Bibliography
A. General
Tholuck, F. A. G., Ssufismus sive Theosophia Persarum pantheistica (Berlin, 1821).
In Latin. Out of date in some respects, but still worth reading.
Palmer, E. H., Oriental Mysticism (Cambridge, 1867).
A treatise on Persian theosophy, based on a work by Nasafī.
Von Kremer, A., Geschichte der herrschenden Ideen des Islams (Leipzig, 1868), pp. 52–121.
A brilliant sketch of the origin and development of Sūfism.
Goldziher, I., Vorlesungen über den Islam (Heidelberg, 1910), pp. 139–200.
An account of Sūfī asceticism and mysticism by the greatest living authority on Islam.
Goldziher, I., Muhammedanische Studien (Halle, 1888–90), Part ii., pp. 277–378.
Gives full details concerning the worship of Moslem saints.
Macdonald, D. B., The Religious Life and Attitude in Islam (Chicago, 1909).
A valuable introduction to the study of the moderate type of Sūfism represented by Ghazālī. The chapters on psychology are particularly helpful.
Iqbal, Shaikh Muhammad, The Development of Metaphysics in Persia (London, 1908), pp. 96 ff.
Gibb, E. J. W., History of Turkish Poetry (London, 1900–1909), vol. i. pp. 15–69.
Outlines of Persian philosophic mysticism.
Browne, E. G., Literary History of Persia (London, 1902), vol. i. pp. 416–444.
Brown, J. P., The Dervishes, or Oriental Spiritualism (London, 1868).
Unscientific, but contains much interesting material.
Depont, O., and Coppolani, X., Les Confréries religieuses musulmanes (Algiers, 1897).
A standard work on the Dervish Orders.
B. Translations
Hujwīrī, Kashf al-Mahjūb, translated by R. A. Nicholson (London, 1911).
The oldest Persian treatise on Sūfism.
ʿAttār, Le Manticu ’ttair ou le Langage des Oiseaux, translated, with an essay on the philosophical and religious poetry of Persia, by Garcin de Tassy (Paris, 1864).
Jalāluddīn Rūmī, Masnavī, abridged translation by E. H. Whinfield, 2nd ed. (London, 1898).
Masnavī, Book i., translated by Sir James Redhouse (London, 1881).
Masnavī, Book ii., translated with commentary by C. E. Wilson (London, 1910).
Selected Odes from the Dīvāni Shamsi Tabrīz, Persian text with English translation, introduction, and notes by R. A. Nicholson (Cambridge, 1898).
Mahmūd Shabistarī, Gulshani Rāz, Persian text with English translation, introduction, and notes by E. H. Whinfield (London, 1880).
A versified exposition of the chief Sūfī doctrines. It should be read by every one who is seriously interested in the subject.
Notes
1. Footnotes have been placed immediately below the paragraph within which they occur, and marked numerically.
2. A period has been removed following the subheading Gnosticism (Page 14), for consistency with other subheadings.
3. strenously (Page 51) has been corrected to strenuously.
4. The missing word I has been inserted in the passage the next world belongs to him towards whom I have brought it (Page 78).
5. The name printed as Fitz Gerald (Page 97) has been rendered as FitzGerald (the usual form for this writer).
6. A single close-quote mark has been inserted after vouchsafed to him (Page 127).
7. karāmat (Page 129) has been changed to karāmāt.
8. The line beginning Then he quotes (Page 160) has had its indentation reduced, as it is part of the main text and not (as printed) part of the preceding quotation.
9. Index: The character ʿ has been added in the words Abu ’l-Khayr al-Aqtaʿ, ʿAlāʾuddīn, muʿjizat, Muʿtazilites, and Rābiʿa.
10. Apparent inconsistencies in whether hyphens occur in the word pairs well known, passed away, and above mentioned are judged to be due to differences in sense, and no amendments have been made.