She saw two men fighten,
Dont lun fu tues	Of whom that one was slayn
Et laultre quassies.	And that othir hurte.	8
FRancoys Est ung riche homme;	F[R]Aunseys1 the drapier 1 Fanuseys Is a riche man;
		Cest bien employe;	It is well bestowed;
Il donne voulentiers pour dieu;	He gyueth gladly for goddes sake;	12
Il visette les deshaities,	He visiteth them that be not hole,
Les prisonniers,	The prisoners,
Si conseille les vesues	Also counseilleth the wedowes
Et les orphenins.	And the orphans.	16
Firmin le tauernier	Fremyn the tauerner
A deux tonniaulx de moust.	Hath two tonnes of muste.
Il ma presente	He hath profred me
A croire se ien a faire.	To borowe yf I haue to doo with hem.	20
Enuoyes en querir;	Sende to fecche them;
Il passe legierment le gorge.	Hit passeth lyghtly the throte.
Frederic le vin crieres	Frederik the wyn criar
Dist quil vault bien	Saith that it is well worth	24
Ce quon vende.	That men selleth it for.
Il a droyt quil le dist;	He hath right that he it saith;
Il enboyt grandz traits.	He drynketh grete draughtes.
	Fierin the baker	28
Vend blanc pain et brun.	Selleth whit brede and broun.
Il a sour son grenier gisant	He hath vpon his garner lieng
Cent quartiers de bled.	An hondred quarters of corn.
Il achate a temps et a heure,	He byeth in tyme and at hour,	32
Si quil na point	So that he hath not
Du chier marchiet.	Of the dere chepe.
Fourchier le cardewanner	Forcker the cordewanner
Met plus de cuir a oeuure	Put more lether to werke	36
Que trois aultres,	Than thre othir,
Sy bonne vente a il	So good sale hath he
Des solers et galoches.	Of shoes and of galoches.
Ferrau[n]s le chausser	Ferraunt the hosyer	40

NAMES: PHILIPOTE—GERVAIS. Thief’s ear cut off, &c.

Fait chausses si mal taillies	Maketh hosen so euyll shapen
Et si mal cousues1, 1 consues	And so euyll sewed,
Que ie ne conseilleroye nulluy	That I shall counseille noman
Chauses a luy achatter.	Hosyn of hym to bye.	4
Phelipote le tigneuse	Philipote the scallyd
Embla a son maistre	Stall fro her maister
Vng forgierel	A forcyer
Ou il auoit dedens	Where ther was therin	8
Biaucop dorfrois	Many orfrayes
Et de reubans de soye	And rybans of silke
Et de la fustane;	And of fustain;
Si quil le fist prendre	So that he toke her	12
Et mettre en prison;	And sette in prison;
Puis eubt elle	Syth had she
Loreille copee;	Her ere cutte of;
Si quelle menacha	So that she thretened	16
Son maistre a faire tuer.	Her maister to be slayn.
Quoy quel en aduiegne,	What so euer come therof,
Chescun garde sa loiaulte!	Eueriche kepe his trowthe!
Felix le ouurier de soye	Felice the silkewoman	20
Fait tant de bourses	maketh so many purses
Et aloyeres de soye;	And pauteners of silke;
Car elle en est maistresse.	For she is therof a maistresse.
GVillebert Fait les arcs et les sagettes;	GVysebert the bowemaker Maketh the bowes & the arowes;	24
		Les arblastriers trayent.	The arblastrers shote.
Gerard le moulenier,	Gherard the myllar,
Selon ce quon dist,	After that men saye,	28
Emble le moytie	Steleth the half
Du bled ou de farine2 2 farme	Of corn or of mele
De ceulx qui luy	Of them that to hym
Apportent a mieuldre.	Brynge to grynde.	32
La moytie ne emble il mye,	The half he steleth not,
Mais vng peu de chescun sac.	But a lytyll of euery sack.
Geruas le escripuain Scet bien escripre chartres,	Geruays the scriuener Can well write chartres,
		36
Preuileges, instrumens,	Preuyleges, instrumentis,
Debtes, receptes,	Dettes, receyttes,
Testamens, copies.	Testamentis, copies.
Il scet bien compter	He can well rekene	40

NAMES: GOMBERT—GUY. Writing, the Noblest Craft, &c.

Et rendre comptes	And yelde rekenynges
De toutes rentes,	Of all rentes,
Soit de rentes a vye,	Be they of rente for lyf,
Ou rentes herytables,	Or rent heritable,	4
De toutes censes.	Of all fermes.
Il est bien prouffitables	He is well proufitable
En vng bon seruice;	In a good seruise;
Ce quil escript	That whiche he writeth	8
Demeure celee.	Abydeth secrete.
Cest la plus noble mestier	Hit is the most noble craft
Qui soit au monde;	That is in the world;
Car il nest si hault	For ther is none so hye	12
Ne si noble	Ne so noble
Qui se ahontier peult	That may hym shame
De le aprendre ne de le faire.	For to lerne ne for to doo.
Se nest lescripture	Yf it were not the scripture	16
La loy & foy periroyent,	The law and faith shold perisshe,
Et toute la saincte escripture	And all the holy scripture
Ne seroit mise en oubly.	Shall not be put in forgeting.
Pour ce chescun loial xpristien	Therfore euery true cristen man	20
Le doibt faire aprendere [? aprendre]	Ought for to do lerne
A ses enfans et parens;	To his children and frendes;
Et le doibuent meismes scavoir,	And them selfe owe it to knowe,
Ou aultrement, sans faulte,	Or othirwyse, withoute faulte,	24
Dieu leurs demandera	God shall demande them
Et en prendera vengance;	And shall take of vengeaunce;
Car ignourance	For ignorance
Pas ne les excusera.	Shall nothyng excuse hem.	28
Chescun si acquite	Euery man so acquite hym
Comme il vouldra respondre!	As he wylle ansuere!
	Gombert the bocher
Demeure dencoste le boucerie.	Duelleth beside the bocherie.	32
Il vent si bien ses chars	He selleth so well his flessh
Que luy appiert;	That to hym it appereth;
Car luy voy si poure	For I sawe hym so poure
Quil ne scauoit1 1 scanoit	That he knewe not	36
Que bouter en sa bouche.	What to put in his mouth.
Pour ce est bonne chose	Therfore it is good thyng
Scauoir vng bon mestier.	To conne a good craft.
	Guy the fysshmonger	40

NAMES: GABRIEL—GEORGE. Linen-weaver, Bookseller, &c.

Ne sest mye pis portes,	Hath not werse borne hym,
Si quil appert aual sa maison.	So as it apperith after his hous.
Il vend toutes manieres	He selleth all maners
De poissons de mer	Of see fysshe	4
Et de doulce eauwe	And of fressh water
Lesquels sont escripts	The whiche ben wreton
Dessus en aulcun lieu	To fore in som place
Dedens ce liure.	Within this book.	8
Gabriel le tillier	Gabriel the lynweuar
Tist ma toille	Weueth my lynnencloth
De fil de lin	Of threde of flaxe
Et destoupes.	And of touwe.	12
Si me fault de le traisme	Me lacketh woef
Et de lestam.	And of warpe.
Est elle acheuee?	Is it ended?
Oyl, des ioefdy	Ye, sith thursday	16
Elle est tissue	Hit is wouen
Pour fair blancher.	For to doo white.
	Ghyselin the mande maker
A vendu ses vans,	Hath sold his vannes,	20
Ses corbilles,	His mandes or corffes,
Ses tammis.	His temmesis to clense with.
	Gheryn the ketelmaker
A este a bonne feest;	Hath ben at a good fayre;	24
Il a lassie	He hath there lefte
Grand plente de batteries1; 1 barteries	Grete plente of baterye;
Lesquelles denrees	The whiche penyworthis
Ie ne nommeray point,	I shall not name,	28
Car ils sont nommees	For they be named
En vng des chapitres.	In one of the chapitres.
George le librarier	George the booke sellar
A plus des liures	Hath moo bookes	32
Que tout ceulx de lauile.	Than all they of the toune.
Il les achate touts	He byeth them all
Tels quils soient,	Suche as they ben,
Soient embles ou enprintees,	Be they stolen or enprinted,	36
Ou aultrement pourchacies.	Or othirwyse pourchaced.
Il a doctrinaulx, catons,	He hath doctrinals, catons,
Heures de nostre dame,	Oures of our lady,
Donats, pars, accidens,	Donettis, partis, accidents,	40

NAMES: GERVAS—LAMBERT. Smith, Painter, Usurer, &c.

Psaultiers bien enluminees,	Sawters well enlumined,
Loyes a fremauls dargent,	Bounden with claspes of siluer,
Liures de medicines,	Bookes of physike,
Sept psalmes, kalendiers,	Seuen salmes, kalenders,	4
Encre et parcemyn,	Ynke and perchemyn,
Pennes de signes,	Pennes of swannes,
Pennes dauwes,	Pennes of ghees,
Bons breuiares,	Good portoses,	8
Qui valent bon argent.	Which ben worth good money.
Gervas le feure	Geruays the smyth
Est biaucop plus rices.	Is moche richer.
Encore dont prest il	Neuertheles leneth he	12
La liure pour trois mailles.	The pound for thre halfpens.
Gertrude la soeur Gillebert	Gertrude the suster of Gylbert
Est morte et trespassee;	Is deed and passed;
Prijez pour son ame.	Praye for her soule.	16
Quand trespassa elle?	Whan passed she?
Droit maintenant.	Right now.
Dieu luy pardonne	God forgyue her
Ses pechies et ses meffais.	Her synnes and her trespaces.	20
Nous yrons au corps	We shall goo to the corps
Demain a loffrande.	To morn to thoffrynge.
HEnry Point mon escu	HErry the paynter Paynteth my shelde
		24
De diuerses couleurs.	With diuerse colours.
A grand rayson	By grete reson
Ie me loe de luy.	I am plesid with hym.
IEhan le vsurier A tant preste	IOhan the usurer Hath lente so moche	28
		Quil ne scet le nombre	That he knoweth not the nombre
Del auoir quil a	Of the good that he hath
tout maisement assemble.	Alle euyll gadred to gedyr.	32
Il preste la liure	He leneth the pounde
Pour quatre deniers.	For four pens.
Kylian et ses compaignons, Pour leurs merites,	Kylian and his felaws, For their deseruynges,
		36
Sont saincts en paradys,	Ben sayntes in paradyse,
Ou est joye sans fin.	Where is ioye withoute ende.
LAmbert A marchandet a moy	LAmbert the carpenter Hath bargayned with me
		40

NAMES: LAURENCE—LUCIAN. Mason, Brewer, Tiler, &c.

De faire mon chastel,	To make my castell,
Le basse court et vne grange,	The nether court and a berne,
Et le doibt charpenter	And he oughteth to tymbre it
De bon ouurage;	Of good werke;	4
Et les degretz,	And the steyres,
Tous1 les boys charpentifs, 1 Tons	Alle the tymbre woode,
Doibt il liurer mesmes.	He is bound to deliuer hym selfe.
Laurence le machon	Laurence the masone	8
A pris a machonner,	Hath take to masone,
Et amenra des ouuriers,	And shal brynge the werkmen,
Et sont achattes	And ben bought
Bonnes pieres de marbre;	Good stones of marble;	12
Les fenestres dalbastre;	The wyndowes of alabastre;
Mais le caulx	But the lyme or chalke
Nest encore point mesure.	Is not yet moten.
Lieuin le brasseur	Lyeuyn the brewar	16
Brasse tant de ceruoyse	Breweth so moche ale
Quil ne peult vendre;	That he may not selle it;
Car il est renommees	For he is renomed
De mauuais beuurage;	Of euyll drynke;	20
Se luy conuient a le fois	So hym behoueth othirwhyle
Ietter deuant les porciaux.	To cast to fore the hogges.
	Lamfroy the couerar of tyles
Couury le belfroy	Couerd the steple	24
Descailles, de tieulles,	With skaylles, with tyles,
A mieulx quil pouoit;	The beste wyse that he may;
Encordont esty	Neuertheles is it
Par le vent descouuert.	By the wynde discouerid.	28
Leonard le couureur destrain	Lenard the thaccher
Couury ma maysoncelle	Hath couerd my litell hous
Destrain et de gluy.	With straw and with reed.
Les lattes quil achatta	The latthes that he bought	32
Ne valent riens.	Be nothyng worth.
Il fist les parois,	He made the wallis,
Et les placqua de terre,	And daubed them with erthe,
Dont est il placqueur.	Wherof he was dawber.	36
Logier le feultier	Logier the feltmaker
A maint bon chappeau	Hath many a good hatte
De beures et de feultre.	Of beuer and of felte.
	Lucian the glouer	40

NAMES: LYON—MAXIMIAN. Purser, Grocer, Surgeon, &c.

Siet dencoste moy;	Sitteth besyde me;
Faitte gans de cierf,	Maketh gloues of an herte,
De chien et de brebis.	Of hound and of sheep.
	Lyon the pursser	4
A boursses et aloyeres,	Hath pursses and pauteners,
Et les achattent les enfans;	And them bye the chyldren;
Des tasses bien ouuries.	Of the powches well wrought.
Lucie le bastarde	Lucie the bastarde	8
Ne fera iamais bien;	Shall neuer doo well;
Car elle dist mal de ceulx1 1 cenlx	For she saith euyll of them
Qui bien lui ont fait.	That well haue don to her.
MArtin le especier Vent pluiseurs especes	MArtin the grocer Selleth many spyces	12
		De toutes manieres de pouldre	Of all maners of poudre
Pour faire les brouets,	For to make browettys,
Et a moult de boistes pointes	And hath many boxes paynted	16
Plaines de confections,	Full of confections,
Et moult de cannes	And many pottes
Plaines de beuurages.	Full of drynkes.
Maurisse le surgien	Morysse the surgyan	20
Se mesle de guarir	Medleth hym to hele
Playes, claux,	Woundes, soores,
Et apostumes,	And apostomes,
De vnguements	With oynementis	24
Et demplastres;	And with plastres;
Il scet taillier de la pierre,	He can cutte out the stone,
Et guarir par beuurages	And hele by drynkes
De grauelle, de rompture.	Of the grauelle and of brekynge.	28
Maximian le maistre de medicines	Maximian the maistre of phisike
Regarde le vrine des gens;	Seeth the vrin of the peple;
Il leurs scet a dire	He can say to them
De quoy ils sont mallade:	Wherof they be seke:	32
Du mal du chief;	Of the heed ache;
Des doleurs des yeux,	Of the payne of the eyen,
Des oreilles;	Of the eres;
Sil ont2 mal es dens, 2 out	Yf they haue toth ache,	36
Aux pys, as mamelles;	Atte the breste, at the pappes;
Il scet guarir et curer	He can hele and cure
Ydropison, menison,	Dropesye, blody flyxe,
Tesyque, mormal,	Tesyke, mormale,	40

NAMES: MABEL—OBEROL. Tailoress, Mustard-maker, &c.

Pieds, vngles,	Feet, nayles,
Fieures quartaines et tiercaines,	Fever quartayn and tercian,
De le gaunisse	Of the Jaundyse5 5 Janudyse
(Dont dieu nous garde),	(Wherof god kepe vs),	4
Et de tout ce	And of all that
Que greuer nous pourroit.	That may greue us.
Il dont conseil a artetique	He gyueth conseill for the goute
Et daultres languers;	And for othir seknesses;	8
Il a moult de bonnes herbes.	He hath many good herbes.
1 1 consturiere	Mabyll the shepster
Se chauist tres bien;	Cheuissheth her right well;
Elle fait sourplis,	She maketh surplys,	12
Chemyses, brayes,	Shertes, breches,
Courechiefs, et tout ce	Keuerchifs, and all that
Que on peult ouurer	That may be wrought
De ligne drap.	Of lynnen cloth.	16
Mahault le huuetier	Maulde the huue or calle maker
Se maintient sagement;	Maynteneth her wisely;
Elle vend chier ses huues;	She selleth dere her calles or huues;
Elles les keut2 de deux coustures3. 3 constures 2 kent	She soweth them with two semes.	20
NYchole le mostardier A bon vinaigre,	NYcholas the mustardmaker Hath good vynegre,
		Bon verius, bon moustarde,	Good veriuse, good mustarde,
Galentine sausse,	Galentyne sawce,	24
Noir poiure,	Black pepre,
Bonne gansailliede4. 4 gausailliede	Good ganselyn6. 6 gauselyn
Natalie la dame des estuues	Natalye the wyf of the stewes
Tient bonne estuue,	Kepeth a good styewe,	28
La plus souffisante de la cite;	The moste suffysaunte of the cite;
Ilz y vont estuuer	They goon thedyr to be stewed
Toutes les estrangiers.	Alle the strangers.
Elle demeure	She duelleth	32
Deriere le mur des carmes.	After the walle of the white freris.
OLiuier Gaigne a couretage,	OLyuer the brocour Wynneth by brocorage,
		A vng denier a dieu,	With one goddes peny,	36
Vingt liures ou trente.	Twenty pound or thyrty.
Oberol le hostelier	Oberol the hosteler
A touts les bons hostes;	Hath all the good ghestes;
Il a les allemains	He hath the alemayns	40

NAMES: ONNOUR—OGIER. Inn-Guests, Prison-keeper, &c.

Quon appelle oesterlins,	That men calle esterlyngis,
Poyteuins, fransoys,	Poyteuyns, frenshemen,
Engloys, brabansois,	Englishmen, brabanders,
Flamengs, lombars,	Flemyngis, lombardis,	4
Espaignoys, Portingalois,	Spaynardys, portingalers,
Geneuoys, escochoys,	Ienewys, scottes,
Haynewiers, hollandois,	Heynewiers, hollanders,
Danoys, frisons.	Danes men, of friseland.	8
Onnore Garde le prison	Onnour the kepar of the tour Kepeth the prison
		La les prisonniers sont;	There the prisonners bee;
Il y sont laronnes, mourdriers,	There ben theues, murderers,	12
Faulx monnoyers, robbeurs,	False money makers, robbers,
Afourceurs de femmes,	Rauisshers of wymmen,
Coppeurs de boursses.	Cuttars of purses.
Les vng pend on;	That one men hange;	16
Les aultres traynnon;	The othir be drawen;
Les aultres mettons sur roels;	The othir ben sette on wheles;
Ceux qui coppent boursses	Them that cutte purses
Coppe on les oreylles.	Cutte men the eres of.	20
Bussyn a a nom	Bussin is named
Ly bouriaulx de bruges.	The hangman of bruges.
Puis que malefaicteurs	After that the euyll doers
ount gehy leurs meffais,	Haue knowlechid her euyll dedes,	24
Les a il a mestrijer;	He hath them to mastrye;
Dieu nous garde	God kepe vs
De sa meistrise!	Fro his maystrye!
Baillius, escoutetes1, 1 estoutetes	Bayllyes, scoutes,	28
Aulcuns des escheuins,	Somme of the skepyns,
Cheuaucent auecq,	Ryde with,
La on les met a mort,	There as they be put to deth,
Et les sergeans ysont ainsy;	And the sergeants ben there also;	32
Ceulx qui eschappent	They that escape
Seront banny hors du pays	Shall be banysshed out of the londe
Sur pain dy estre penduz.	Vpon payne to be hanged.
Ogier le fauconner	Ogier the fauconer	36
Aporta des faucons,	Brought faucons,
Oystoires dardane,	Gerfaucons of ardane,
Espreuiers,	Spere haukes,
Quil vendra a montpellier.	That he shall sell at monpeller.	40

NAMES: OGIER—QUERYNE. Woolbeater, Cooper, &c.

Ogier le poulaillier	Ogier the pulter
A des poules asses,	Hath polettes ynowhe,
Quils ne sont trop cras	Which ben not ouer fatte
Ne trop magre.	ne ouer lene.	4
Pyere le bateure de laine Va tout oyseux,	PEter the betar of wulle Gooth alle ydle,
		Car son doyen	For his dene
Lui a deffendu son mestier	Hath forboden hym his craft	8
Sour lamende de vingt solz,	Vpon thamendes of xx. shelyngs,
Jusques a dont1 quil aura2 1 dout	Till that he shall haue
Achatte sa franchise. 2 anra	Bought his franchyse.
Il sen plaindra	He shall complaine hym	12
Au burchmaistre,	Unto bourghmaistre,
Et les gardiens des mestiers	And the wardeyns of the crafte
Nen font compte.	sette not therby.
Poul le cuuelier	Poule the couper	16
Faict et refaict les cuues,	Maketh and formaketh the keupis,
tonniaulx, vaissiaux	Barellis, vessellis
Courans et gouttans.	Lekyng and droppyng.
	Paulyn the metar of corne	20
A tant mesure	Hath so moche moten
De bled et de mestelon	Of corne and of mestelyn
Quil ne peult plus de viellesse;	That he may no more for age;
Il est tout gryse.	He is alle graye.	24
Il donna a chescun sa mesure.	He gyueth to euerich his mesure.
Pieronne sa filleule	Pieryne his doughter
Est la pieure garce	Is the shrewest ghyrle
Que ie sache de cha la mere.	That I knowe on this side the see.	28
QUintin le tollenier A pris de moy	QVyntyne the tollar Hath taken of me
		Vng liure de gros	A pound of grotes
Plus quil ne debuoit prendre	More than he ought to take	32
Du droit3 tonlieu; 3 troit	Of right tolle.
Sy me trayeray	So shall I drawe me
Au recepueur	Vnto the receyuour
Pour men droit requerre.	For my right to requyre.	36
Quirin le detier	Queryne the dysemaker
Vendt ses dees	Selleth his dyse
Ainsi qui veult a prest argent;	As he wyll for redy money;
Cest bonne marchandise.	Hit is good marchandyse.	40

NAMES: ROBERT—RANDOLF. Carrier, Handworker, &c.

RObert le messagier Est enuoyes au roy,	RObert the messager Is sent to the kynge
		A tout deux paires de lettres	With two paire of lettres
Sellees du seal royal.	Sealed with the kynges seal.	4
Roberte la cerenceresse	Roberte the heklester
Na plus de channeue,	Hath no more hempe,
Et a perdu sa cerench;	And hath lost her hekell;
Elle vendra son lin.	She shall selle her flaxe.	8
	Rychard the carier
(Richier le chareton)	(Richer the cartar)
Menra du fien sur ma terre	Shall lede dong on my land
Quand elle sera ahanne,	Whan it shall be ered,	12
Et sur mon courtil	And on my herber
Quand il sera fouys,	Whan it shall be doluen,
Et au gardin	And in to the orchard
Entour les arbres.	Aboute the trees.	16
Rolland le mainouurier	Rolande the handwerker
Fera mon prayel,	Shall make my pryelle,
Vne soif entour.	An hegge aboute.
Rogier le coustre	Roger the sextayn	20
Est a auignon,	Is at auinion,
Pour empetrer	For to gete
Vne cure, vne chapelrie;	A cure, a fre chapell;
Voire se dieu plaist.	Ye truly, yf god wyll.	24
Rainier le esquier	Reyner the squyer
Est aus Joustes,	Is atte Justes,
Aux tournoys, acompaignie	At the tornoye, acompanyed
Tres honnourablement;	Right worshipfully;	28
Il a mon rouchin,	He hath my coursour,
Mon palefroy, mon destrier,	My palfreye, my stede,
Mes lances.	My speres.
Il aura le pris.	He shall haue the prys.	32
Raulle le changier	Randolf the changer
A sys a change trente ans.	Hath seten in the change xxx. yere.
Les monnoyes sont bien desirees,	The moneyes ben well desired,
Si que les gens se mettent en peril	So that folke put hem in peryll	36
Destre dampnes.	To be dampned.
Cest grand folye	It is grete folye
De donner le eternalite	For to gyue the eternalite
Pour le temporalite.	For the temporalte.	40

NAMES: WALTER—YSAAC. Brushmaker, Currier, &c.

WAultier le paternostrier Vend a le dedicasse	Walter the paternoster maker Solde at the dedicacion
		Paternosters de cristal,	Bedes of cristall,
Par dousaines en gros,	By doseyns in grete,	4
Dambre, de voire, et de cornes.	Of ambre, of glas, and of hornes.
Willame le rammonier	William the brusshemaker
Vendt les rammons par loysir.	Selleth the brusshes by leyzer.
Ce poise moy; ie vouldroye	Wo is me; I wolde	8
Quil le vendisist bien.	That he solde well.
	Valeryen the tawyer
A moult dauantage	Hath moche auantage
En ce quil vend cuyr,	In that that he selleth lether,	12
Car il le tanne meisme.	For he taweth hymselfe.
Walram le coureur	Walram the coryer
Faict vng ort mestier.	Dooth a foul crafte.
Il pute aual la maison;	He stynketh after the hous;	16
Il coure ses piaulx	He coryeth his hydes
De saing de herencs.	With sayme of heryngs.
	Vedast the graywerker
Vendi orains a madame	Solde whiler to my lady	20
Vne pelice de vaire	A pylche of graye
Et de bonnes fourrures.	And of good furres.
Wauburge le pelletiere	Wauburge the pilchemaker1 1 piclh-
Refaicte vng plice bien;	Formaketh a pylche well;	24
Aussi faict son baron.	So doth her husbonde.
XpristienA Me faict ung goriel;	Xpristrian the colermaker Maketh to me a coler;
		Dont aray deux goriaulx	Than shal I haue two coliers	28
Pour mes cheuaulx de querue.	For my horses of the plowh.
Xpristiene la fylle	Xpristine the doughter
Se plaint du serrurier,	Complayned her of the lokyer,
Pour ce quil nye	By cause that he denyeth	32
Dun enfant quil gaigna.	Of a child that he wan.
YZores le hugiers Fist le forcier de mamye,	Ysores the Joynar Made a forcer for my loue,
		Sa luysel, son escrijn.	Her cheste, hir scryne2. 2 scyrne	36
Ysaac le vigneron	Ysaac the wyneman
Yra as vignes.	Shall to the vyneyerd.
Il me souhaidera des crappes;	He shall weeshe me of the grapes;
Car en les vignes	For in the vyneyerd	40

NAMES: Kettlemaker, Proctor, &c. GOD IS MERCIFUL.

Gaignera il asses.	He shall wyn[n]e ynowh.
Ysaac le chauderlier	Ysaac the ketelmaker
Donne quatre chaudrons,	Gyueth four ketellis,
Contenant douze galons chescun,	Conteynyng twelue galons euerich,	4
Pour quarant gros le piece.	For fourty grotes the pece.
Et le bon chandelliere	And the good candelmaker
Donne quatre chandeylles de sieu1 1 sleu	Gyueth foure talow candellis
Pour vng denier le piece.	For one peny the pece.	8
ZAchare le procureur Mapporte vne sommonce;	ZAchare the proctour Hath brought me a sommonce;
		Car iay faicte sommondre	For I haue to do somone
Ierome le barbier;	Iherome the barbour;	12
Ie playderay encontre luy.	I shall plete ayenst hym.
	Iosse the parchemyn maker
Me vendi vne piel parcemyn	Solde me a skyn of parchemyn
Qui tout flua,	That alle flued,	16
Et vne couuerture de franchin	And a coueryng of franchyn
Rees a vng les,	Shauen on the one syde,
Qui riens ne valoit,	Whiche nought was worth,
Que ie ny puis sus escripre.	That I myght not write vpon.	20
Va querre vne ponce2 2 pouce	Goo fecche a pomyce
Et du meillour papier,	And of the best papier,
Mon caniuet, mes forcettes.	My penknyf, my sheris.
Iescripray vne lettre damours;	I shall write a lettre of loue,	24
Se lenuoyeray a mamye.	And shall sende it to my loue.
[CH. IX.]
Je suy tout lasses De tant de noms nommer	I am alle wery Of so many names to name
		De tant de mestiers,	Of so many craftes,	28
Tant doffices, tant deseruices;	So many offices, so many seruises;
Je me veul reposer.	I wyll reste me.
Encore dont, pour ralongier Ce que iay comenciet,	Neuertheless, for to lengthe That whiche I haue begonne,
		32
Diray ie du meilleur:	I shall saye the beste:
Cest que dieu nous crea	That is, that god hath made vs
A la samblance	Vnto the lykenes
De luy mesmes.	Of hym selfe.	36
Je dy au commencement,	I saye atte begynnyng,
Qui bien fera bien aura.	Who doth well shall well haue.
Dieu est misericors,	God is mercyfull,
Et si est iuste;	And so he is rightfull;	40

SERVE OUR LORD AND THE SAINTS.

Il a mercy des pecheurs	He hath mercy of the synnars
Qui cognoistre se veullent;	Which hem selfe wyll knowe;
De ceulx qui ont repentance,	Of them that haue repentaunce,
Qui fasse vraye confession,	Which make verry confession,	4
Et leur penance parfacent	And theyr penaunce fuldoo
Que le confesseur leurs charge.	That the confessour them charge.
Et le faulx mauuais,	And the false euyll,
Que damender nont cure,	That to amende them recche not,	8
Selon la saincte escripture,	After the holy scripture,
Sont en auenture de perir.	Ben in aduenture to perysshe.
Pour ce est il mal aduises	Therfore he is euyll aduised
Qui nauret le1 sent 1? se	That wounded hym selfe feleth	12
En peril de mort,	In peryll of deth,
Sil ne prend remede	Yf he take not remedye
Quand il le scet ou trouuer.	Whan he knoweth wher to fynde.
On dist qui sert nostre seigneur,	Men saye who serueth our lord,	16
Et la vierge marie,	And the mayde marye,
Les sains apostles,	The holy apostles,
Les2 quatre euangelistes, 2 Le	The foure euangelistes,
Angeles et archangeles,	Angelis and archangelis,	20
Prophetes et martirs,	Prophetes and martris,
Patriarces, confesseurs,	Patriarkis, confessours,
Sainttes viergenes,	Holy virgynes,
Sainctes vesues,	Holy wedowes,	24
Saints innocens—	Holy innocentes—
Ces saints et sainctes—	These saynctes—
Il attend bon loijer	He attendeth good reward
Enuers dieu par leurs priers.	Anenst god by theyr prayers.	28
On doibt oyr messe	Men ought to here masse
Et touttes les heures du iour;	And all the houres of the day;
Qui en est aysies au moins.	Whiche is at his ease atte leste.
Aller veoir le sacrament	Goo see the sacrament	32
Est vng bon desiunement.	Is a good brekefast.
Se vous debues	Yf ye owe
Aucunes pelerinages,	Ony pylgremages,
Si les payes hastiuement.	So paye them hastely.	36
Quand vous estes meus	Whan ye be meuyd
Pour aller vostre voyage,	For to goo your viage,
Et vous ne scaues le chemin,	And ye knowe not the waye,
Si le demandes ainssi3, 3 amssi	So axe it thus,	40

TRAVEL TALK. LODGING FOR HORSE AND MAN.

En commandant les gens a dieu:	In comandyng the peple to god:
‘A dieu, bonnes gens;	‘To god, goode peple;
Ie men voie a sainct Jaques,	I goo to saynt James,
A nostre dame de boulogne.	To our lady of boloyne.	4
A la quelle porte ysseray ie,	At whiche gate shall I goo out,
Et a quelle main	And at whiche hande
Prenderay ie mon chemyn?’”	Shall I take my way?’”
A le main dextre,	On the right hande,	8
Quand vous venres a vng pont,	Whan ye come to a brigge,
Si les passes;	So goo ther over;
Vous trouueres vne voyette	Ye shall fynde a lytill waye
A le main senestre,	On the lyfte honde,	12
Qui vous menra en vne contre	Whiche shall brynge you in a contre
La vous verres sur vne eglise	There shall ye see vpon a chirche
Deux haultes clocquiers;	Two hye steples;
De la aurez vous	Fro thens shall ye haue	16
Que quatre lieuwes	But four myle
Iusques a vostre gyste.	Vnto your loggyng.
La seres vous bien aisies	There shall ye be well easyd
Pour vostre argent,	For your money,	20
Et se y aures bon hostel.	And ye shall haue a good Jnne.
“Dame, dieu y soit!”	“Dame, god be here!”
“Compain, vous soies bien venus.”	“Felaw, ye be welcome.”
“Poroye ie auoir	“May I haue	24
Ung licte chyens?	A bedde here withinne?
Pourray ie cy herbegier?”	May I here be logged?”
“Oyl, bien et nettement,	“Ye, well and clenly,
Si fussies vous dousisme1, 1 donsisme	Alle were ye twelue,	28
tout a cheual.”	Alle on horseback.”
“Nennil,2 fors que nous trois. 2 Nenuil	“Nay, but we thre.
A il a mengier chy ens?”	Is there to ete here within?”
“Oyl, asses, dieu mercy.”	“Ye, ynough, god be thanked.”	32
“Apportes nous ent.	“Brynge it to vs.
Donnes du fain as cheuaulx,	Gyue heye to the hors,
Et les estraines bien;	And strawe them well;
Mais quils soient abuures.”	But that they be watred.”	36
“Dame que debuons nous?	“Dame what owe we?
Nous avons este bien aise.	We have ben well easyd.
Nous compterons demain,	We shall rekene to morow,
Et payerons aussi,	And shall paye also,	40

AT THE INN. A NUMBER-BOOK TO BE WRITTEN.

Que vous vous en loeres.	That ye shall hold you plesid.
Menes nous couchier;	Brynge vs to slepe;
Nous sommes lasses.”	We ben wery.”
“Bien, ie voye, vous reposeres.	“Well, I goo, ye shall reste.	4
Iannette, alumes le chandeille;	Ienette, lyghte the candell;
Si les menes la sus	And lede them ther aboue
Ou soler deuant;	In the solere tofore;
Si leur porte de liauwe chaude	And bere them hoot watre	8
pour lauer leurs pieds;	For to wasshe their feet;
Si les couure de coussins.	And couere them with quysshons.
Regarde que lestable	Se that the stable
Soit bien fremme.” [? ferme]	Be well shette.”	12
“Dame, peult on nauyer	“Dame, may men goo by ship
Descy a bouloigne?”	Fro hens to boloyne?”
“Oyl, maintenant il ya	“Ye, now ther is
Vne nef preste plaine de gens.	A shippe redy ful of peple.	16
Dieu les veulle conduire!	God well them conduyte!
Dieu les amaine a sauuete!	God brynge them in sauete!
Dieu les laisse leur voye	God late them theyr waye
Bien employer!	Well fulcome!	20
Escoutes! il tonne et esclire;	Herke! it thondreth and lyghtneth;
Y pluyt et gresille;	It rayneth and haylleth;
Dieu saulue les biens des champs!”	God saue the goodes of the feldes!”
“Dieu en puist souuenir.”	“God may them bythynke.”	24
Seigneurs, qui vouldroit,	Lordes, who wolde,
Ce liure ne fineroit iamais,	This boke shold neuer be ended,
Car on ne pourroit tant escripre	For men may not so moche write
Quon ne trouueroit toudis plus:	Me shold fynde alway more:	28
Le parchemin est debonnaire;	The parchemen is so meke;
Il seuffre sour luy escripre	Hit suffreth on hit to write
Quancques on veult.	What someuer men wylle.
[CH. X.]
CY appres vous deuiseray Vng liuret quon appelle	HEre after I shall deuyse you A litell book that men call	32
		Le nombre, le quel est	The nombre, the which is
Moult prouffytable,	Moche prouffytable1, 1 pronffytable
Par le quel	By the whiche	36
On pourra scauoir compter	Men shall mowe conne rekene
De denier as deniers;	Fro peny2 to pens; 2 peuy
Si en poes retenir	So may ye reteyne
Les debtes quon vous doibt,	The dettes that men owe you,	40

NUMBERS AND COINS. THE EPILOGUE.

Et les receptes	And the receyttes
Que vous aues rechupt	That ye haue receyuyd
Ou que vous aues paiet.	Or that ye haue payd.
Si commencies ainsi	So begynne all thus	4
Comme est declare cy apres:	As is declared hereafter:
UNg, Quatre, chincq, six,	ONe, tweyne, thre, Foure, fyue, sixe,
		Sept, huyt, neuf, dix,	Seuen, eight, nyne, ten,	8
Onze, douze, treze,	Enleuen, twelue, thirtene,
Quatourze, quinze, seze,	Fourtene, fiftene, sixtene,
Dixsept, dixhuyt,	Seuentene, eyghtene,
Dixneuf, vingt,	Nynetene, twenty,	12
Trente, quarante,	Thretty, fourty,
Chincquante, soixante,	Fyfty, Syxty,
Septante, huytante,	Seuenty, eyghty,
Ou quatre vingt,	Or four score,	16
Nonante, Cent,	Nynty, hondred,
Deux cents,	Two hondred,
Mille, Cent mille,	A thousand, a hondred thousand,
Vng million;	A myllyon;	20
Ainsi toudis montant.	Thus alleway mountyng.
Vne liure de strelins,	A pound sterlings,
Vne marcq que vault	A marcke that is worth
Deux nobles1 dangleter, 1 uobles	Two nobles of englonde,	24
Vne liure de gros,	A pound grete,
Monoye de flaundres,	Moneye of flaundres,
Vne soulde que vault	A shellyng that is worth
Trois gros ou douze deniers,	Thre grotis or twelue pens,	28
Vne gros vault quatre deniers,	A grote is worth four pens,
Vng denier, vne maille,	A peny, a halfpeny,
Vng quadrant, vne mite.	A ferdyng, a myte.
———
CY fine ceste doctrine, A westmestre les loundres	HEre endeth this doctrine, At westmestre, by london,	32
		En formes impressee,	In fourmes enprinted,
En le quelle vng chescun	In the whiche one euerich
Pourra briefment aprendre	May shortly lerne	36
Fransois et engloys.	Frenssh and englissh.
La grace de sainct esperit	The grace of the holy ghoost
Veul enluminer les cures	Wylle enlyghte the hertes

A CONCLUDING PRAYER.

De ceulx qui le aprendront,	Of them that shall lerne it,
Et nous doinst perseuerance	And vs gyue perseueraunce
En bonnes operacions,	In good werkes,
Et apres cest1 vie transitorie 1 ceste, Blades ii. 133.	And after lyf2 transitorie 2 this lyf, Blades ii. 133.	4
La pardurable ioye & glorie!	The euerlastyng ioye and glorie!