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The Theory of Moral Sentiments

by Adam Smith

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Contents

Part I

Of the Propriety of Action

Section I

Chap. I. Of Sympathy ibid.

Chap. III. Of the manner in which we judge of the propriety or impropriety of the affections of other men, by their concord or dissonance with our own

Section II

Chap. II. Of those passions which take their origin from a particular turn or habit of the imagination 41

Section III

Of the effects of prosperity and adversity upon the judgment of mankind with regard to the propriety of action; and why it is more easy to obtain their approbation in the one state than in the other

Chap. I. That though our sympathy with sorrow is generally a more lively sensation than our sympathy with joy, it commonly falls much more short of the violence of what is naturally felt by the person principally concerned

Part II

Of Merit and Demerit; or of the objects of reward and punishment.

Section I

Chap. I. That whatever appears to be the proper object of gratitude, appears to deserve reward; and that, in the same manner, whatever appears to be the proper object of resentment, appears to deserve punishment

Chap. III. That where there is no approbation of the conduct of the person who confers the benefit, there is little sympathy with the gratitude of him who receives it: and that, on the contrary, where there is no disapprobation of the motives of the person who does the mischief, there is no sort of sympathy with the resentment of him who suffers it

Section II

Chap. I. Comparison of those two virtues ibid.

Chap. II. Of the sense of justice, of remorse, and of the consciousness of merit 126

Section III

Of the influence of fortune upon the sentiments of mankind, with regard to the merit or demerit of actions 145

Part III

Of the foundation of our judgments concerning our own sentiments and conduct, and of the sense of duty.

Chap. II. In what manner our own judgments refer to what ought to be the judgments of others: and of the origin of general rules

Chap. III. Of the influence and authority of the general rules of morality, and that they are justly regarded as the laws of the Deity

Chap. IV. In what cases the sense of duty ought to be the sole principle of our conduct; and in what cases it ought to concur with other motives

Part IV

Of the effect of utility upon the sentiments of approbation.

Chap. I. Of the beauty which the appearance of Utility bestows upon all the productions of art, and of the extensive influence of this species of beauty

Chap. II. Of the beauty which the appearance of utility bestows upon the characters and actions of men; and how far the perception of this beauty may be regarded as one of the original principles of approbation

Part V

Of the influence of custom and fashion upon the sentiments of moral approbation and disapprobation.

Chap. I. Of the influence of custom and fashion upon our notions of beauty and deformity 261

Part VI

Of Systems of Moral Philosophy

Section I

Of the questions which ought to be examined in a theory of moral sentiments 291

Section II

Section III

Section IV

Of the manner in which different authors have treated of the practical rules of morality 367

Considerations concerning the first formation of languages, and the different genius of original and compound languages 389

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