Chapter IV Tables of Classes, Phratries, etc.
In order to facilitate reference and to diminish the necessity for footnotes a survey of classes and phratries is here given. It will be well to explain how they are arranged.
In the two-phratry system the rule of intermarriage is clear; a man of phratry A marries a woman of phratry B and vice versa. The direct descent of the kinship name is obviously the rule.
The four classes are arranged according to the phratries; the normal rule is that a man A1 marries B1, A2 marries B2; their children are in matrilineal tribes A2 and B2, in patrilineal B2 and A2. In the patrilineal Mara and Anula, by exception, the rule of descent is direct; it will be remembered that a dichotomy of the classes prevails, so that they really belong to the eight-class system.
In the eight-class system and among the nominally four-class southern Arunta the intermarriage and descent is as follows, according to Spencer and Gillen;
| A1 —— B1 | = A4, | B1 —— A1 | = B3, | |
| A2 —— B2 | = A3, | B2 —— A2 | = B4, | |
| A3 —— B3 | = A2, | B3 —— A3 | = B1, | |
| A4 —— B4 | = B4, | B4 —— A4 | = B2. |
In each case the male is the numerator, the woman the denominator, and the = shows the child.
Tribes with conterminous territories usually know what phratries and classes are equivalent in their systems. In the tables which follow the phratries and the classes of matrilineal tribes are arranged to show this correspondence so far as it is known. A * shows that no information on the point is to hand. A rearrangement of patrilineal classes is necessary to make them equivalent to the organisations of matrilineal tribes; this cannot be shown in the tables; but full details will be found in the works of Spencer and Gillen. A † indicates patrilineal descent.
Where the names of phratries and classes are translated, the meanings are shown in the tables; where the authorities do not give the translation but a word of the same form is in use in the tribe or group of tribes the meanings are given in round brackets; words in use in neighbouring tribes are put in square brackets.
Table I
The Class Names.
| Class names | Feminine | Meaning | |
| I. | Muri (Bya)48 | Matha | (Red kangaroo) |
| Kubi | Kubitha | (Opossum) | |
| Kumbo (Wōmbee)49 | Butha | ||
| Ipai | Ipatha | (Eaglehawk) |
These class names are found in the following tribes:
Kamilaroi (Howitt, p. 107); Wiradjeri (ib. 107); Wonghi (ib. 108); Euahlayi (Mrs L. Parker, Euahlayi Tribe, p. 13); Ngeumba (Mathews in Eth. Notes, p. 5); Murawari (id. in Proc. R. G. S. Qu., 1906, 55); Moree (R. G. S. Qu. X, 20); Turribul (R. S. Vict. I, 102); Wollaroi (Howitt, 109); on Narran R. (Curr, I, 117); Pikumbul (ib.); Unghi (Howitt, 217); Peechera (Curr, III, 271); Wailwun (ib. I, 116); Wonnaruah (Sci. Man, I, 180); Geawegal (Howitt, 266).
Associated with these class names are the following phratry names:
| (a) | Kamilaroi, etc. | Dilbi | Kupathin | |
| (b) | Wiradjeri to N. of Lachlan | Budthurung | Mukula | |
| (c) | Wonghibon | Ngielbumurra | Mukumurra (Howitt) | |
| (d) | ″ & Ngeumba | { | Ngumbun Numbun | Ngurrawan (Mathews) |
| (e) | Euahlayi | Gwaigullean | Gwaimudthen | |
| (f) | Murawari | Girrana | Merugulli |
| Class names | Feminine | |
| II. | Kurbo | Kooran |
| Marro | Kurgan | |
| Wombo | Wirrikin | |
| Wirro | Wongan |
The proper arrangement of these names is unknown.
Tribe: Kombinegherry (J. A. I. XIII, 304; Howitt, 105).
Science of Man (IV, 8) gives:
| Carribo | Gooroona | |
| Maroongah | Carrigan | |
| Womboongah | Werrican | |
| Weiro | Warganbah |
For the Anaywan, Thangatty, etc., R. H. Mathews gives (J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXI, 169):
| Irpoong | Matyang | |
| Marroong | Arrakan | |
| Imboong | Irrakadena | |
| Irroong | Palyang |
| Class name (Fem. termination, -an or -gan) | Meaning | |
| III†50. | Parang (Moroon) | (Black wallaby. Emu) |
| Bunda | [Kangaroo] | |
| Balgoin (Banjoor, Pandur) | (Red wallaby. Native bear) | |
| Theirwain | (Kangaroo) |
Tribes: Maryborough tribes (Howitt, 117); Kabi (Curr, III, 163): Kiabara (J. A. I. XIII, 305);? (Hodgson, 212; Mathew, Eaglehawk, 100); Wide Bay (Curr, I, 117).
For the Emon, Howitt (p. 109) gives:
| Barah | |
| Bondan | |
| Bondurr | |
| Taran |
With these classes are associated the phratries:
| (a) | The Maryborough tribes and the Kiabara | Dilbi | Kupathin. |
| (b) | Dippil | Deeajee | Karpeun |
are the forms given by Mathews (Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXVIII, 329).
| Class names (Fem. termination, -an) | Meaning | |
| IV. | Karilbura | Barrimundi |
| Munal | Hawk | |
| Kurpal | Good water | |
| Kuialla (Koodala) | Iguana |
Tribes: Kuinmurbura (J. A. I. XIII, 341; Howitt, 111). The Taroombul have the form Koodala (Proc. R. S. Qu. XIII, 41).
For the Kangulu, Mathews (J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXIII, 111) gives:
| Banniar51 | |
| Banjoor | |
| Koorpal | |
| Kearra |
With these may be compared Howitt’s (p. 111):
| Kairawa | |
| Bunjur | |
| Bunya | |
| Jarbain (? Tarbain) |
The phratries associated with these are:
| Tribe | |||
| (a) | Kuinmurbura | Witteru | Yungaru |
| (b) | Kangulu | Wutthuru | Yungnuru |
| Class names | Fem. termination | Meaning | |
| V. | Wongo | ||
| Kubaru (Ubur, Obu) | -an | (Gidea tree) | |
| Bunburi (Anbeir, Unburri, Bunbai) | |||
| Koorgilla (Urgilla) |
Tribes: Ungorri (Howitt, 109); Kogai (Curr, I, 117; J. A. I. XIII, 337); Yuipera etc. (Curr, III, 45, 64; J. A. I. XIII, 302); Akulbura, Bathalibura (Howitt, 113, 141); Wakelbura (Howitt, 112); on Belyando (Curr, III, 26); Dalebura (Howitt, 113), Buntamurra (Howitt, 113, 226); Purgoma (Roth, 66); Jouon (ib. 67); Pitta-Pitta, Goa, Miorli (Roth, 56-7); Ringa-Ringa (J. A. I. XIII, 337); Mittakoodi (Roth, 56-7); Woonamurra (ib.); Yerunthully (Mathews in R. G. S. Qu. X, 30); Badieri (id. ib. 1905, 55).
With these class names are associated the phratries
| (a) | Kogai, Wakelbura etc. | Wuthera | Mallera |
| (b) | Yuipera, Bathalibura | Wootaroo | Yungaroo |
| (c) | Purgoma | Naka | Tunna |
| (d) | Jouon | Chepa | Junna |
| (e) | Pitta-Pitta etc., Mittakoodi, Woonamura | Ootaroo | Pakoota |
| (f) | Badieri | Wootaroo | Yungo |
Aberrant forms, probably inaccurate, are given by Curr (II, 424) for Halifax Bay: Korkoro, Korkeen, Wongo, Wotero; by Lumholtz (p. 199) for the Herbert R.: Gorilla, Gorgero, Gorgorilla, Otero, by Curr (II, 468) for the Yukkaburra: Utheroo, Multheroo, Yungaroo, Goorgilla.
On the Tully R. Roth (Ethn. Bull. V, 20) found the following:
| Class names | |
| VI. | Karavangi |
| Chikun | |
| Kurongon | |
| Kurkilla |
With these may be compared the names given by Mathews for the Warkeman (J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXII, 109, 251):
| Karpungie | |
| Cheekungie | |
| Kellungie | |
| Koopungie |
On the Annan R. we find (Howitt, 118) with male descent:
| Class names | Meaning | |
| VII. | Wandi | Eaglehawk |
| Walar | Bee | |
| Jorro | Bee | |
| Kutchal | Saltwater Eaglehawk |
With these are associated the phratries:
(a) Walar Murla
| VIII. | Ranya (Arenia) |
| Rara (Arara) | |
| Loora | |
| Awunga (Arawongo) |
Tribes: Wollongurma (Roth, 68); Goothanto (Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXIII, 109).
Connected with these forms are:
| Class names | |
| Barry (Ahjereena) | |
| Ararey (Arrenynung) | |
| Jury [? Loory] (Perrynung) | |
| Mungilly (Mahngal) [diamond snake]52 |
Tribes: Koogobathy (J. A. I. XIII, 303); Koonjan etc. (Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXIII, 110, XXXIV, 135). Probably Perrynung and Ahjereenya should be transposed.
| Class names | Feminine | |
| IX. | Jimmilingo | Carburungo |
| Badingo | Ngarrangungo | |
| Maringo53 | Munjungo | |
| Youingo (Kapoodungo) | Goothamungo |
Tribes: Miappe (Roth, 56-7); Mycoolon (J. A. I. XIII, 302); Workoboongo (Roth, ib.).
For the Kalkadoon, Roth (ib.) gives:
| Kunggilungo | |
| Patingo | |
| Toonbeungo | |
| Marinungo53 |
With these are associated the phratries:
| (a) | Kalkadoon | Ootaroo | Mullara |
| (b) | Miappe | Woodaroo | Pakutta |
| Class names | |
| X. | Murungun |
| Mumbali | |
| Purdal | |
| Kuial |
Tribe: Mara (Northern Tribes, 119).
With these the phratry names:
(a) Urku Ua
In this tribe is male descent, and, as in the S. Arunta, the classes are themselves divided; for equivalence the numbers of the eight-class system are arranged (Nor. Tr. 123), 1, 4; 3, 2; 5, 7; 6, 8.
Leichardt (Journal, 447) reports from the Roper R., Gnangball, Odall, Nurumball, which from their form seem to be class names and identifiable with some of the Mara names.
| Class names | |
| XI. | Awukaria |
| Roumburia | |
| Urtalia | |
| Wialia |
Tribe: Anula (Nor. Tr. 119).
XII. For the eight-class system see Table Ia; in which it is assumed that patrilineal descent prevails in all the tribes.
With these are associated the following phratries:
| (a) | Umbaia, Gnanji | Illitchi | Liaritchi |
| (b) | Warramunga, Walpari, Wulmala | Uluuru | Kingilli |
| (c) | Worgaia | ″ | Bimgaru |
| (d) | Bingongina | Wiliuku | Liaraku |
Spencer and Gillen, Nor. Tr. pp. 100-102, 119. On p. 102 is a statement about the Bingongina inconsistent with that on the following page; according to the former the phratry names are Illitchi, Liaritchi, as among the Umbaia.
| Class names | |
| XIII. | Panunga |
| Bulthara | |
| Purula | |
| Kumara |
Tribe: S. Arunta (Nat. Tr. 90).
| XIIIa. | Deringara |
| Gubilla | |
| Koomara | |
| Belthara |
Tribe: Yoolanlanya etc. (R. G. S. Qu. XVI, 75).
The arrangement suggests that matrilineal descent prevails, but there is probably some error.
| Class names | |
| XIIIb. | Burong (Parungo) |
| Ballieri (Parajerri; Butcharrie) | |
| Banaka (Boogarloo) | |
| Kymerra (Kaiamba) |
Tribes: Gnamo, Gnalluma (Int. Arch. XVI, 12); Nickol Bay and Kimberley have the alternative forms of 1, 2, and 4 (Curr, I, 296; Kamilaroi, 36, Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXV, 220), Weedokarry (id. in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXIX, 89) have third form of 2; at Murchison R. Boorgarloo comes into use (West Australian, Ap. 7, 1906).
| Class names | Meaning | |
| XIV. | Tondarup (Namyungo) | Fish hawk |
| Didaruk | Sea | |
| Ballaruk (Yangor) | (Opossum) | |
| Naganok | (Fish) |
Tribes: S. W. Australia, Tarderick etc. (West. Aust., loc. cit.; Moore, Desc. Voc., Col. Mag. V, 422.
The phratries are
(a) Wartungmat Munichmat
The equivalence is unknown.
| Class names | |
| XV. | Langenam |
| Namegor | |
| Packwicky | |
| Pamarung |
Tribe: Joongoongie of N. Queensland (Mathews in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXIX, 93).
Associated with them the phratries:
(a) Jamagunda Gamanutta
The equivalence is unknown.
| Class names | Meaning | |
| XVI. | Kari | Emu |
| Waui | Red kangaroo | |
| Wiltu | Eaglehawk | |
| Wilthuthu | Shark |
Tribe: Narrangga of Yorke Peninsula (Howitt, p. 130).
Table I a: XII. Class Names of Eight-Class Tribes
| Oolawunga54 etc. | Bingongina55 | Umbaia56 | Yookala57 etc. | Binbinga58 | Gnanji59 | |
| Janna | Thama | } | Tjinum | Jinagoo | Tjuanaku | Uanuku |
| Nanakoo | Tchana | Ninum | Niriuma | Nuanakurna | ||
| Nana | ||||||
| Jimidya | Tjimita | Tjulum | Joolanjegoo | Tjulantjuka | Tjulantjuka | |
| Namaja | Namita | Nulum | Nurlum | Nurlanjukurna | ||
| Dhalyeree | Thalirri | Paliarinji | Bullaranjee | Paliarinji | Paliarinji | |
| Nalirri | Paliarina | Paliarina | Paliarina | |||
| Dhongaree | Thungarie | Pungarinji | Bungaranjee | Pungarinji | Pungarinji | |
| Nungari | Pungarinia | Pungarina | Pungarinia | |||
| Joolama | Tjurla | Tjurulum | Jooralagoo | Tjurulum | Uralaku | |
| Nowala | Nala | Nurulum | Nurulum | Nuralakurna | ||
| Jungalla | Thungalla | Thungallum | Jungalagoo | Thungallum | Thungallaku | |
| Nungalla | Nungallum | Nungallum | Nungallakurna | |||
| Jeemara | Tjimara | Tjamerum | Jameragoo | Tjamerum | Tjameraku | |
| Nunalla | Niameragun | Niamerum | Niamaku | |||
| Jambijana | Tjambitjina | Yakomari | Yukamurra | Yakomari | Yakomari | |
| Nambean | Nambitjina | Yakomarin | Yakomarina | Yakomarina | ||
| Worgaia60 | Yangarella61 | Inchalachie62 | Yungmunnie63 | Tjingillie64 | |
| Wairgu | Narrabalangie | { | Narrabalangie | Unwannee | Thamininja |
| Neonammer | Warkie | Imbannee | Namininja | ||
| Blaingunjhu | Bolangie | Bolangie | Eemitch | Tjimininja | |
| Nolangmer | Immadena | Truminginja | |||
| Biliarinthu | Bulleringie | Belyeringie | Uwallaree | Thalaringinja | |
| Nulyarammer | Imballaree | Nalaringinja | |||
| Pungarinju | Bongaringie | Beneringie | Uwungaree | Thungaringinta | |
| Nongarimmer | Imbongaree | Namaringinta | |||
| Warrithu | Burralangie | { | Burralangie | Urwalla | Tjurulinginja |
| Nurralammer | Narechie | Imbawalla | Nalinginja | ||
| Kingelunju | Kunuller | Kungilla | Yungalla | Thungallininja | |
| Nungalermer | Inkagalla | Nalangininja | |||
| Tjameramu | Kommerangie | { | Kommerangie | Unmarra | Thamaringinja |
| Nemurammer | Boonongoona | Inganmarra | Namaringinja | ||
| Ikamaru | Yakomari | { | Akamaroo | Tabachin | Tjapatjinginja |
| Jumeyunyie | Thimmermill | Tabadenna | Nambitjinginja | ||
{ Ilpirra65
Arunta
Kaitish
Iliaura
{ Warramunga66
Walpari
Wulmala
Meening67
Mayoo68
Koorangie69 etc.
Panunga
Thapanunga
Chowan
Chinuma
Janna
Napanunga
Nowana
Nanagoo
Nanakoo
Uknaria
Tjinguri
Choongoora
Choongoora
Jamada
Namigili
Nangili
Narbeeta
{
Bulthara
Tjapeltjeri
Chavalya
Chavalya
Dhalyeree
Kabidgi
Naltjeri
Nanajerry
Nabajerry
Appitchana
Appungerta
Thapungarti
Chowarding
Changary
Dhungaree
Napungerta
Nabungati
Nhermana
Purula
Tjupila
Chooara
Choolima
Joolam
Naralu
Nooara
Naola
Ungalla
Thungalla
Changally
Chungalla
Jungalla
Nungalla
Nangally
Nungalla
Kumara
Thakomara
Chagarra
Chapota
Jameram
Nakomara
Nagarra
Nemira
Umbitchana
Tjambin
Chambeen
Chambijana
Jummiunga
Nambin
Nambeen
Nambjana
Table II
Phratry Names.
| Phratries | Meanings | Name of Tribe | |
| 1. | †Waa(ng) | Crow | Wurunjerri70 |
| Bunjil or Wrepil | Eaglehawk | ||
| 2. | Yuckembruk | ″ | Ngarrego71 |
| Merung | |||
| 3. | Umbe | Crow | Wolgal72 etc. |
| Malian or Multa | Eaglehawk | ||
| 4. | Muquara Kilpara | ″ | Berriait73, Tatathi74, Wathi-Wathi74, Keramin75, Waimbio76, Barkinji77, Milpulko78, Wilya78, Itchumundi79 |
| 5. | Kumit (Gamutch, Kaputch, Kulitch) | Black cockatoo | |
| Kroki (Krokitch, Krokage) | White cockatoo | Booandik80, Wotjoballuk81, Gournditchmara82 etc. |
The feminine terminations are -egor, -gurk or -jarr.
For South-West Victoria Dawson (Aborigines, p. 26) gives two groups and an odd totem kin (?):
| Phratries | Meaning | Name of Tribe | |
| 6. | Kuurokeetch | Longbilled cockatoo | |
| Kartpoerappa | Pelican | ||
| Kappatch | Banksia cockatoo | ||
| Kirtuuk | Boa snake | ||
| Kuunamit | Quail | ||
| 7. | Kararu (Kiraru, Kararawa) | Dieri83, Parnkalla & Nauo84, Yandairunga85, Urabunna86 | |
| Matteri | |||
| 8. | Tinewa | Yandrawontha, Yowerawarika87 | |
| Koolpuru | (? Emu) | ||
| 9. | Yungo | (? Kangaroo) | |
| Mattera | Kurnandaburi88 | ||
| 10. | Kookoojeeba | ||
| Koocheebinga | Geebera89 |
The equivalence is not known.
| 11. | Koorabunna | ||
| Kooragula | Goonganji90 |
| Phratry | |||
| 12. | Darboo* | Bloomfield River91 | |
| Tooar |
| Eight-class system† | ||||
| 40. | Illitchi | Liaritchi | XIIa | |
| 41. | Uluuru | Biingaru | XIIc | (? Curlew) |
| 42. | ″ | Kingilli | XIIb | (? Curlew) |
| 43. | Wiliuku | Liaraku | XIId | |
| 44. | Urku | Ua | Xa |
Table III
Allusion has been made in Chapter III to kinship organisations denominated “bloods” and “shades” by Mr R. H. Mathews. Whether it is that some observers have mistaken these for phratries or vice versâ, it seems that the names of the two classes of organisation are at present inextricably intermingled, as the following table shows:
| Tribe | Phratry | Blood | Meaning | |
| Itchmundi92 | Kilpara-Muquara | { | Mukulo-Ngielpuru Muggula-Ngipuru† | †Sluggish and swift blood |
| Wiradjeri93 | Mukula-Budthurung | |||
| Wonghibon94 | Mukumura-Ngielbumura |
| Wonghibon and Ngneumba | } | 95 | Ngumbun-Ngurrawan | Gwaigullimba-Gwaimudhan‡ | ‡Swift and sluggish blood |
| Euahlayi96 | Gwaigullean-Gwaimudthen | Light and dark blooded | |||
| Murawari97 | Girrana-Merugulli | Muggulu-Bumbirra§ | §Sluggish and swift blood |
Table IV
The areas covered by the different class and phratry names are not co-extensive, that is to say a class is associated with more than one phratry and vice versâ. The Undekerebina98 and Yelyuyendi99 have phratries (No. 29) which are usually associated with classes but in their case none have been noted. On the other hand it is not uncommon to find classes without the corresponding phratry names; this is the case in the eight class area, among the tribes of N. S. Wales, S. Queensland, etc.; but no special significance attaches to it unless we are certain that it is not the negligence of the observer nor the disuse of the names which has produced this state of things. On the other hand the relation of phratry and class areas is of the highest importance, as is shown in Chapter V. The following table shows the anomalies:
| Tribe | Phratry | Class |
| Wiradjeri | 21 | I |
| Euahlayi | 22 | I |
| Ngeumba, Wonghi | 23, or 24 | I |
| Murawari | 25 | I |
| Kiabara, etc. | 20 | III |
| Dippil | 26 | III |
| Kuinmurbura, Kongulu | 27 | IV |
| Yuipera, Badieri, Yambeena, etc. | 27 | V |
| Kogai, Wakelbura, etc. | 28 | V |
| Woonamura, Mittakoodi, Miorli, etc. | 29 | V |
| Purgoma | 30 | V |
| Jouon | 32 | V |
| Miappe | 29 | VIII |
| Kalkadoon | 28 | VIII |
Notes
48 The Darkinung have Bya for Muri (J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXI, 170).
49 Some of the Wiradjeri have Wōmbee for Kumbo (Gribble, 113).
50 Male descent.
51 Some of the names given by Howitt and Mathews seem to be identical with those of the Kiabara, but there is a difficulty about the arrangement, for Koorpal-Keeara=Yungnuru=Bunya-Jarbain; but Banniar, which seems to be the same as Bunya, falls in the other moiety.
52 Curr, II, 478.
53 Marinungo seems to be the same as Maringo but is not equivalent.
54 Mathews in Proc. R. G. S. Qu., X, 72.
55 Northern Tribes, 101.
56 Ib., 100, cf. J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXIV, 121; XXXIX, 105.
57 Mathews in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., XXXVIII, 77.
58 Northern Tribes, 111.
59 Northern Tribes, 101.
60 Northern Tribes, 101.
61 Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXII, 251.
62 Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXIII, 111.
63 Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXIV, 130.
64 Northern Tribes, 100; cf. Am. Anth., N. S. II, 495; Proc. R. G. S. Qu., XVI, 72, 73.
65 Native Tribes, 90; cf. Proc. R. S. Vict., N. S. X, 19; T. R. S. S. A., XIV, 224; J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXII, 72.
66 Northern Tribes, 100; cf. J. A. I., XVIII, 44; J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXII, 73.
67 Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W., XXXIII, 112; XXXV, 217.
68 Mathews in Proc. R. G. S. Qu., XVI, 70.
69 Mathews in Am. Phil. Soc., XXXVIII, 78.
* The equivalence is unknown.
70 Howitt, p. 126.
71 Id. p. 101.
72 Id. p. 102, Lang, Secret, p. 163.
73 Curr, II, 165.
74 J. A. I. XIII, 338; Howitt, p. 195.
75 J. A. I. XIV, 349.
76 Taplin, p. 17; Howitt, p. 100.
77 J. A. I. XIV, 348; Curr, II, 188, 195.
78 Howitt, p. 98.
79 Id. p. 106 n. For the Kurnai, Bunjil and Ngarregal were perhaps phratry names (Howitt, p. 135).
80 Curr, III, 461; Howitt, p. 123.
81 Id. p. 121.
82 Id. p. 124.
83 Howitt, p. 91.
84 Woods, p. 222.
85 Howitt, p. 187.
86 Nor. Tr. p. 60.
87 Howitt, p. 97.
88 Howitt, p. 92; Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXIII, 108.
89 Mathews in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXIX, 187.
90 Sci. Man, I. 84; Mathews in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXIX, 89; in J. R. S. N. S. W. he reports a third name in certain districts—Koorameenya.
91 Mathews in Proc. Am. Phil. Soc. XXXIX, 89.
92 Howitt, p. 106 n.; Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. XXXIX, 118.
93 Id. p. 107.
94 Id. p. 108.
95 Mathews in J. R. S. N. S. W. xxxix, 116. Eth. Notes, p. 5.
96 Mrs Langloh Parker, Euahlayi Tribe, p. 11.
97 Mathews in Proc. R. G. S. Qu., 1905, 52.
98 Rota, p. 56.
99 Howitt, p. 192.
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