Appendix B — List of Certain Classic Authors Found in Medieval Catalogues
This list is brief, but it should be long enough to show clearly what Greek and Latin authors were read in the Middle Ages, and to indicate roughly their comparative popularity. A note has been made of only one copy of a work found at a particular place at a certain time; often there were duplicates, sometimes many copies: for example, consult Appendix C, under date c. 1170.
The following abbreviations are used: August. Fr. York = Augustinian Friary, York; C. U. L. = Cambridge University Library; Cant. Coll. = Canterbury College, Oxford; Ch. Ch. C. = Christ Church, Canterbury; Durh. = Durham Priory; Lanthony = Lanthony Priory, nr. Gloucester; Ox. U. L. = Oxford University Library; S. Cath. H. = S. Catharine’s College; Rochester = S. Andrew’s Priory, Rochester; S. Aug. C. = S. Augustine’s Monastery, Canterbury; S. Mart. Dov. = S. Martin’s Priory, Dover. Other abbreviations are self-explanatory.
Aeschines.—Orations (1443, Ox. U. L.).
Aristotle.—(8 cent., York; 1248, Glastonbury; 1315, Durh.; c. 1387, New Coll.; 1418, Peterhouse). Organon (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1202, Rochester; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; c. 1385, Pembr. Coll.; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1391 and 1395, Durh.; 1435 and 1473, C. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Topica (bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1387, Exeter Coll.; 1448, Hospital of S. Mary within Cripplegate, London). De Sophisticis elenchis (bef. 13 cent., Reading). Natural sciences (1274, Peterborough; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1435 and 1473, C. U. L.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C., de nova translacione; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Physica (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391 and 1395, Durh.; 1435, C. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1508, Ch. Ch. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.). Meteorologica (1435 and 1473, C. U. L.). Historia animalium (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C., de animalibus; 1372, August. Fr. York, de animalibus; 1389, S. Mart. Dov., de natura animalium; 1473, C. U. L.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn, de animalibus). De generatione animalium (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1443, Ox. U. L.). De anima (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1439, Ox. U. L.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Metaphysica (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1473, C. U. L.; 1487, Pembr. Coll.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Ethica (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1387, Exeter Coll.; 1391, Durh.; 1428, Pembr. Coll.; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1473, C. U. L.; 1475, S. Cath. H.; 1487, Pembr. Coll.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1508, Ch. Ch. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll., noviter translatus; c. 1526, Syon). Magna Moralia (1487, Pembr. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Politica (c. 1428, Pembr. Coll.; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1487, Pembr. Coll.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1508, Ch. Ch. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Rhetorica (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1475, S. Cath. H.; 1487, Pembr. Coll.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1508, Ch. Ch. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon). Problemata (1435 and 1473, C. U. L.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon). Oeconomica (1372, August. Fr. York).
Caesar.—Commentaries (1443, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn).
Cicero.—(8 cent., York; 1439, Ox. U. L., Opera viginti duo in magno volumine; 1520, Wm. Grocyn, Opera omnia). Epistolae (1480, Bp. Shirwood; 1498, Coll. of Bishop Auckland; 1524, Cant. Coll.; 1439, Ox. U. L., 1520, Wm. Grocyn, and c. 1526, Syon, ad familiares; 1439, Ox. U. L., ad Quintum). Orationes (beg. 14 cent., Lanthony, in Catilinam; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1474, Bp. Shirwood; 1478, Balliol Coll.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; 1372, August. Fr. York, Tullii invectivarum; 1391, Durh.; 1439, Ox. U. L.; and 1520, Wm. Grocyn, Philippics; 1439, Ox. U. L., in Verrem). De Senectute (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1180, Whitby; 12 cent., Durh.; 1217-18, Evesham; 1248, Glastonbury; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; c. 1400, Meaux; 1418, Peterhouse; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; c. 1526, Syon. Frequently found). De Legibus (12 cent., Durh.). De Officiis (1202, Rochester; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1418, Peterhouse; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1475, S. Cath. H.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; c. 1526, Syon). De Republica (Somnium Scipionis (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1418, Peterhouse;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1526, Syon). De Amicitia (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1180, Whitby; 1195, Durh.; 1217-18, Evesham; 1248, Glastonbury; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391, Durh.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; c. 1526, Syon—one of the commonest of classic works in the M.A.). Paradoxa (1217-18, Evesham; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1391, Durh.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; c. 1526, Syon). Tusculanae disputationes (beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 1418, Peterhouse; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; 1526, Syon). De Inventione (Rhetorica) (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391, Durh.; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1458, S. Paul’s; 1473, C. U. L.;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon, nova rhetorica). De Oratore (1477, Bp. Shirwood). Topica (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.). De Natura Deorum (c. 1526, Syon). De Finibus (1472, Bp. Shirwood).
Gellius.—Noctes Atticae (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1391, Durh.; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1476, Bp. Shirwood; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon).
“Homer.”—(12 cent., Durh.; 1180, Whitby). Iliad (c. 1526, Syon).
Horace.—(c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; c. 1480, Bp. Shirwood;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham; c. 1526, Syon). Epistles (bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.).
Juvenal.—c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1180, Whitby; 12 cent., Durh.; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1217-18, Evesham; 1248, Glastonbury; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1391, Durh.; 1487, Bp. Shirwood; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon.
Livy.—(1248, Glastonbury; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1443, Ox. U. L.; 1475, Bp. Shirwood; 1508, Ch. Ch. C.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon, epitome by Florus).
Lucan.—(8 cent., York; c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1202, Rochester; 1217-18, Evesham; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1473, C. U. L.;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.; c. 1526, Syon).
Lucretius.—De Rerum natura (1520, Wm. Grocyn).
Martial.—(12 cent., Peterboro’; 14 cent., Ramsey; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York, Epigrammata marcii valerii, libri 15; c. 1400, Meaux; 1418, Peterhouse; 1451, Henry Calder, vicar of Cookfield; 1476, Bp. Shirwood).
Ovid.—(c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 1202, Rochester, Ovidius magnus; 14 cent., Ramsey; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.;? 1482, Leicester). Ars amatoria (12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham). Remedia Amoris (12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1438, T. Cooper, a scholar of Oxford; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham). Mendicamina faciei (c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Metamorphoses (1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1443, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1470, Pembr. Coll.; 1473, C. U. L.;? 1482, Leicester, de mirabilibus mundi; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham; c. 1526, Syon). Fasti (12 cent., Durh.; 1202, Rochester; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1443, Ox. U. L.). Tristia (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1418, Peterhouse; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Ibis (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August. Fr. York; c. 1400, Meaux; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Heroides (1372, August. Fr. York). Ex Ponto (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391, Durh.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.).
Persius—(c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1180, Whitby; 12 cent., Durh.; 1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 1520, Wm. Grocyn).
Plato—(1180, Whitby; bef. 13 cent., Reading; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1439, Ox. U. L.;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1526, Syon). Timaeus (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1248, Glastonbury; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August Fr. York; 1418, Peterhouse; 1451, Hy. Caldey, vicar of Cookfield; 1478, Balliol Coll., new translation; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Republic (1443, Ox. U. L., new translation; 1452, King’s Coll., Camb.; 1475, S. Cath. H.). Euthyphro (1478, Balliol Coll., new translation).
Plautus—12 or 13 cent., Bury [James1, 27]; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony, Aulularia; 1481, Bp. Shirwood; 1520, Wm. Grocyn.
Pliny the Elder—(8 cent., York; 1126-71, Glastonbury, de naturali historia; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C., Prima pars Plinii, et secunda pars; 1418, Peterhouse, Hist. nat.; 1439, Ox. U. L., Plinius de naturis rerum; 1443, Ox. U. L., Physica; 1464, Bp. Shirwood; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon). Extracts, Medicina Plinii (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C., Liber Plinii junioris [sic] de diversis medicinis).
Pliny the Younger.—Letters (1443, Ox. U. L.).
Plutarch.—Vitae (1480, Bp. Shirwood, printed, Latin; 1520, Wm. Grocyn).
Quintilian.—Institutio oratoria (12 cent., Durh.; c. 1290, the La Fytes, scholars at Oxford; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1326-35, S. Albans; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1391, Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1475, S. Cath. H.; 1478, Balliol Coll.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.)
Sallust—(c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent. Durh.; 1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; c. 1400, Meaux; 1418, Peterhouse). Bella (12 cent., Bury; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb., de bello Cat.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham; c. 1526, Syon). Seneca the Younger—c. 1170, Peterboro’; 1260-9, S. Albans; 12 cent., Durh.; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1478, Balliol Coll.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn). Opera (c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). De Beneficiis (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1395, Durh.; c. 1400, Meaux; 1418, Peterhouse). De Clementia (c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1395, Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1458, S. Paul’s). Epistolae morales (12 cent., Peterboro’; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; bef. 13 cent., Reading; 13 cent., Rievaulx; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1395, Durh.; c. 1400, Meaux; 1418, Peterhouse; 1451, Hy. Caldey, vicar of Cookfield; 1452, King’s Coll., Camb.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Naturales quaestiones (1418, Peterhouse; 1458, S. Paul’s). Tragædiae (1372, August. Fr. York; 1439, Ox. U. L.; 1452, King’s Coll., Camb.; c. 1480, Bp. Shirwood). Innumerable.
Statius—(8 cent., York; 1180, Whitby; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; c. 1526, Syon). Thebais (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1479, Bp. Shirwood). Achilleis (c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1372, August Fr. York; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Silvae (1478 Bp. Shirwood).
Suetonius.—De Vita Caesarum (12 or 13 cent., Bury; 1126-71, Glastonbury; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; c. 1400, Meaux; 1443, Ox. U. L.; 1458, S. Paul’s; 1476, Bp. Shirwood; 1508, New Coll.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon).
Tacitus.—De Oratoribus (1520, Wm. Grocyn; 1526, Syon).
Terence—(12 cent., Durh.; 12 cent., Peterboro’; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C.; 1202, Rochester; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; beg. 14 cent., Lanthony; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1326-35, S. Albans; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1391, Durh.; 1443, Ox. U. L.; 1471, Bp. Shirwood; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1500, Jesus Coll., Rotherham; c. 1530, Wells Cath.).
Trogus, Pompeius—(8 cent., York; 1095, Durh.; 12 cent., Durh.; 1391, Durh.; 1443, Ox. U. L.; 1465, Bp. Shirwood).
Valerius Maximus.—Facta et dicta memorabilia (13 cent., Bury; 1391, Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1420-40, S. Albans; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb.; 1520, Wm. Grocyn; c. 1526, Syon).
Varro.—De Lingua Latina (1443, Ox. U. L.; c. 1526, Syon).
Virgil—(8 cent., York; 12 or 13 cent., Bury; 12 cent., Durh.; c. 1150, Lincoln Cath.; c. 1170, Ch. Ch. C., Virgilius totus; 14 cent., Ramsey; 1326-35, S. Albans;? 1482, Leicester; c. 1526, Syon, Opera). Bucolics (12 cent., Durh.; 1180, Whitby; bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1389, S. Mart. Dov.; 1391, Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; 1452, King’s Coll. Camb., Virgilius in bucolicis cum ceteris; 1458, S. Paul’s; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Georgics (12 cent., Durh.; bef. 13 cent., Reading; 1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391, Durh.; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.). Aeneid (1202, Rochester; 1248, Glastonbury; c. 1300, Ch. Ch. C.; 1372, August. Fr. York; 1391, Durh.; 1418, Peterhouse; c. 1497, S. Aug. C.; 1524, Cant. Coll.).
NOTE.
In compiling the above list use has been made of Bateson; Becker; Bradshaw; C.A.S.; Chron. Mon. de Melsa, iii.; Dugdale, Hist. of S. Paul’s; E.H.R. iii.; James; James1; James2; James9; James10; Mun. Acad.; Robinson; Sur. Soc. vii.; Archaeologia Cantiana; Fasciculus Ioanni Willis Clark dicatus (art. by Dr. M. R. James), and other works.