Appendix B
Dr. Johnson’s Letter to Dr. Taylor.
“Dear Sir,
hen I was at Edinburgh I had a letter from you, telling me that in answer to some enquiry you were informed that I was in the Sky. I was then I suppose in the western islands of Scotland; I set out on the northern expedition August 6, and came back to Fleet-street, November 26. I have seen a new region.
“I have been upon seven of the islands, and probably should have visited many more, had we not begun our journey so late in the year, that the stormy weather came upon us, and the storms have I believe for about five months hardly any intermission.
“Your Letter told me that you were better. When you write do not forget to confirm that account. I had very little ill health while I was on the journey, and bore rain and wind tolerably well. I had a cold and deafness only for a few days, and those days I passed at a good house. I have traversed the east coast of Scotland from south to north from Edinburgh to Inverness, and the west coast from north to south, from the Highlands to Glasgow, and am come back as I went,
“Sir,
“Your affectionate humble servant,
“Sam. Johnson.
“Jan. 15, 1774.
“To the Reverend Dr. Taylor,
“in Ashbourn,
“Derbyshire.”
Footnotes
1 John Knox’s Tour through the Highlands, pp. 77, 132.
2 Croker’s Boswell, p. 314.
3 Croker’s Correspondence, ii. 33; Croker’s Boswell, p. 409.
4 Johnson’s Works, ix. 36.
5 Johnson calls this mountain “Ratiken;” Boswell, “the Rattakin.” It is known as Mam-Rattachan. Mam signifies a mountain pass or chasm. See Blackie’s Etymological Geography (ed. 1875), p. 112.
6 Johnson’s Works, ix. 63.
7 “The peats at Dunvegan, which were damp, Dr. Johnson called ‘a sullen fuel.’ Here a Scottish phrase was singularly applied to him. One of the company having remarked that he had gone out on a stormy evening, and brought in a supply of peats from the stack, old Mr. M’Sweyn said, ‘that was main honest.’”—Boswell’s Johnson, v. 303.
8 See Boswell’s Johnson, v. 214, for Boswell’s account.
9 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 258.
10 My informant placed the scene of this story at the house of a Captain or Colonel Campbell in Mull. There was a Mr. Campbell, one of the Duke of Argyle’s tacksmen, or chief tenants, in that island, who furnished Boswell and Johnson with horses; but it is not mentioned that they went to his house—they certainly did not pass a night there. See Boswell’s Johnson, v. 332, 340.
11 Johnson’s Works, ix. 142.
12 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 341.
13 See Les Confessions, bk. iii.
14 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 256.
15 Piozzi Letters, i. 138.
16 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 337.
17 See Letters of David Hume to William Strahan, pp. 56, 114, 132.
18 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 20.
19 Scots Magazine, 1773, p. 133.
20 Ib. 1784, p. 685.
21 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 406.
22 Ib. ii. 305-6.
23 Croker’s Correspondence, ii. 34.
24 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 306.
25 Ib. ii. 303-5.
26 Letters from Edinburgh, 1774-5, London, 1776, published without a name, but written by Captain Edward Topham, pp. 137-140. Arnot, in his History of Edinburgh, p. 361, after ridiculing Topham’s statement, that golf is played on the top of Arthur’s Seat, continues: “These letters are written with spirit and impartiality. But the facts and criticisms contained in them are for the most part equally ill-founded. Yet so candid is the author amidst his errors, that it is hard to say whether he is more erroneous when he speaks in praise or censure of the Scottish nation.” It is possible and perhaps probable that he has exaggerated the ill-will against Johnson. The passage which he puts in quotation marks is not in the Journey.
27 Knox’s Tour, p. lxvii.
28 Burton’s Life of Hume, ii. 31.
29 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 396.
30 Walpole’s Journal of the Reign of George III. (ed. 1859), ii. 17, 483.
31 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 307.
32 Johnson’s Works, ix. 19.
33 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 308.
34 Macaulay’s Miscellaneous Writings, ed. 1871, p. 390.
35 Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides, pp. 263-7.
36 Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides, p. 270.
37 Johnson’s Works, ix. 8.
38 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 71.
39 M’Nicol, p. 287.
40 Piozzi Letters, i. 114.
41 M’Nicol, p. 273.
42 See ante, p. 5.
43 M’Nicol, p. 266.
44 Boswell’s Johnson, iv. 183.
45 Ib. ii. 435, n. 1, and Forbes’s Life of Beattie, p. 218.
46 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 306.
47 Ib. ii. 301.
48 Ib. v. 20.
49 Ib. ii. 307.
50 Ib. ii. 296.
51 Works, ix. 158.
52 Ib. p. 154.
53 Ib. p. 116.
54 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 128.
55 Ib. v. 248.
56 Works, ix. 24. Hottentot—“a respectable Hottentot”—was the term which for more than a hundred years was supposed to have been applied to Johnson by Lord Chesterfield. I have proved, however, that it was not Johnson, but the first Lord Lyttelton who was meant. See my Dr. Johnson: His Friends and his Critics, p. 214, and my edition of Boswell’s Johnson, i. 267.
57 Forbes’s Life of Beattie, p. 217.
58 Works, ix. 76.
59 Ib. p. 86.
60 Works, ix. 86.
61 Ib.
62 Ib. p. 112.
63 Ib. p. 47.
64 Ib. p. 115.
65 Ib. p. 3. Johnson, it should be remarked, does not write “the ruffians of the Reformation.” He uses the word as South does, when he speaks of “those times which had reformed so many churches to the ground” (South’s Sermons, ed. 1823, i. 173). No man upheld the Reformed Church of England more strongly than South.
66 Works, ix. 6.
67 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 61.
68 Works, ix. 61.
69 Ib. p. 4.
70 Ib. p. 7.
71 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 306.
72 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 74. He repeats this statement five years later (Ib. p. 207).
73 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 290.
74 Works, ix. 161.
75 Ib. p. 159.
76 Ib. p. 1.
77 Ib. p. 3.
78 Works, p. 11.
79 Works, p. 14.
80 Ib. p. 10.
81 Ib. pp. 30, 159.
82 Ib. p. 102.
83 Ib. p. 54.
84 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 288.
85 Works, ix. 118.
86 Ib. p. 25.
87 Ib. p. 32.
88 Ib. pp. 50, 97.
89 Ib. p. 62.
90 Ib. p. 67.
91 Works, p. 63.
92 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 318.
93 Ib. iii. 236.
94 Works, ix. 19, 51.
95 Ib. p. 52.
96 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 146.
97 Piozzi Letters, i. 137.
98 Ib. pp. 127, 165.
99 Ib. p. 182.
100 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 262.
101 Ib. v. 283.
102 Piozzi Letters, i. 167.
103 Works, ix. 117.
104 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 283, n. 1.
105 Francis’s Horace, Odes, IV. ix. 26.
106 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 14.
107 From the original, in the possession of Mr. W. R. Smith, of Greatham Moor, West Liss.
108 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 344.
109 Ib. 392.
110 “Through various hazards and events we move.” Dryden, Æneid, i. 204.
111 “Long labours both by sea and land he bore.” Ib. i. 3.
112 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 268.
113 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 450.
114 Ib.
115 He was sixty-four.
116 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 278.
117 Piozzi Letters, i. 158.
118 Ib. i. 120.
119 Ib. i. 188.
120 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 324.
121 Ib. iv. 199.
122 Ib. v. 377.
123 Tour in Scotland (ed. 1776), ii. 59. The Bruar is near Blair-Athole.
124 Johnson’s Works, ix. 84.
125 Troil’s Letters on Iceland (3rd ed.), p. 288. There is a notice of the discovery in the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1772, p. 540, and in the Annual Register for the same year, i. 139.
126 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 348.
127 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 233.
128 He was stationed there with his regiment. Wright’s Life of General Wolfe, p. 271.
129 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 141.
130 Ib. iii. 303.
131 Gray’s Works, iv. 57.
132 Ib. ii. 78.
133 George Selwyn and his Contemporaries, ii. 319.
134 Camden’s Description of Scotland (ed. 1695), p. 137.
135 Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland, ii. 339.
136 Ib. p. 13.
137 James Ray’s History of the Rebellion of 1747 (ed. 1752), pp. 365, 383.
138 Gray’s Works, iv. 150.
139 Walpole’s Letters, v. 501.
140 An Excursion to the Lakes, p. 157.
141 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 336, 465.
142 Tour in Scotland, i. 222.
143 Beattie’s Essays on Poetry and Music, p. 169.
144 Voyage en Angleterre, etc., ii. 201.
145 Piozzi Letters, i. 154, and Boswell’s Johnson, v. 231.
146 Croker’s Boswell (ed. 1835), iv. 327.
147 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 302.
148 Johnson’s Works, ix. 25.
149 Piozzi Letters, i. 138.
150 Works, ix. 78, 153.
151 Ib. p. 153.
152 Ib. p. 156.
153 Ib. p. 150.
154 Ib. p. 35.
155 Piozzi Letters, i. 135.
156 Works, ix. 73.
157 Ib. p. 156.
158 Piozzi Letters, i. 169.
159 Works, ix. 25.
160 Ib. p. 36.
161 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iii. 239.
162 Goldsmith’s Traveller, l. 319.
163 Wordsworth’s Works, ii. 284.
164 The Traveller, l. 125.
165 Wordsworth’s Works, iv. 99.
166 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 99.
167 Kames’ Sketches of the History of Man, i. 274.
168 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 77. The superiority of the gardeners was most likely due to the superiority of the education of the poorer classes.
169 Ib. ii. 78.
170 W. Gilpin’s Observations relative to Picturesque Beauty in the year 1776, i. 117, 123, 141.
171 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 248.
172 Forster’s Life of Goldsmith, i. 433.
173 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1754, p. 119.
174 Knox’s Tour through the Highlands of Scotland, p. 5.
175 Piozzi Letters, i. 120.
176 Works, ix. 17.
177 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 120.
178 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 230.
179 Cockburn’s Life of Lord Jeffrey, i. 348.
180 Gray’s Works, iv. 59.
181 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, ii. 21.
182 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland, iii. 15.
183 Scots Magazine, 1772, p. 25.
184 Croker’s Boswell (8vo. ed.), p. 285.
185 Croker’s Correspondence, ii. 34.
186 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 319.
187 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 366.
188 Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, i. 112.
189 Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century, ii. 212, 227, 228, 231, 272, 277.
190 Johnson’s Works, ix. 121.
191 Wealth of Nations, i. 309.
192 Piozzi Letters, i. 116.
193 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, ii. 138.
194 Piozzi Letters, i. 121.
195 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 347.
196 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 229.
197 Humphry Clinker, ii. 233.
198 E. D. Dunbar’s Social Life, ii. 147.
199 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland, vol. iii. p. 6.
200 Humphry Clinker, ii. 212.
201 Ib.
202 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain, vol. iii. p. vii.
203 The Present State of Scotland, pp. 39, 42, 112, 114, 119.
204 A Journey through part of England and Scotland with the Army. By a Volunteer. P. 53.
205 Scots Magazine, 1772, p. 24.
206 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 40.
207 Memoirs of the Reign of George III., iv. 328.
208 Humphry Clinker, ii. 176. See my edition of Letters of David Hume to William Strahan, pp. 56-64, for the violence of feeling between the English and Scotch at this time.
209 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 425.
210 Works, ix. 158.
211 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 248.
212 Works, ix. 24.
213 Smollett’s History of England, ii. 99.
214 Humphry Clinker, iii. 7.
215 Wealth of Nations, i. 308.
216 Hume’s History of England, vii. 438.
217 Past and Present (ed. 1858), p. 80.
218 Works, ix. 23.
219 Humphry Clinker, iii. 83.
220 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 13.
221 Ib. p. 272.
222 Ib. iv. 229.
223 Ib. ii. 412.
224 Ib. iii. 179.
225 Humphry Clinker, iii. 44.
226 Ib. iii. 83.
227 Kames’s Sketches of the History of Man, ii. 333.
228 Wealth of Nations, i. 222.
229 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, p. 276.
230 Kames’s Sketches of the History of Man, i. 265.
231 Humphry Clinker, ii. 213.
232 Letters from Edinburgh, pp. 279, 361.
233 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1766, p. 209.
234 Wealth of Nations, i. 100. See also Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 557, and Knox’s Tour, p. cxviii.
235 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh (ed. 1779), p. 353.
236 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 294, n. 8.
237 Johnson’s Works, ix. 9.
238 Humphry Clinker (ed. 1792), iii. 5.
239 Scots Magazine, 1772, p. 636, and 1773, p. 399.
240 Humphry Clinker, iii. 5.
241 Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 64.
242 Kames’s Sketches of the History of Man (ed. 1807), i. 507.
243 London Magazine for 1778, p. 198.
244 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 64. George Drummond of Blair, of whom this story is told, did not succeed to his estate till 1739 (ib. p. 112), so that this rude mode of eating came down nearly to the date of Johnson’s visit, even in the houses of gentlemen. In the houses of “the substantial tenants” it continued till much later (ib. p. 64).
245 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 418.
246 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 70, 71, 251.
247 Humphry Clinker, iii. 28.
248 Knox’s Tour, p. 199.
249 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 65.
250 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1771, p. 543.
251 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 172. There are inns in the Hebrides where the same deficiency is still found.
252 Gray calls Geneva “neat,” and the repast which was set before him at the “Grande Chartreuse” “extremely neat.” Gray’s Works, ed. 1858, ii. 62, 63.
253 Humphry Clinker, ii. 221, and Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 241.
254 Reekiana, by Robert Chambers, p. 227: “The house was situated at the head of Dickson’s Close, a few doors below Niddry Street.” I have found all these names, except Stirling’s, in the recent interesting reprint of the Edinburgh Directory for 1773-4, published by William Brown, Edinburgh, 1889.
255 “Stenchel. An iron bar for a window.” Jamieson’s Scottish Dictionary.
256 Tirlesing is not given by Jamieson.
257 The City Cleaned and Country Improven, Edinburgh, 1760, p. 5.
258 The City Cleaned and Country Improven, pp. 6, 8.
259 Humphry Clinker, ii. 227. Gardy loo is a corruption of gardez l’eau, a cry which, like so many other Scotch customs and words, bears witness to the close connection which of old existed between Scotland and France.
260 Burt’s Letters from a Gentleman, etc., i. 21.
261 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 152.
262 Humphry Clinker, ii. 221.
263 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 54.
264 Wright’s Life of General Wolfe, p. 137.
265 Gray’s Works, iv. 52.
266 Ib. p. 61.
267 This arrangement is still not uncommon in country places.
268 Johnson’s Works, ix. 18.
269 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 306.
270 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 141.
271 Works, ix. 18.
272 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, i. 108.
273 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 78. Sheridan, in his Life of Swift, records an earlier abolition of vails in Ireland (Swift’s Works, ii. 108).
274 Thicknesse’s Observations on the Customs and Manners of the French, 1766, p. 106.
275 Lord Hervey’s Memoirs, ii. 50.
276 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 376.
277 Edinburgh Chronicle for 1760, p. 495.
278 Ib. pp. 503, 518, 583, 623. The Scots Hunters were, I suppose, the same as the Royal Hunters—a body of gentlemen volunteers who were raised at the time of the Rebellion of 1745, and served under General Oglethorpe.
279 Walpole’s Memoirs of the Reign of George III., ii. 3, and Letters of the First Earl of Malmesbury, i. 108-9.
280 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 452.
281 Wesley’s Journal, ii. 228, 285.
282 Present State of Polite Learning, ch. xii.
283 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 658.
284 Ib. pp. 352-4.
285 Humphry Clinker, ii. 214.
286 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 18.
287 “The Pleasance consists of one mean street; through it lies the principal road to London.”—Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 328.
288 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 353.
289 Voyage en Angleterre, etc., i. 200, 229, ii. 309.
290 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 23.
291 Piozzi Letters, i. 109.
292 Works, ix. 18.
293 Wesley’s Journal, ii. 228.
294 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain; Account of Scotland (ed. 1727), iii. 29, 30, 33.
295 J. Macky’s Journey through Scotland, p. 65.
296 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 8.
297 Humphry Clinker, ii. 220.
298 Tour in Scotland, i. 52.
299 Carlyle’s Reminiscences, ii. 5.
300 See Marmion, note in the Appendix on Canto V., Stanza 25.
301 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 28.
302 Guy Mannering, ii. 101.
303 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 233. The young Englishman, perhaps, in this account does not aim at the strictest accuracy. The large prayer-books were, I suppose, psalm-books or Bibles.
304 “To go up streets” is an Edinburgh phrase for “to go up the street.”—Scotticisms by Dr. Beattie (published anonymously), p. 82.
305 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 223. I assume that “the Prince’s colours” mentioned by Arnot was the flag described in Waverley, ii. 139.
306 Letters from Edinburgh, pp. 58-62.
307 According to Arnot, for many years preceding 1763, the average number of executions for the whole of Scotland was only three. There were four succeeding years in which the punishment of death was not once inflicted. By 1783, however, the English severity seems to have crept in, for in that year, in Edinburgh alone, in one week there were six criminals under sentence of death.—History of Edinburgh, p. 670.
308 The guard consisted of seventy-five private men.—Ib. p. 506.
309 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, pp. 502, 658, and Letters from Edinburgh, pp. 355-60. By the year 1783, says Arnot, in his second edition, p. 658, their number and their character had greatly sunk. See also Humphry Clinker, ii. 240.
310 Scots Magazine for 1772, p. 636.
311 John Erskine, quoted in Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, vol. i. app. x. p. 74, and in Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 299.
312 Howard’s State of the Prisons, p. 17.
313 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 300.
314 Wesley’s Journal, vol. iv. p. 17.
315 Croker’s Boswell, p. 387.
316 Scots Magazine for 1769, p. 110; The Speeches in the Douglas Cause (most likely Boswell), p. 391; and Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 230.
317 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, vol. i. p. 173.
318 Ruskin’s Lectures on Architecture and Painting, p. 2.
319 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 360, v. 68.
320 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 12.
321 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 653.
322 Cockburn’s Memorials of his Time, p. 183.
323 Scots Magazine for 1768, p. 115.
324 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 314.
325 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 654, and W. Creech’s Letters to Sir John Sinclair, p. 9. Creech gives the number of cartloads at eighteen hundred.
326 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, and Francis Douglas’s General Description of the East Coast of Scotland, 1782, p. 9.
327 Burton’s Life of Hume, ii. 458.
328 Ib. ii. 462.
329 Letters of David Hume to William Strahan, p. 227.
330 Early Life of Samuel Rogers, p. 92.
331 Cockburn’s Life of Jeffrey, i. 157.
332 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 265.
333 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 320.
334 Mostyn Armstrong’s Survey of the Post Roads, etc., in 1777 (ed. 1783), p. 6; and Twiss’ Life of Lord Eldon, i. 39.
335 It was three hours longer on the return journey from Edinburgh to London.—Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 539.
336 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1746, p. 209.
337 Redgauntlet (ed. 1860), ii. 77.
338 W. Creech’s Letters to Sir John Sinclair, p. 11.
339 Paterson’s British Itinerary, ii. 602.
340 Cockburn’s Life of Jeffrey, i. 157.
341 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 57, n. 3. See also ib. pp. 58, 80. Johnson’s Works, ix. 157, and Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, i. 5.
342 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1766, p. 167.
343 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 363, n. 3.
344 In the speech which he made in 1824 on the opening of the New Edinburgh Academy.—Lockhart’s Life of Scott, vii. 271.
345 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 437.
346 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 437, ii. 272, and Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 275.
347 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 257.
348 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, i. 169.
349 Johnson’s Works, viii. 464.
350 Scotland and Scotsmen, etc., ii. 63.
351 Forbes’ Life of Beattie, p. 243.
352 Letters from Edinburgh, p. 55.
353 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 6.
354 Scotland and Scotsmen, etc., i. 211, ii. 544; and Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, ii. 240.
355 Scotland and Scotsmen, etc., i. 167-170, ii. 543.
356 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 159. Lord Jeffrey was accused “of having lost the broad Scotch at Oxford, and of having gained only the narrow English.”—Cockburn’s Life of Jeffrey, i. 46.
357 Works, ix. 159.
358 Piozzi Letters, i. 109.
359 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 159.
360 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 155.
361 Ib. pp. xxx. 15.
362 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 98.
363 The Author’s Earnest Cry and Prayer.
364 Walpole’s Reign of George II., iii. 280.
365 Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s Autobiography, pp. 399, 419.
366 Andrew Henderson’s Consideration on the Scots Militia (ed. 1761), p. 26.
367 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 1.
368 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 431. See also Annual Register for 1776, i. 140.
369 Dodsley’s London and its Environs, iii. 124, and Boswell’s Johnson, iv. 330.
370 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 598.
371 Ib. p. 662.
372 For a penny a cadie was obliged to carry a letter to the remotest part of the town.
373 Dr. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 275.
374 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1766, p. 168.
375 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 66.
376 Knox’s Tour, p. 9.
377 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 203.
378 This house for many years—not much less than seventy, I was told—has been occupied as a tailor’s shop. By the kindness of the heads of the firm, Messrs. Lauder and Hardie, I was shown over the building. Though it has been a good deal altered for the purposes of business it is still substantially the same solid stone house which Hume in his prosperity built for the closing years of his life. The rooms are lofty, being about fourteen feet high. The kitchen and the cellars were evidently contrived for a man who intended to boast with justice of his dinners and his wine. From the windows of every floor there must have been an uninterrupted view of the shores of Fife, across the Firth of Forth, and of the house in Kirkaldy, where Adam Smith was living.
379 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 441.
380 Ib. iii. 381.
381 Eight days is, I suppose, one of Hume’s Gallicisms.
382 Letters of Hume to Strahan, p. 116.
383 Gibbon’s Miscellaneous Works, ii. 110.
384 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 151.
385 Dr. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 276.
386 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. xl.
387 If we can trust the description of one of Hume’s autograph letters (No. 1105) in Messrs. Puttick and Simpson’s catalogue for July 30, 1886, Johnson was once Hume’s guest. The compilers of auction catalogues, however, are not infallible as editors, and often make strange mistakes.
388 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 453.
389 The charge for a chaise and pair was ninepence a mile; in some districts more. There was a duty on each horse of one penny per mile. The driver expected a shilling or eighteen pence for each stage of ten or twelve miles, and always found good reasons for asking for more. The tolls paid at the turnpikes amounted to a considerable sum in a long journey. The duty was subsequently increased. See Mostyn Armstrong’s Actual Survey, etc., p. 4, and Paterson’s British Itinerary, vol. i. preface, p. vii.
390 See the Table of Weather in the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1774, p. 290.
391 Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 137. The tree still remains the solitary memorial of the fight.
392 It was not till 1799 that by 39 Geo. III. c. 56, they were declared free. Cockburn’s Memorials, p. 78, and Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 202, n. 1.
393 Dodsley’s London and its Environs, vi. 316. In March, 1747, one Mr. Williams, master of the White Horse Inn, Piccadilly, was kicked out of a feast of the Independent Electors of Westminster, because he was discovered to be taking notes of some Jacobite toasts. Gentleman’s Magazine for 1747, p. 151.
394 Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, p. 190.
395 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1771, p. 544.
396 Gentleman’s Magazine for 1771, p. 543.
397 J. and H.’s Storer’s Descriptions of Edinburgh. Dr. Chambers, in his Traditions of Edinburgh, p. 187, says that “the date is deficient in the decimal figure 16—3.”
398 Croker’s Boswell, 8vo. ed. p. 270.
399 Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, p. 191. Perhaps this was Jeremy Bentham’s father, who two years earlier had married for the second time: what was his wife’s Christian name I have not been able to ascertain. The son did not visit Edinburgh in 1768. Dr. Chambers gives on p. 318 a list of the great people living in the Canongate about the year 1769. According to it there were two dukes, sixteen earls, two countesses, seven barons, seven lords of session, thirteen baronets, and four commanders-in-chief. The Edinburgh Directory for 1773-4 contains, however, the names of only about a dozen peers and peeresses.
400 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, ix. 244.
401 He died on January 28, 1836.
402 Humphry Clinker, ii. 224. Lodging-house keepers are entered in the Edinburgh Directory as Room-Setters and Boarders. Some were both, others only Room-Setters.
403 Johnson repeated these lines with great emotion at the excellent inn at Chapel-House in Oxfordshire. Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 452.
404 Since writing the above I have learnt with great pleasure that this interesting but ruinous old building will not only be preserved, but preserved to good uses. It has been purchased by Dr. A. H. F. Barbour and his sister Mrs. Whyte, and by them presented to the Edinburgh Social Union. It will be put into a state of thorough repair, and let out to poor tenants on the plan followed by Miss Octavia Hill in London. I am informed that the two sides of the Close had been repaired by the Social Union before my visit, and that the pleasant outside staircases and open galleries which caught my eye were its work.
405 Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, p. 68.
406 Pringle seems to have kept on a house in Edinburgh though he was for the most part living at this time in London. See Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 117.
407 The Scotch called each set of rooms on every floor a house, and each block a land. Thus Hume had once lived in Jack’s Land, in the Canongate. A land of thirteen stories, such as was shown to Johnson at the foot of the Post-house Stairs would contain twenty-six houses—two on every floor.
408 Marmion. Introduction to Canto iv.
409 Mr. Alexander Grieve. I find a bookbinder of the same name living in Bell’s Wynd in 1773. Edinburgh Directory for 1773-4, Appendix, p. 5.
410 For my authorities for some of the statements in this note see my Letters of David Hume to William Strahan, pp. 116-9.
411 See ante, p. 52.
412 Heart of Mid-Lothian, ed. 1860, i. 247.
413 Redgauntlet, ed. 1860, i. 253.
414 Cockburn’s Memorials, p. 106, and Heart of Mid-Lothian, ii. 117.
415 Lockhart’s Scott, vii. 124.
416 Reminiscences, by Thomas Carlyle, ii. 5.
417 Cockburn’s Memorials, p. 69.
418 Court and City Register for 1769, p. 142.
419 From 1808 the judges began to sit in two separate chambers. Cockburn’s Memorials, pp. 100, 244.
420 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. xxvi.
421 Mr. Gladstone restored it in 1885.
422 Cockburn’s Life of Lord Jeffrey, i. 182.
423 Tour in Scotland, i. 233.
424 Humphry Clinker, iii. 5.
425 The Tale of a Tub, section xi.
426 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland, iii. 43, and Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, ii. 249.
427 Chambers, quoted in Croker’s Boswell, p. 276.
428 Lockhart’s Scott, iii. 269. The quotation no doubt was, “Superfluous lags the veteran on the stage;” the line with which Scott concluded the brief Appendix to Castle Dangerous.
429 Scots Magazine, 1768, p. 113; 1789, pp. 521-5.
430 J. Macky’s Journey through Scotland, p. 69.
431 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 307.
432 See p. 52 of this pamphlet. Panado is defined by Johnson as a food made by boiling bread in water.
433 Regulations for the Workhouse of Edinburgh, 1750, p. 30.
434 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 181.
435 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 362.
436 An Address to Edinburgh.
437 Johnson’s Works, ix. 152.
438 Reminiscences, i. 113.
439 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 115.
440 Humphry Clinker, ii. 249.
441 Ray’s History of the Rebellion of 1745-6, p. 284.
442 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 331.
443 Lord Kames’s Sketches, iii. 483.
444 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 353, and Boswell’s Johnson, iv. 24, n. 2.
445 Reminiscences, i. 102-4.
446 Saint-Fond’s Voyage, &c., ii. 253.
447 Burnet’s History of His Own Time, ed. 1818, ii. 82. Balfour of Burley, the leader, is known to the readers of Old Mortality.
448 Lockhart’s Scott, i. 72.
449 Macky’s Journey through Scotland, p. 83.
450 Early Letters of Thomas Carlyle, ed. 1886, i. 187.
451 Macky’s Journey through Scotland, p. 87.
452 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 77.
453 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, i. 268. The popular rector was Archibald Campbell, the victim of the Rev. Dr. Innes’s literary fraud described in Boswell’s Johnson, i. 360, and the father of “Lexiphanes.” Ib. ii. 44.
454 St. Andrew’s As it was and as it is, p. 161.
455 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, i. 175.
456 Humphry Clinker, ii. 246.
457 Tour in Scotland, ii. 189. The population he estimated at about two thousand. Ib. p. 196.
458 Poems of G. M. Berkeley, Preface, p. lxi.
459 Ib. p. lxii.
460 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., ii. 238.
461 My informant is Dr. John Paterson, of Clifton Bank, St. Andrews, to whose extensive knowledge as a local antiquary and most friendly assistance I am indebted.
462 Froude’s History of England, ed. 1870, vi. 233.
463 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 397.
464 Translated by Boswell:
“Let youth in deeds, in counsel man engage;
Prayer is the proper duty of old age.”
465 Her descent from Knox is not fully established, though, says Carlyle, “there is really good likelihood of the genealogy.” Reminiscences by Thomas Carlyle, ii. 103.
466 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, ix. 126.
467 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., ii. 232.
468 Macky’s Journey through Scotland, p. 93.
469 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, ii. 197.
470 Stockdale’s Memoirs, i. 238.
471 Boswell’s Johnson, vi. xxx.
472 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. cccxcvi.
473 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 208.
474 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. cccxlix.
475 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 77.
476 Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland, iii. 154. Defoe calls it St. Salvadore’s, and wonders “how it was made to speak Portuguese.” Boswell gives it the same name, though he spells it differently—St. Salvador’s. By 1807 I find it called in Grierson’s Delineations of St. Andrews, as it is at present, St. Salvator’s.
477 St. Andrews as it was and as it is, p. 157.
478 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 77.
479 Berkeley and his friend, the young Laird of Kincaldrum, raised “a very noble subscription” for the poor lad.
480 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. cccxlviii.
481 “On my observing to Dr. Johnson that some of the modern libraries of the university were more commodious and pleasant for study (than the library of Trinity College), as being more spacious and airy, he replied, ‘Sir, if a man has a mind to prance, he must study at Christ Church and All Souls.’” Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 67, n. 2.
482 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, i. 269, 547. The youngster was Jerome Stone, the author of a poem called Albin and the Daughter of Mey, mentioned by Boswell in his Life of Johnson, v. 171.
483 It was probably a sycamore, for, as was pointed out by a writer in the Gentleman’s Magazine for 1837, p. 343, what the Scotch call sycamores we call planes.
484 The other tree, according to Sir Walter Scott, was probably the Prior Letham plane, measuring about twenty feet round. It stood in a cold exposed situation apart from every other tree. Croker’s Boswell, p. 286.
485 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. ccxii.
486 This piece of information I owe to the kindness of Mr. J. Maitland Anderson, the Librarian of the University.
487 In G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. lvi, a story is told of some people who were at St. Andrews for only one night, and who, rather than miss the ruins, saw them “by the light of an old horn lantern.”
488 Written in 1889.
489 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 405.
490 Paterson’s Itinerary, ii. 567, 581.
491 Or Aberbrothock, as it is called in Southey’s Ballad of the Inchcape Bell. The name is now written Arbroath, in accordance with the pronunciation.
492 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 397.
493 Defoe’s Tour, p. 179.
494 James Ray’s History of the Rebellion, p. 288.
495 Scots Magazine, 1772, p. 25.
496 Pennant’s Tour, ii. 278.
497 Chalmers’s Life of Ruddiman, p. 24.
498 This information I owe to the kindness of my friend Mr. Arthur Galton.
499 Ancient Metaphysics, iv. 45.
500 Ib. p. 48.
501 Ib. p. 55.
502 Hannah More’s Memoirs, i. 252.
503 Ancient Metaphysics, vi. 212.
504 Origin of Language, v. 274.
505 Scots Magazine, 1799, pp. 729-731.
506 Ancient Metaphysics, v. 307.
507 Croker’s Boswell, p. 288.
508 This anecdote I had from Lord Monboddo’s great grandson, Captain Burnett, of Monboddo House, to whose courtesy I am much indebted.
509 “In Scotland judges on the circuit are obliged to stay five nights at every town where they open their commission.” Howard’s State of Prisons, ed. 1777, p. 103.
510 Scots Magazine, Oct. 1773, 556.
511 F. Douglas’s General Description of the East Coast of Scotland, p. 91.
512 F. Douglas’s General Description, &c., p. 89.
513 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. cclxxiv.
514 Vol. ii. p. 99.
515 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1766, p. 210.
516 Cox’s Recollections of Oxford (ed. 1868), p. 156.
517 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 461.
518 Pennant’s Tour, i. 121.
519 Early Letters of J. W. Carlyle, p. 45.
520 A Journey through Part of England, &c., p. 134.
521 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 461. The lessons were Numbers xxiii., xxiv., and Matthew i. In these chapters Balak and begat come over and over again.
522 Chambers’s History of the Rebellion of 1745 (ed. 1827), ii. 339.
523 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, i. 525-8.
524 Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 227.
525 G. M. Berkeley’s Poems, p. dxxxviii.
526 Scots Magazine for 1788, pp. 250, 357.
527 Dunbar’s Social Life in Former Days, i. 10.
528 A Scotch merk was about thirteen pence of English money.
529 Dunbar’s Social Life in Former Days, i. 7.
530 Forbes’s Life of Beattie, p. 160.
531 Northcote’s Life of Reynolds (ed. 1819), i. 300.
532 Johnson’s Works, viii. 479.
533 In 1786 the post despatched from Aberdeen on Monday reached London on Saturday. Travellers could reach Edinburgh in a day and a half by the Aberdeen and Edinburgh Fly, which set out from the New Inn at four o’clock in the morning, and arrived at Edinburgh next day to dinner; fare, £2 2s. Scottish Notes and Queries, i. 31.
534 Piozzi Letters, i. 387.
535 Ray’s History of the Rebellion, p. 310.
536 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iv. 186.
537 Bound up with them were some interesting and unpublished autograph letters and documents connected with many generations of the earls of Errol. It is greatly to be desired that the present earl, to whose courtesy I am much indebted, would have them edited.
538 Chambers’s History of the Rebellion, ed. 1869, p. 309.
539 Forbes’s Life of Beattie, Appendix D. At the time of the rebellion of 1745 the Errol title was held by a woman.
540 Walpole’s Letters, iii. 438.
541 Forbes’s Life of Beattie, Appendix D.
542 Walpole’s Letters, ii. 38.
543 Bouilloire. According to Dr. Murray the word is connected with “the Swedish buller, a noise, roar. But,” he adds, “the influence of boil is manifest.” I remember when I visited the place in my youth I heard it also called Lord Errol’s Punch-bowl. The tale was told that a former earl had made a seizure in it of a smuggling ship laden with spirits, and had had the kegs emptied into the water.
544 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iv. 188.
545 Dun Buy means the Yellow Rock. It gets its name, it is said, from the colour given to it by the dung of the sea-birds.
546 James Ray’s History of the Rebellion of 1745, p. 311.
547 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 182.
548 This account I owe to the kindness of Mr. Lachlan Mackintosh, of Old Lodge, Elgin, who has copied it from a manuscript in his possession which was written at least as early as the year 1837. To him also I am indebted for the sketch of the old piazzas.
549 Dunbar’s Social Life in Former Days, i. 276.
550 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland, iii. 193.
551 The Elgin Courant and Courier, Aug. 23, 1889.
552 Walpole’s Letters, vii. 484. It was only one ship that was lost, though in it the lead of two cathedrals was conveyed.
553 Boswell’s Johnson, vi. xxxiii.
554 The language of the Highlanders is generally called Erse by the English writers of this period; sometimes Irish and Celtic. M’Nicol objected to the term Erse. “The Caledonians,” he says, “always called their native language Gaelic.” Remarks on Johnson’s Journey, p. 432. Macpherson, in the title-page of Ossian, calls it Galic.
555 Murray’s Handbook for Scotland, ed. 1867, p. 308.
556 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 182.
557 Life of Lord Macaulay, ed. 1877, i. 6.
558 Boswell’s Journal, ed. by Carruthers, p. 96.
559 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, i. 155.
560 Hudibras, iii. 1, 1477.
561 Boswell’s Hebrides, ed. by R. Carruthers, p. 85.
562 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, p. 178.
563 Scots Magazine, 1775, p. 26.
564 Johnson’s Works, ix. 86.
565 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, i. 24.
566 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, 1864, pp. 84-5, 179.
567 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1746, p. 263.
568 Ib., p. 324.
569 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1746, p. 429.
570 Michael Hughes’s Plain Narrative of the Rebellion, p. 56.
571 Henderson’s History of the Rebellion, p. 117.
572 Scots Magazine, 1747, p. 649. According to Smollett the number executed was eighty-one. History of England, ed. 1800, iii. 188.
573 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1747, p. 246.
574 Marchmont Papers, i. 196.
575 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1753, p. 391.
576 My informant is the late Rev. Alexander Matheson, minister of Glenshiel.
577 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1771, p. 544.
578 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, pp. 182, 195.
579 Wesley’s Journal, iii. 181.
580 Defoe’s Account of Scotland, p. 196.
581 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, p. 177.
582 Letters of Horace Walpole, ii. 288.
583 M. Hughes’s Plain Narrative, p. 51.
584 E. Dunbar’s Social Life in Former Days, i. 133.
585 Ib., p. 89.
586 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, i. 164.
587 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 88.
588 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, i. 196.
589 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 275.
590 Ray’s History of the Rebellion, p. 362.
591 M. Hughes’s Plain Narrative, p. 53. Alps, I suppose, he uses as Milton does for lofty mountains in general.
592 In a Survey of the Province of Moray, published at Aberdeen in 1798, on pp. 333-34, the following table is given of the distances along the road which Johnson was following:—“From Inverness to the General’s Hut, 17 miles 6 furlongs. From General’s Hut to Fort Augustus, 14 miles 2 furlongs. From Fort Augustus to Unach [? Anoch], 9 miles. From Unach to Rattachan, 25 miles 5 furlongs. From Rattachan to Bernera, 9 miles.”
593 Croker’s Boswell, 8vo, ed. p. 307.
594 Walpole’s Letters, v. 501.
595 Ray’s History of the Rebellion, p. 325.
596 Ib., p. 362.
597 I adopt Boswell’s spelling. Johnson calls it Glenmollison. It is now generally written Glenmoriston.
598 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, p. 279.
599 Henderson’s History of the Rebellion, p. 122.
600 Smollett’s History of England, iii. 183.
601 He means Mr. and Mrs. Thrale and their eldest daughter.
602 Johnson is quoting Parnell’s Hymn to Contentment. Pope, in Donne’s Satires Versified (iv. 185), calls “solitude the nurse of sense.”
603 Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland, ii. 179.
604 Johnson calls them pails. In his time pails were only made of wood, if we can trust his definition of the word in his Dictionary.
605 J. Knox’s Tour through the Highlands in 1786, p. 255.
606 T. Garnett’s Observations, &c., ii. 12.
607 W. Sacheverell’s Account of the Isle of Man, &c., p. 128.
608 Lay Sermon, ed. 1870, p. 427.
609 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 275.
610 See ante, p. 2. Boswell calls the mountain Rattakin, Johnson Ratiken. Its name I was told is properly written Rattagan.
611 Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 336.
612 Ib., p. 345.
613 Tour through the Highlands in 1786, pp. cxx, 103. I do not know whether an earlier instance can be found of the expression “notorious job” than the above.
614 Boswell calls the place Broadfoot.
615 Johnson’s Works, ix. 47.
616 The philibeg, or fillibeg, is defined as “the dress or petticoat reaching nearly to the knees.”
617 An Act to Amend the Disarming Act of the 19 Geo. II., made in the 21 Geo. II. Edinburgh, 1748, p. 15.
618 Henderson’s History of the Rebellion, p. 99.
619 Johnson’s Works, ix. 94.
620 Wright’s Life of Wolfe, pp. 216-18.
621 Humphry Clinker, iii. 20.
622 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1782, p. 307.
623 Croker’s Boswell, p. 316.
624 Martin’s Description of the Western Islands, pp. 206-7.
625 Croker’s Boswell, p. 364.
626 Gray’s Works, iv. 55.
627 Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland, ii. 142.
628 Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 291.
629 Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century, ii. 410, 415.
630 Page 164.
631 Johnson seems to use this word in much the same sense as Caliban does when he speaks of Prospero’s “brave utensils” (The Tempest, act iii. sc. 2). In his Journey, he says that in the Hebrides “they use silver on all occasions where it is common in England, nor did I ever find a spoon of horn but in one house.”
632 This was Johnson’s estimate, based on the number of men who took part in the Rebellion of 1745. The population in 1881 was 750.
633 Lectures on the Early History of Institutions, ed. 1875, p. 101.
634 E. Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 264.
635 I am much indebted to Mr. A. E. Stewart, of Raasay, for his kindness in showing me whatever there was to see, and for his present of the photograph of the old castle.
636 Croker’s Boswell, p. 826.
637 Letters from Edinburgh, pp. 33, 37.
638 “With virtue weighed what worthless trash is gold.”
639 Knox’s Tour through the Highlands, p. 142.
640 “In the year seventy-one they had a severe season remembered by the name of the Black Spring, from which the island has not yet recovered. The snow lay long upon the ground, a calamity hardly known before.” Johnson’s Works, ix. 74.
641 Croker’s Boswell, ed. 1835, iv. 322-9.
642 Croker Correspondence, ii. 33.
643 Croker’s Boswell, p. 334.
644 Ante, p. 3.
645 Knox’s Tour, p. 152.
646 Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century, i. 173.
647 Knox’s Tour, p. 143.
648 Swift’s Voyage to Brobdingnag, chap. vii.
649 Croker’s Boswell, p. 340.
650 Lockhart’s Scott, iv. 302.
651 Lockhart’s Scott, iv. 305.
652 Pennant’s Voyage to the Hebrides, 1774, p. 295.
653 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iv. 304.
654 See ante, p. 3.
655 See post in the chapter on Lochbuie for an account of the hereditary jurisdictions.
656 Martin’s Western Islands, p. 297.
657 “Your friends forgetting by your friends forgot.”
Francis’s Horace, Epistles, i. xi. 9.
658 Buchanani Opera Omnia, ed. 1725, i. 40.
659 Martin’s Western Islands, p. 170.
660 Knox’s Tour, p. 139.
661 For his services and for many other acts of kindness, I am indebted to the Rev. Roderick Macleod of Macleod.
662 M. Martin’s Western Islands, p. 150.
663 Pennant’s Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 289.
664 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1782, p. 595.
665 Knox’s Tour, p. 140.
666 Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 291.
667 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1774, p. 394.
668 Walpole’s Letters, v. 512.
669 W. Sacheverell’s Account of the Isle of Man, ed. 1702, p. 126.
670 Martin’s Western Islands, p. 253.
671 Humphry Clinker, iii. 57.
672 History of England, ed. 1870, xii. 443.
673 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iv. 338.
674 Account of the Isle of Man, p. 130.
675 Croker’s Boswell, p. 826.
676 Croker’s Boswell, p. 384.
677 Pope. Eloisa to Abelard, l. 135.
678 Life of Sir James Mackintosh, ii. 257.
679 Humphry Clinker, iii. 27.
680 J. L. Buchanan, Travels in the Western Highlands from 1782 to 1790, p. 5.
681 History of Edinburgh, p. 445.
682 See Johnson’s Works, ix. 149. Pennant, however, gives the number of inhabitants as only one hundred and fifty. Pennant’s Tour, ed. 1774, p. 243.
683 An Account of the Isle of Man, p. 136.
684 Pennant’s Tour, ed. 1774, pp. 243, 246.
685 T. Garnett’s Observations, &c., i. 244, 265.
686 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, iii. 285; iv. 324.
687 Dr. T. Garnett’s Observations, &c., i. 148.
688 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., ii. 86.
689 The name is now commonly written Lochbuie.
690 See ante, p. 5.
691 An Essay upon Feudal Holdings, Superiorities, and Hereditary Jurisdictions in Scotland, London, 1747, p. 16.
692 “Baro dicitur qui gladii potestatem habet, id est imperium merum; apud nos furcæ et fossæ nomine significamus.”—Craig, De Feudis, i. 12, 16, quoted in Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 224.
693 An Essay upon Feudal Holdings, &c., pp. 18, 28.
694 Dunbar’s Social Life, &c., ii. 141.
695 Pennant’s Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 221.
696 Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland, i. 54.
697 Smollett’s History of England, ii. 79.
698 An Act for Abolishing the Heritable Jurisdictions, 1747, p. 19.
699 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 202, n. 1.
700 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., ii. 94.
701 Old Mortality, ed. 1860, ii. 14.
702 An Act for Abolishing, &c., p. 17.
703 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 292.
704 History of the Rebellion in Scotland, ed. 1827, ii. 293.
705 Scots Magazine, 1759, p. 441.
706 Smollett’s History of England, iii. 206.
707 Johnson’s Works, ix. 91.
708 Marchmont Papers, i. 234, 248.
709 Scots Magazine, 1747, p. 587, and 1748, p. 136.
710 Macgibbon and Ross’s Architecture of Scotland, iii. 127.
711 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., ii. 430.
712 Wesley’s Journal, iv. 14.
713 T. Garnett’s Observations, &c., i. 145.
714 Knox’s Tour, p. 44.
715 Johnson’s Works, ix. 52.
716 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., i. 369-373.
717 Tour in Scotland, ed. 1774, i. 218.
718 Walpole’s Letters, ix. 358.
719 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 353, n. 1.
720 Horace Walpole’s Letters, ii. 281, 285.
721 Ib. p. 293.
722 “I went to renew my lease, but my Lord’s Chamberlain was not at home.—Steward. The person who receives the rents and revenues of some corporations is still called chamberlain; as the chamberlain of London.”—Beattie’s Scotticisms, p. 24.
723 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., i. 290.
724 He gives the following curious account of an accommodation which we should scarcely have expected to find in the dining-room of Inverary: “Si, pendant les libations, le champagne mousseux fait ressentir son influence appéritive, le cas est prévu, et sans quitter la compagnie, on trouve dans de jolies encoignures, placés dans les angles de la salle, tout ce qui est nécessaire pour satisfaire à ce petit besoin.” Voyage en Angleterre, &c., i. 294.
725 Life of Lord Macaulay, ed. 1877, i. 7.
726 Commissioners for Highland Roads and Bridges.
727 Wright’s Life of General Wolfe, p. 269.
728 Voyage en Angleterre, &c., i. 268.
729 Cockburn’s Life of Jeffrey, ed. 1852, ii. 180.
730 Rossdhu.
731 J. Irving’s Book of Dumbartonshire, ii. 242. See ib. p. 257, where it is stated that it was in 1774 (the year after Johnson’s visit), that “a removal was made from the old castle to the centre portion.”
732 Johnson spells the name as it was pronounced Cohune.
733 Inch Galbraith.
734 Irving’s Book of Dumbartonshire, i. 347.
735 I have intentionally altered the names.
736 Topham’s Letters from Edinburgh, p. 299, and Arnot’s History of Edinburgh, p. 491.
737 Humphry Clinker, iii. 17, 39.
738 Irving’s Book of Dumbartonshire, ii. 200.
739 Pennant’s Tour in Scotland, ed. 1774, i. 228.
740 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1771, p. 545.
741 Knox’s Tour, pp. cli-iii.
742 Wealth of Nations, ed. 1811, iii. 335.
743 Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, ii. 230.
744 Burton’s Life of Hume, i. 351.
745 Camden’s Description of Scotland, 2nd ed. p. 81.
746 Defoe’s Tour through Great Britain: Scotland, p. 83.
747 J. Macky’s Journey through Scotland, ed. 1723, p. 295.
748 Wesley’s Journal, ii. 410.
749 Humphry Clinker, iii. 14, 33.
750 Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 127.
751 Scots Magazine, 1749, p. 202.
752 Scots Magazine, 1749, p. 253.
753 Mr. Frederic Hill, late Assistant-Secretary to the Post Office.
754 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, pp. 71, 74.
755 Wesley’s Journal, ii. 286.
756 Pennant’s Voyage to the Hebrides, ed. 1774, p. 136.
757 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 69, and Johnson’s Boswell, v. 68.
758 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 27.
759 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, pp. 68, 83.
760 Boswell’s Letters to Temple, p. 98.
761 To prate.
762 Shirt-collars.
763 Macgibbon and Ross’s Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland, i. 167, 171.
764 Description of Scotland, 2nd ed. p. 68.
765 R. Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, ed. 1869, p. 217.
766 R. Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, ed. 1869, p. 217.
767 Macgibbon and Ross’s Castellated Architecture of Scotland, ii. 174.
768 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 255.
769 Ib., p. 215.
770 Correspondence of Boswell and Erskine, ed. 1879, p. 26.
771 Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century, i. 161.
772 Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century, i. 161, 173.
773 Temple’s Works, ed. 1757, i. 160.
774 Scotland and Scotsmen, i. 161. The Earl of Chesterfield, writing to his son in the year 1751, says: “I do not indeed wear feathers and red heels, which would ill suit my age; but I take care to have my clothes well made.” Letters to his Son, ed. 1774, iii. 227.
775 Historical Manuscripts Commission, 1874, p. 531.
776 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i, 170; ii. 556.
777 Boswell’s Johnson, v. 382, n. 2.
778 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., ii. 543.
779 Ib. i. 166.
780 Letters of Boswell to Temple, pp. 216, 219.
781 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 166.
782 “The peace you seek is here—where is it not?
If your own mind be equal to the lot.”
Croker.
783 Memoirs of Dr. Burney, ii. 191-4.
784 Madame d’Arblay’s Diary, ed. 1843, v. 166.
785 Boswell’s Correspondence with Erskine, ed. 1879, p. 36.
786 Boswell’s Johnson, i. 11; iii. 362; v. 52.
787 Scots Magazine, 1797, p. 292.
788 Tytler’s Life of Lord Kames, ii. 228.
789 Scotland and Scotsmen, i. 176.
790 Crazy.
791 Loup is a cognate word with leap, and signifies to run. A landlouper is a runagate; one constantly shifting from one place to another.
792 Johnson’s Works, ix. 158.
793 Quarterly Review, No. 71, p. 225.
794 Ib.
795 Garrick Correspondence, i. 436.
796 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 156.
797 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 172. Tout is the blast of a horn.
798 Davies’s Life of Garrick, ii. 115.
799 Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches, ed. 1857, ii. 209.
800 Croker’s Boswell, 8vo. ed. p. 826.
801 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 207.
802 Quarterly Review, No. 71, p. 209.
803 Croker’s Correspondence, ii. 32.
804 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, v. 336.
805 C. Rogers’s Modern Scottish Minstrel, 1870, p. 158.
806 Lord Cockburn’s Memorials, pp. 380, 392, and Lockhart’s Scott, vii. 33.
807 Rogers’s Boswelliana, p. 195, and Notes and Queries, 3rd Series, vii. 197.
808 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 315.
809 Croker’s Boswell, p. 620.
810 Lockhart’s Life of Scott, vii. 33.
811 Macaulay’s Miscellaneous Writings, ed. 1871, p. 369.
812 Johnson imagines Burke falling into chance conversations on two occasions; once on shunning a shower under a shed, and another time on stepping aside to take shelter from a drove of oxen.—Life of Johnson, iv. 275; v. 34.
813 “Johnson. I remember once being with Goldsmith in Westminster Abbey. While we surveyed the Poets’ Corner I said to him,
‘Forsitan et nostrum nomen miscebitur istis.’
When we got to Temple Bar he stopped me, pointed to the heads upon it, and slily whispered me,
‘Forsitan et nostrum nomen miscebitur istis.’”
Ib. ii. 238.
814 See Boswell’s will in Rogers’s Boswelliana, p. 185.
815 Carlyle’s Reminiscences, ed. 1881, i. 178.
816 Gentleman’s Magazine, 1771, p. 545.
817 Humphry Clinker, iii. 85.
818 Boswell’s Johnson, iii. 212, 216.
819 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 398.
820 Traditions of Edinburgh, ed. 1825, ii. 161.
821 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 397, 407.
822 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 383, iii. 404.
823 Gibbon’s Miscellaneous Works, ed. 1814, i. 232.
824 Hume’s Letters to Strahan, p. 74.
825 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 402.
826 Burke’s Correspondence, iii. 301.
827 A Scotticism for out of the window. See ante, p. 46.
828 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 394.
829 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 411.
830 Burnet’s History of his own Time, ed. 1818, ii. 443.
831 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 409.
832 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 364.
833 Smollett’s History of England, iii. 169.
834 Walpole’s Letters, i. 407.
835 Scotland and Scotsmen, &c., i. 407.
836 Ib., p. 413.
837 Chambers’s Traditions of Edinburgh, ed. 1869, p. 145.
838 Darnhall is at present Lord Elibank’s seat; but in Paterson’s British Itinerary (ed. 1800, i. 227; ii. 557) it is described as the seat of the Hon. George Murray, while Ballencrieff is mentioned as Lord Elibank’s. Murray is the family name of the Elibanks.
839 Humphry Clinker, ii. 219.
840 Walpole’s Letters, ii. 32.
841 Quarterly Review, No. 71, p. 199.
842 Walpole’s Letters, ii. 40.
843 Home’s Works, i. 54.
844 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 298, and D. Stewart’s Life of Robertson, ed. 1802, p. 5.
845 History of England, ed. 1773, v. 504.
846 Robertson’s Works, ed. 1802, v. 46.
847 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 267.
848 Horace Walpole’s Letters, ix. 103.
849 When I had the honour of meeting Mr. Gladstone in his visit to Oxford early this year, he quoted this passage in his strong deep voice, and praised it highly.
850 At Ballencrieff there is no river, but perhaps Johnson was thinking of the Firth of Forth.
851 This interesting tradition comes to me from my friend General Cadell, C.B., of Cockenzie House, to whom I am indebted for the accompanying sketch of the trees.
852 “From thence our travels to Brundusium bend,
Where our long journey and my paper end.”
Francis’s Horace, i. Sat. v. 103.
853 Letters of Boswell to Temple, p. 168.
854 Walpole’s Letters, v. 441.
855 Letters of Hume to Strahan, pp. 174, 265.
856 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 210.
857 Dr. A. Carlyle’s Autobiography, p. 437.
858 Tour in Scotland, ed. 1776, ii. 259, 260.
859 Twiss’s Life of Lord Eldon, ed. 1846, i. 57, and the Gentleman’s Magazine, 1771, p. 543.
860 Boswell’s Johnson, ii. 268.
861 The original letter of which a facsimile is given is in my possession. See Appendix B.