The Boke of Saint Albans

Chapter IV Philology

There is a strongly marked individuality in the spelling throughout all the treatises in this work. If the Hunting rhymes belong to Dam Julyans, their orthography, like the prose portions, is that of the Schoolmaster, who appears to have been a North-countryman, many words leading to that conclusion. The formation of the plural by adding the letters “is” or “ys” strikes the attention at once. Thus the plural of bells is bellis; egg, eggis; vetch, fetchis; fulmert, fulmertis; hawk, hawkys; herd, herdys; person, personys, and so on. The change of a y at the end of a word to an i is common, as onli, softeli, unthrefti; and for if; algate; awth for all the; bowke; chylder; clepit; clees; knaw; ken; yowre; and many others are Northern. As might be expected, many Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman words now obsolete are found, such as benymme, blynne, byzete, canell, clepit, colver, dagon, gobbit, kawe, kydde, liggen, merde, nasethrils, nym,5 raton, and many others.

The following vocabulary will show the chief words in which peculiarity of spelling or dialect are noticeable:—

alfe, half
algate, always
and, used for “if”
appillis, apples
arn, are
assone, as soon
awntelere, antler
awth, aught
awth, all the
barris, bars
beestys, beasts
beke, beak
bellis, bells
bene, be
benymme, take away
blynne, to cease
boon, bone
bodi, body
bowellis, bowels
bott, but
bottre, butter
bowke, crooked
bridde, bird
broght, brought
bysprenged, sprinkled
byzete, gain
calt, called
calde, called
cattis flesh, cat’s flesh
canell, cinnamon
callish, call (imper.)
chycon, chick
chykynnes, chickens
chooce, choice
chylder, children
clepit, called
cloos, close
communeli, commonly
commythe, cometh
cowntenansis, countenances
coluer, a dove
colode, cold
cogh, cough
contenyt, contained
cowples, couples
croampe, cramp
currage, courage
cum, cumme, come
dais, days
dagon, a piece
dayses, daisies
deeil, a portion
defawte, default
diueris, divers
dookes, ducks
doon, do
doys, does
echeon, each one
ech, each
eeg, egg
eegis, eggs
ellis, else
elis, eels
errabull, arable
eseli, easily
eueri, every
euerose, rosewater
euyn, eeuen, even
eyre, air
eygh, eyghen, eye, eyes
febulness, feebleness
fechens, stoats
faukeneris, falconers
feederis, federes, feathers
fetchis, vetches
feldis, fields
fosterys, foresters
folowys, follows
flee, flay
forder, further
forrgeet, forget
fostewt, fost
fowrith, fourth
fulmertis, polecats
gedder, gather
glayre, white of an egg
gobbit, piece
gres, grease
groyn, grown
gyde, guide
habull, able
hawkys, hawks
hawtyn, proud
hakke, hack
haare, hare
heepis, heeps
hedgis, hedges
herdys, herds
howndys, hounds
hoole, whole
hoold, holde, old
hoom, home
hudge, small
huntid, hunted
hunterys, hunters
hennys, hens
huicles oppon hir houghis
hanylon, wiles of a fox
igh, ighe, iyen, eye, eyes
ingraylyt, engrailled
inowgh, enough
ilich, alike
iren, iron
ilke, each
juse, juice
kawe, call
ken, know
knaw, knawe, know
knottis, knots
kneys, knees
kow, cow
knyue, knife
kydde, known
kyndeli, natural
kut, cut
layserly, leisurely
lew warme
leppys, leaps
leif, dear
leuer, liver
lies, lice
linne, lynne, linen
littyl, little
liggyn, lie
luke water
lyddis of the ighen, eyelids
lymayall, iron filings
looff, loaf
maake, make
mary, marrow
markeris, markers
merde, dung
medecyne, medesyn,
medlide, mingled
meele, melis, meal, meals
medill, mingle
moch, much
mony, many
mowothe, mouth
moystour, moisture
myddes, midst
mynne, mine
nasethrillis, nostrils
nares, nostrils
naamys, names
natheless, nevertheless
neppe, catmint
nettis, nets
notabull, notable
no moo, no more
nombur, number
not, a nut
nyghtis, nights
nym, nomme, take, taken
okys, oaks
onli, only
ony, honey
ones, onys, once
oouen, oven
oon, one
oppyn, open
ordenatili
owte, out
parlous, perlous, perilous
pennyd, feathered
personys, persons
pellittis, pellets
pike, pick
proceis, process
puttith, putteth
praty, pretty
properteis, properties
quarterit, quartered
rad,? afraid
raton, a rat
restith, resteth
rede, ready
rebuket, rebuked
roys, roes
roungeth
rowse, rouse
saauue, save
serven, sew
semytoyn, semitone
se, see
shewys, shows
slau, slow
snakys, snakes
softeli, softly
somwatt, somewhat
soore, sore
sowre, soar
soper, supper
sowkyng, sucking
sonnys, sons
spanyellis, spaniels
snakys, snakes
taake, take
takys, takes
tempur, temper
termys, termis, terms
tho, thei, they
thridde, third
theyem, them
threis, thrice
theys, thighs
togeyder, together
toon, two
tweys, twice
tymeli, timely
thredis, threads
varri rede, very red
veri, very
vnthrefti, unthrifty
vreyne, urine
warbellith, warbelleth
watt, what
weere, where
weere, weary
ware, were
wengys, wings
whaan, when
whote nat, wot not
wroght, wrought
wode, wold, would
wight, swift
woddys, woods
wylis, while
yche, each
yghes, eyes
yolow, yellow
yowre, your
yowris, yours

We have now traced the various aspects in which this curious work may be viewed. There is not one of them that would not repay much deeper study, and the reader will, doubtless, sympathise with the writer in the wish that more could be discovered concerning the schoolmaster-printer. That his pioneer attempts to establish a printing press met with many discouragements was a matter of course; and, doubtless, he had many technical, business, and even social difficulties to overcome; for a reading public had to be created and patronage was scantily afforded. Nevertheless he struggled on for at least seven years, as we learn from the dates on his books, and whatever may have been his shortcomings, either as author or as printer, the fact of his having been one of the earliest promoters in this country of the grandest discovery which the mind of man has yet made, will unite all of us in honouring the memory and respecting the name, shadowy though it be, of the “Scole mayster of St. Albon.”

William Blades.

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In so moch that gentiƚƚ men and honest persones haue greete delite in haukyng and desire to haue the maner to take haukys: and also how and in waat wyse they shulde gyde theym ordynateli: and to knaw the gentiƚƚ termys in communyng of theyr haukys: and to vnderstonde theyr sekeneses and enfirmitees: and also to knawe medicines for theym accordyng. and mony notabuƚƚ termys that ben vsed ī hawkyng both of their haukys and of the fowles that their hawkys shaƚƚ sley. Therfore thys book fowlowyng in a dew forme shewys veri knawlege of suche plesure to gentiƚƚ men and ꝑsonys disposed to se itt.

Thys is the maner to begynne to kepe hawkys: bot not aƚƚ maner hawkys. bott oonli Goshawkys: and Tercellis of Goshawkys. and spare hawkys. and in watt maner thay shaƚƚ be taake.

The Maner to Speke of Hawkis Fro an Eeg to Thei Be habuƚƚ to Be Takene

Now to speke of hawkys. first thay been Egges. and afterwarde they bene disclosed hawkys. and communeli goshawkys been disclosed. as sone as the choughe and in some place more tymeli after the contre is of hete. and tymeli bredyng.
¶ And we sħaƚƚ say that hawkis doon Eyer. and not brede. in the woodes. And we shaƚƚ say that howkys doon draw when they bere tymbering to their nestes. and nott they beld ne make ther nestes And in the tyme of their loue they caƚƚ. and not kauke. And we shaƚƚ say that they trede.
¶ And when they bene vnclosed and begynneth to feder any thyng of lengthe Anoon be kynde they wiƚƚ draw somwatt out of the nest: and draw to bowis. and come agayn to ther nest And then thay be clepit Bowessis ¶ And after saynt Margaretis day thay wiƚƚ flie fro tree to tree. And then thay bene calde Brawncheris. And then it is time for to take hem
¶ And.vij. nighttis be fore saynt Margaritis day &̄.vij. nightis after is beste takyng of spare hawkes.

How ẏe Shall demeẏn ẏow ī takẏng of Hawkis & With Wat instrumētis & How ẏe Shall Kide Them

Who so wiƚƚ take hawkes he must haue nettis wich ben kalled vrines and tho must be made of good small threde. and it hade need to be died other green or blwe for espieng of thee hawke. and he most take with hym needeƚƚ and threde to ensile the hawkes that ben takien. And in this maner they must be ensiled. Take the needeƚƚ and threde: and put it thorow the ouer igh lid and so of that other. and make hem fast vnder the beke: thatt she se neuer a deeƚƚ and then sħe is ensiled as she awthe to be. Sum vsen to ensile hem with the needer igh lidde a bone the beke on the hede almost: bot that is the wors way For of reeson the ouer igh lidde closith more iustly then the nether be cause of the largenesse. When she is ensiled then bere thi hawke home on thi fiste and cast hir on a perch and let hir stande ther a night and a day and on that other day towarde eeuen. then take and cut eseli the thredes and take hem a way softeli for brekyng of the lyddis of the ighen. Then softe and faire begynne to fede her. and fair fare with her tiƚƚ sħe wiƚƚ sitte weeƚƚ vppon the fist. For it is drede for hurtyng of hir wengys. And then thessame night after the fedyng wake her aƚƚ nyght and the morow aƚƚ day. Then shee wiƚƚ be preui Inowgh to be reclamed. And the first meete that she shaƚƚ eete: lett it be hoot. and yeue her Inough ther of

Whan ẏowre Hawke maẏ Be Draw to reclaẏme and the Maner of Hir dẏette

And if yowre hawke be harde pennyd: she may be drawne to be reclaymed For aƚƚ the while that she is tender pennyd: she is not habuƚƚ to be reclaymed ¶ And if she be a Goshawke or Terceƚƚ that shaƚƚ be reclaymed euer fede hym with wasħe meete at the drawyng. and at the reclaymyng. bot loke that hit be hoote. and in this maner wasħe it. Take the meet and go to the water and strike it vpp and downe in the water. and wringe the waater owte. and fede hir ther with and she be a brawncher. And if it bene an Eyesse thow most wasħ the meete clenner then ye doo to the brawncher. and with a linne cloth wipe it and fede hir. And euermore the thrid day yeue her castyng when she is fleyng if she be a Goshawke or Terceƚƚ in this maner: Take new blanket cloth and cut.v. pelettis therof of an inche longe. And take the flesħ and cutt.v. morceilis: and withe a knyues poynt make an hoole in eueri morceƚƚ. and put therin the pellettis of cloth. and take a fair disħ with water and put hem therin. Then take the hawke and yeue her a morceƚƚ of hoote meete the mowntenawns of halfe hir sooꝑ. Then take hit that lyth in the waaṫ. and fede hir for aƚƚ nyght.

How ẏe Shall Fede ẏowre Hawke. And to Knawe Hir Infirmiteis. & Ther Bene monẏ Diueris of Them

If yowre hawke be a spare hawke: euer fede hir with vnwascħ meet and looke that hir castyng be plumage. than looke that it be cleyn vnder the perch. and in the morow ye shal fynde the castyng vnder the perch. and ther ye shaƚƚ knowe whether the hawke be clene or noo. For sum gobbit wiƚƚ be yolow and sum greene. and sum glaymous. and sum cleere And if itt be yolow she engenderith the frounce. the wych is an eueƚƚ that wiƚƚ riese in the mowothe or in the cheke. And if it be grene. she engenderith the Ry. The condicion of this eueƚƚ is this. it wil arise in the hede and make the hede to sweƚƚ. &̄ the iyen aƚƚ glaymous. and dyrke· and bot it haue helpe: it wiƚƚ downe in to the legges. and maake the legges to rancle. and if it goo fro the legges in to the hede a gayne. thi hawke is bot loost. And if it be glaymous and roping she engenderith an eueƚƚ callid the Cray. that is whan an hawke may not muteyse

Merke Wele ẏowre Medicines Here folowẏng

¶ A Medicine for the Frounce ī the Mowth

Take a siluer spoone and put the smaƚƚ ende in the fyre tiƚƚ it be hoote. Then let holde the hawke and oppyn hir beke and brin the soore and anoynte it with the mary of a goose that hathe lyne longe. and she shaƚƚ be hoole. And if the frounce be wex as greete as a note. Than ther is a grubbe ther in. and then thow most cutt it with a Rasure in this maner. Lette hoolde the hawke: and slitte ther the soore is. and thew shalte fynde ther as it ware the mawe of a pegeon. Take it owte aƚƚ hoole. and take a payre of sheeris and cutt the hoole of the soore. and make it as fayre as ye may with a lynne cloth. and wipe clene the bloode a way. and anoynt the soore with bawme.iiii. dais arewe and afterwarde with papylyen. tiƚƚ it be hoole.

¶ How the Frounce commẏthe

The frounce commyth whan a man fedith his hawke withe Porke or cattis flesħ.iiii. days to geyder.

¶ How the Rẏ commẏthe

For defawte of hoote meete this sekenese the Ry commyth.

¶ How the Craẏ commẏthe

The Cray commyth of wasħ meete the wich is wasħ withe hoote water in the defawte of hoote meete. Also it commythe of thredis the wtch ben in the flesħ that the hawke is fedde with. For though thow pike the flesħ neuer so clene. yit thow shalte fynde thredes ther in.

¶ Whan thẏn Hawke Shall Bathe hẏm

And euermore ech thridde day let thyn hawke bathe hym. aƚƚ the somer if it be mere wether. and onys in a weeke in wynter if it be fayre wether. and not ellis. And whan thow bathes thy hawke: euer yeue hir a morceƚƚ of hoote meete vnwasħ though she bene a Goshawke.

How ẏe maẏ Cawse ẏowre Hawke to flẏe Withe a Currage in the Morow

Iff ye wiƚƚ that yowre hawke flye in the morowtide. fede hir the nyght before with hoote mete. and wasħ thessame meete in vreyne and wryng owt the water clene. and that shaƚƚ make hir to haue lyst and currage to flie ī the morow in the best maner.

How ẏe Shall gẏde ẏow If ẏowre Hawke Be Full Goorged and ẏe Wode Soone Haue a flẏght

Iff yowre hawke be fuƚƚ goorged. and that ye wold soone vppon haue a flighte take.iij. cornes of whete. and put hem in a morceƚƚ of flesħ. and yeue thessame morcellie to the hawke. and she wiƚƚ cast anoon aƚƚ that she hath with in her. and anoon after that she hath cast. Looke ye haue a morceƚƚ of hoote meete to yeue hir ¶ And if yowre hawke be ouergoorged. yeue her thessame medesyn.

¶ A medecẏne for the Rẏ

Take dayses leeuys. and stampe hem in a morter. and wrynge owt the Iuse. and with a penne put it in the hawkis nares Ones or twyes whan the hawke is smalle goorged. and a non after let hir tyre. and she shaƚƚ be hoole as a fysħ ¶ Or ellis take percelli Rootis and serue hir with theyem in thessame maner. and when she tyrith holde rew ī yowre honde with the tyring and that shaƚƚ make hir voide. bot it is perlous to vse it often that the Iuce faƚƚ ner spryng in to hir yghes.

¶ Also and ye yeue yowre hawke fresħ butter or the marow of hogges that is in the bone of the butte of porke. it shaƚƚ make hir to cast water wele at the nares. and it will kepe the nares opyn. bot it wiƚƚ make hir hawtyn and prowde

¶ A medecẏne for the Craẏ & Moo Folow

Take and chafe with yowre hondys the fundement of yowre hawke with luke water a longe tyme. and after that take the powder of Saxifrage or ellis the powder of Rewe. and a quantite of may butter. and temper hit weeƚƚ to geder tiƚƚ thay ben euen medlide. than putte it in a littyƚƚ box and stoppe it faste. & as oftyn as yow fede yowre hawke an hoole meele anoynt hire meete a littyƚƚ ther with. and that shaƚƚ make hir to loue meet the bettir for loue of the oyntement. and it shaƚƚ saaue hir fro the Cray and from mony oder sekeneses: that gender ofte in an hawke.

¶ Also take the hoote hert of a swyne or of a pigge and feede her.ij. days therwith. and she shaƚƚ be hoole.

¶ Also take porke and weete it in hoote mylke of a cowe. &̄ fede the hawke therwith. and that shaƚƚ make hir mutyse att the best.

¶ Also poorke with the mary of the boon of the but of porke shaƚƚ make hir mutise &̄ fede hir with booth to geder.

¶ Also vse hir to fresh butter and it wiƚƚ doo thessame.

¶ Also oon mele or.ij. at the most of the hoote leuer of a pig shaƚƚ make hir to mutyse weele. be ware ye yeue hir not to grete a goorge therof. for it is a perlous meete

¶ Also take y^e white of an egge. &̄ labur thessame ī a spoge as weele as ye wolde make glayre for rede Inke tiƚƚ it be like wat̄. put thessame ī a vesseƚƚ. & let the meete y^t shaƚƚ be for hir soꝑ: ly a stepe ther in aƚƚ the day be for. &̄ at night fede hir therw^t and that the wich shaƚƚ be for hir dyner in the mornyng let it ly aƚƚ the nyght. bot in any wyse that ye haue alway fressħ gleyre. and if hir fedyng be poorke it is the bettir. y^t is proued

¶ The kẏndeli Termis That Belong to Hawkis

In the begynnyng of kyndeli spech of the termys that belong to hawkys here ye may fynde theym ¶ The first is holde fast at aƚƚ timys. and specially whan she batith. It is calde batyng. for she batith with hir selfe most oftyn causeles

¶ The secunde is rebate youre hawke: to yowre fyst. & thatt is whan yowre hawke batith. the leest meuyng that ye can make with yowre fyst she wiƚƚ rebate ayen vppon yowre fyst

¶ The thride is feede yowre hawke. and not gyue hir meete ¶ The fawrith is an hawke snytith. or sewith hir beke and not wipith hir beke ¶ The.v. youre hauke Ioukith. and not slepith ¶ The.vi. youre hawke proynith. and not pikith and she pronyth not bot whan she begynnyth at hir leggys. and settheth moystour like oyle. at hir taiƚƚ. and bawmeth hir fete &̄ strikyth the federis of hir wynges thorow her beke. and it is calde the note. than as she fetchis the oyle. And ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde an hawke wolde not be letted of hir proynyng. For that tyme that she proynyth she is lykyng and lusty. and whanne she hathe doone she wiƚƚ rowse hire myghtyly.

And sum tyme yowre hawke cowntenansis as she piked hir. and yet she proynith not. and then ye most say she Reformith hir federis and not piketh hir federis. ¶ The.vij yowre hawke colyeth and not beckyth ¶ The.viij. she rowsith and not shakith her selfe ¶ The.ix. she streynith and not Clithith nor Cratchith ¶ The.x she mantellith and not stretchith whan she puttith her leges from hir oon after an other: and hir wynges folow after hier leggꝭ. then she dooth mantiƚƚ hir and whaan she hath mantilled hir and bryngith booth her wynges to geider ouer hir backe ye shaƚƚ say yowre hawke warbellith hir wynges. and that is oon terme dewe therfore ¶ The.xi ye shaƚƚ say yowre hawke mutessith or mutith and not sklysith. ¶ The.xij ye shaƚƚ say cast yowre hawke to the perch. and not set youre hawke vppon the perch.

Here shal ẏe vnderstonde furthermore other maner of termẏs that belong vn to hawkis for to cōmende them for diuerse of theẏre propirteis

First ye shaƚƚ say This is a fayr hawke. an hudge hauke a longe hawke. a short thike hawke. &̄ say not this is a grete hawke. also ye shaƚƚ say this hauke has a large beke Or a shortt beke. and caƚƚ it not bille. an hudge hede or a smaƚƚ hede fayre sesoned ye shaƚƚ say yowre hawke is fuƚƚ goorged and not cropped. and yowre hawke puttithouer and endueth. and yet she dooth booth dyuersely.

¶ How ẏowre Hawke Puttithouer

An hawke puttithouer when she remeuith the mete from hir goorge in to hir bowillis. And thus ye shaƚƚ knawe it whan she puttithouer she trauersith withe hir bodi. and specialli with the necke: as a Crane doothe or an other bridde

¶ Whan ẏe Shall saẏ Enduth & Embowellid

An hawke enduth neuer as long as hir bowillis bene fuƚƚ at her fedyng. bot assone as she is fedde. and restith she enduthe littiƚƚ and littiƚƚ. And if her goorge be wide and the boweƚƚ any thyng stiffid. ye shaƚƚ say she is embowellid and hath not fully endewed and as long as ye may fele any thyng in hir bowellis it is perlous to gyue her any mete.

¶ Merke Well theẏs termẏs folowẏng

Say an hawke hath a long wyng. a faire long tayƚƚ with vi barris owt. and stondith vppon the.vii. This hawke is entirpenned That is to say when the federis of the wynges bene bitwen the body and the thighis. This hawke has an hudge legge or a flat leg. or a rownde legge. or a faire enserid legge

¶ To Knawe the Maill of an Hawke

Hawkes haue white maiƚƚ. Canuasmaiƚƚ or Rede maiƚƚ. And som caƚƚ Rede maiƚƚ Iren mayƚƚ. white maiƚƚ is soone knawe. Canuasmaiƚƚ is betwene white maiƚƚ and Iron maiƚƚ. And Iron maiƚƚ is varri Rede.

¶ Plumage. And Caste ẏowre Hawke

¶ A Goshawke nor a terceƚƚ in thare sore aage haue nott thau mayles named. bot it is calde their plumage. and after the cote. it is calde theyr Maiƚƚ ¶ And if yowr hawke reward to any fowle by countenance for to flee ther to ye shaƚƚ say cast the hawke ther to. and not lett fli ther to.

¶ Nomme or Seesid

¶ And if yowre hawke Nomme a fowle. and the fowle breke a way fro hir. she hath discomfet mony federes of the fowle. and is brokyn a way for in kyndeli spech ye shaƚƚ say youre hawke hath Nomme or seesid a fowle and not take it

¶ Werfore an Hawke Is Calde a Rifelere

¶ And oft tyme it happith mony an hawke for egernesse when he shulde Nomme a fowle he seesith bot the federis. and as ofte as he doos so he Riflith. therfore such hawkys been called Rifeleres if they doo ofte so.

How ẏe Shall Naame the Memberes of ẏowre Hawkis in Conuenient Termes

Now ye shaƚƚ vnderstande the naamys off the membries of hawkys: to begynne at hir fete and goo vpwarde as knyghttis been harnesside and armeed. & so we shaƚƚ enarme her

¶ Talons

Fyrst the grete Clees behynde. that strenyth the bake of the hande. ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ hom Talons

¶ Pownces

The Clees with ī the fote ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ of right her Pownces

¶ Longe Sengles

Bott certaynly the Clees that are vppon the medyƚƚ stretcheris ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ the loong Sengles.

¶ Petẏ Sengles

And the vttermest Clees ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ the Pety Sengles

¶ The keẏ or Closer

Vnderstond ye also that the longe Senclees be calde the key of the fote. or the Closer. For what thyng som euer it be y^t yowre hawke strenyth: open that Sengle. and aƚƚ the fote is oppen· for the strength ther of fortyfieth aƚƚ the fote.

¶ Seris of waterẏ or waxẏ Colowre

Knawe ye: that the skynne a bowte yowre hawkys legges & his fete is calde: the Seris of hir legges and hir fete. whether thay be watery hewed or of waxy colowre yolowe.

¶ the Beme Feder. Full Sommẏd and Reclaẏmede

An hawke hath.xij. federis vppon his tayle. and oon principaƚƚ feder of thessame is in the myddis. and in maner aƚƚ that oder bene couertid vnder thessame feder. and that is called the Beme feder of the tayle. And ther gooth blacke barris ouerwarde the tayle. and thos same barris shaƚƚ telle yow whan she is fuƚƚ summed. or fuƚƚ fermyd. For whan she is fuƚƚ barrid she stondith vppon.vij. and then she is perfite rede to be Reclaymede.
¶ Ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde that as longe as an hawke stondeth vnder the nombre of.vij. barris. And she be in hir sore aage: it most be sayde that she is not fuƚƚ summed. for so longe she is bot tender Pennyd whether she be brawncher or Eyes.
¶ And iff she be a mewed hawke. and stonde within.vij. barris. ye shaƚƚ say she is not fuƚƚ fermed. for she is not habuƚƚ to be Reclaymed. be cause she is drawe to soone owt of the mewe for she is not harde pennyde. no more than a soore hawke.

¶ Braẏles or Braẏlfederẏs. Degouted

To knaw forthermor of hawkes. an hawke hath long smale white federis. hangyng vndeer the tayƚƚ: from hir boweƚƚ downe warde. and the same federis ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ the brayles or the brayle federis. And communely euery goshawke and euery tercellis braylis bene bysprenged with blake speckes. like Armyns. and for aƚƚ that thay bene accomptid neuer the better. Bot and a sparehawke be so Ermyned vppon the brayles. or a Musket. oder ye shaƚƚ say she is Degouted to the vttermost brayle. and much it betokynis hardenes.

¶ Brest federẏs. Plumage. Barbe federẏs. Pendaunt federẏs

The federis abowte the formore parteys of an hawke: becalled the brest feederis. & the feederis vnd the wynges are plumage The federis vnder the beke be calde the barbe federis. And the federis that bene at the Ioynte: at the hawkes kne thay stonde hangyng and sharppe at thendes. thos be calde the pendaunte federis.

¶ Flagg or Faggis federẏs

The federis at the wynges next the body be calde the flaggꝭ or the faggꝭ federis.

¶ Beme Federes of the wẏng Sercell

And the long federis of the wynges of an hawke bene calde the beme federis of the wyng. And the federis that sum caƚƚ the pynyon feder. of a noder fowle. of an hawke: it is calde the Serceƚƚ ¶ And ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde iff an hawke be in mewe y^t same serceƚƚ feder shaƚƚ be the last feder that she wiƚƚ cast. and tyƚƚ that be cast. she is neuer mewed. yit it has bene seen: that hawkes haue cast that same first as I haue herde say. bot that other Rewle is gendraƚƚ. and whan she hath cast hir sercellis in mew. then and not erst it is tyme for to fede hir with wasħ meete and to begynne to ensayme hire.

¶ Ensaẏme

Ensayme of an hawke is the grece. and bot if that be take a way with fedyng of wasħ meete and otherwyse as it shaƚƚ be declared here after. she wiƚƚ gedder a paneƚƚ wich may be hir vttermost confusion. and she flye therwith. and take blood. and colde ther vppon.

¶ Couertis or Couert

Ther bene also federis that cloos vppon the sarcellis. and thossame be calde the couertis or the couert federis. and so aƚƚ the federis be calde that bene next ouer the long beme federis. and the fagg federis vppon the wynges.

¶ Backe Federis

¶ The federis vppon the backe halfe be called the backe federis.

¶ Beke Clape Nares Sere

¶ The Beke of the hawke is the vpper parte that is croked.
¶ The neder parte of hir beke is calde the clape of the hawke.
¶ The Hoolis in the hawkes beke bene callede the Nares.
¶ The yolow be twene y^e Beke &̄ y^e yeghen is calde y^e Sere.

¶ Crẏnettis

Ther be oon an hawke long smale blake federis: like heres about the sere &̄ thossame: be calde Crinettis of y^e hawke.

¶ Sore Aage

¶ Ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde that the first yere of an hawke whether she be calde Brawncher or Eyesħ. that first yere is calde hir sore aage. and aƚƚ that yere she is calde a sore hawke. for and she eskape that yere. with good fedyng she is likly to endure longe.

¶ To Reclaẏme an Hawke

Iff ye wiƚƚ Reclaym yowre hawke ye most departe oon mele in.iij. melis. vnto tyme that she wiƚƚ come to Reclayme. and whan she wiƚƚ come to Reclayme encrece her melis euery day better and better. And or she come to the Reclame make her that she sowre not. For thogh she be wele Reclaymed hit may happyn that she wiƚƚ sowre: so hegh in to the Eyre. that ye shaƚƚ Nether se hir nor fynde hir.

¶ And iff yowre hawke shaƚƚ flie to the partrich. looke that ye Ensayme her or she flie. whether she be Brawncher or Eyes Or mewed hawke.

¶ whẏ an Hawke Is Called an Eẏes

An hawke is calde an Eyes of hir Eyghen. for an hauke that is broght vp vnder a Bussard or a Puttocke: as mony be: hath wateri Eyghen. For whan they be disclosed and kepit in ferme tyƚƚ thay be fuƚƚ summyd. ye shaƚƚ knawe theym by theyr wateri Eyghen. And also hir looke wiƚƚ not be so quycke as a Brawncheris is. and so be cause the best knawlege is by the Eygh. they be calde Eyeses.

¶ Ye may also knawe an Eyes. bi the palenese of the seres of her legges of the sere ouer the beke. And also by the tayntys that be vppon her tayƚƚ and her wengys wiche tayntys com for lacke of fedyng. when thay be Eyes.

¶ What a taẏnt Is

A Taynt is a thyng that gooth ouerwarte the federis of the wynges. and of the tayƚƚ lyke as and it were eetyn with wormys and it begynyth first to brede at the body. in the penne and that same penne shaƚƚ frete asonder. and falle a way thurrow thessame taynte and then is the hawke disparagid for aƚƚ that yere.

¶ Medecẏnẏs to Ensaẏme ẏowre Hawke

Take the Rote of Rasue and do it in clene water. and lay thy flesħ ther in. to temper a grete whyle. and yeue it to yowre hawke to eete. and if she eete therof. drede not bot hit shaƚƚ benymme hir grece. bot within.iij. days she shaƚƚ not grettely abate.

¶ Also take puliaƚƚ and garlek and stampe it wele to geder. and wrynge owte the Iuce in a dysħ. and then weete the flesħ ther in. and fede yowre hawke therwyth. and bot it tempur yowre hawke. that is to say ensayme yowre hawke. with in.iiij. days. I merueƚƚ Bot looke eueri day that ye make new Iuce and whan ye fede hir. weete yowre meete ther in.

¶ Also take the Iuce of percelly Moris otherwise calde percelly Rootis. and thossame of Isop. and wasħ yowre flesħ ther in and yowre hawke shaƚƚ be Ensaymed kyndly. and no grete abate to the hawke.

¶ Som vse to lay thare flesħ in water almost a day. and yeue thessame to the hawke at soper. and that at lyth aƚƚ nyght. to geue to hir in the mornyng. and thus to fede hem in mew or thay be drawen a bowte a monyth or.vi. weekys. and to ensayme theym or thay com on fist. as sone as thay cast theyr cerceƚƚ. then is the tyme to begynne to fede hem soo.

¶ How ẏowre Hawke ensaẏmẏthe

Understonde ye for certayn: that as longe as yowre hawkes fete be blakysħ and rough: she is fuƚƚ of grece. and euer as she ensaymyth. hir fete wiƚƚ wax yolow and smothe

How ẏe Shall gẏde ẏow Whan ẏowre Hawke Is redẏ to Flie. Also ẏe Shall saẏ Put Vp a Partriche

Whan ye haue ensaymed yowre hawke: and Reclaymyd hir. and that she is redi to flie to the partrich. ye most take a partrich in yowre bagge. and goo in to the felde. and let yowre spanyellis fynde a Couy of partrichys. and when thay be put vpp. and begynne to scatre. ye most haue markeris to marke som of thaym. and then cowple vp yowre houndys. wan ye haue so doon. let sum felow of yowris preueli take the partrich owte of yowre bagge. and ty it by the legge: with a creaunce. and cast it vp as high as he can. and as soon as the hawke seith hir she wiƚƚ flie ther to. and if yowre hawke sees the partirich a boone. yeue hir a rewarde: theruppon. and go after y^t by laysoure to the partrich that be marked and doo as I shaƚƚ teƚƚ yow here folowyng.

¶ Iff ye haue a chastised hounde: that wiƚƚ be rebuket: and is a Retriuer. vncouple him and no moo of yowre houndis. and goo to a sengler partrich: of the couy so sparplid. and be as nygh as ye can to the Risyng therof and if yowre hawke desire cast hir to it. and if she take it then is yowre hawke made for that yere. and of thessame partrich that she sleth. thus ye moost rewarde hir as it shewith here next folowyng.

¶ How ẏe Shall Rewarde ẏowre Hawke

Take a knyfe and cutt the hede and the necke from the body of the partrich. and stripe the skynne a way from the necke. and yeue that same to the hawke. and couer the body of the fowle with a bonett or an hatt. and lay thessayd hede and the necke theruppon. and if she wiƚƚ forsake the fowle that she plumyth on. and com to the rewarde. then preuyli take a way the partrich. and rewarde yowre hawke with the Brayne. and the necke. Beware that she eete no bonys. for that is eueƚƚ to endewe. and it wiƚƚ make hir vnlusty: for to flye. And thus ye most serue hir of as many as she sleth. bot let hir rewarde be the lasse. for ellis she may be sone fuƚƚ goorged. and then she may flye no more a grete while.

¶ How ẏowre Hawke Shall Reioẏse

And whan yowre hawke hath sloyne a fowle. and is rewarded as I haue sayde. let hir not flie in no whise tyƚƚ y^t she haue Reioysed hir. that is to say. tyll she haue sewed. or snyded her beke. or ellys rowsed her. and whan she hath done any of theys. or aƚƚ. go and retriue moo and she wiƚƚ nym plente.

Whan ẏowre Hawke Hath Nomme a Fowle How ẏe Shall Do That ẏe Rebuke Not the Hawke

Lerne wele oon thyng. and beware therof. whan yowre hauke hathe nomme a partrich. stonde a goode way of. and come not to nygh her. and dryue a way yowre houndys for rebukyng of hir. for many hawkys loue noon howndys. and also many howndys wiƚƚ benymme theym theyre gamme from ther fote. and that is parlous. and whiles yowre hawke plumith cumme softely towarde hir. alway nere and nere. and if she leue plumyng. and loke vppon yow. stonde styƚƚ and cherke hir. and whistyƚƚ hir. tyƚƚ she plume ayen. and thus serue hir tyƚƚ ye be right nere hir. Than softe and layserly: faƚƚ oppon yowre kneys. and preuely while she plumyth sett yowre honde and be sure of the gesse. and than ye may gyde aƚƚ thyng as ye wyƚƚ. and if ye doo the contrary: she wiƚƚ for feere cary hir game or let it go quyke. and that is bot losse to yow and yowre hawke also.

A medecẏne for to Make an Hawke to Cast That Is a comberẏd With castẏng With in Her bodẏ

Take the Iuce of Salandyne. and wete a morceƚƚ of flesħ therin. the mowntenaunce of a Note. and yeue that morceƚƚ to the hawke. and that shaƚƚ make hir for to cast hir olde casttyng. and the hawke shaƚƚ be safe.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Will Soure

Wassħ the flesħ that yowre hawke shaƚƚ be fedde with: in y^e Iuce of feneƚƚ. and that shaƚƚ take away that pride from hir and make hir to leue hir sowryng whether she be lene or fatte. And mony tymes an hawke wiƚƚ sowre whan she lackyth bathyng.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Is Lowse

Take quycke siluer and put it in a bassien of brasse. and do ther to saladyne: and askys. and medyƚƚ it wele to geder. tyƚƚ aƚƚ the quycke siluer be dede. and medyƚƚ therto fat of bonnys. and anoynte the hawke ther with. and hang it aboute hir necke tyƚƚ it faƚƚ a way. and that shaƚƚ slee the lies.

¶ Also powdre of orpement blowen vppon an hawke: with a penne shaƚƚ slee the lies.

¶ Also take a dagon or pece of Rough blanket vnshoron and holde it to the fire. vnto tyme it be thorough owte warme and wrappe the hawke therin. and than holde hir softely and stylly. for hurtyng in yowre hondys. and the vermyn wiƚƚ crepe in to the cloth.

¶ Also holde hir in the sonne in a fayre day. & ye shaƚƚ se the vermyn crepe owte vppon her federis. then take a knyfe and wete the oon side of the blade therof w^t yowre mowth. &̄ alway as thay appere lay the wete side of the knyfe to theym. and they wiƚƚ cleue ther to. and then ye may slee thaym.

¶ The opẏnẏon of Ostregiers

After the opynyon of many Ostregiers: and ye fede yowre hawke contynually with Porke with Iayes. with Pyes. Or especially bere hir moch in Rayeny weder. thay shaƚƚ be lowse.

¶ Ostregeris. Speruiteris. Faukeneris

Now be cause I speke of Ostregeris: ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde that thay be calde Ostregeris that kepe Goshawkys. or Tercellis. and tho that kepe Sperhawkys and muskettys ben called Speruiteris. and keperis of aƚƚ other hawkys ben callidde Faukeneris.

¶ The Length of the Gesse. Lewnes. Tẏrettis. And How theẏ Be Fastined. & Bewettis

Hawkys haue aboute ther legges Gesse made of leder most commynly. some of silke. wich shulde be no lenger bot that the knottis of theym shulde. appere in myddys of the lefte honde: betwene the longe fyngre and the leche fyngre. be cause the lewnes shulde be fastened to theym. with a payre of tyrettis. wich tyrettis shuld rest vppon the lewnes. and not vppon the gesses. for hyngyng and fastynyng vppon trees when she flyeth. and the saame lewnes. yow shaƚƚ fastyn than abowte yowre lyttyƚƚ fyngre slackely. in compaysyng the saame in.iiij. or.v. folde. as a bowstryng vnocupyede and the terettys serue to kepe hir from wyndyng whan she bathes ¶ Also thessame letheris that be putt in hir bellis: to be fastyned a boute hir leggys ye shaƚƚ calle Bewettis.

¶ Creaunce

Also ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ the long lyne that ye do caƚƚ youre hawke to Reclaym with: yowre Creaunce. what so euer it be.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Will Cast Flesh

Putt the flesħ that yowre hawke shaƚƚ eete: in fayre water. and fede her therwith.iij. days. and she shaƚƚ holde hir flesħ at the best.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Has Lost Here Corrage

An hawke that hath loost her corrage: aman may knawe if he wiƚƚ take good hede. For siche is hir maner. whan she is cast to a fowle. she fleith a waywarde as thogh she knewe nott the fowle. Or ellis she wiƚƚ flie a littyƚƚ way after. and a noon she yeueth it vpp. and for suche an hawke thys is a goode medecyn.

¶ Take Oyle of spayne and tempere it with clere wyne. and with the yolke of an egge and put therin befe. and therof yeue to yowre hawke.v. morcellis. and then set hir in the sonne. and at euen fede hir with an olde hote coluer. and if ye fede hir thꝰ iij tymys that hawke was neuer so lusty nor so Ioly before. as she wiƚƚ be after and come to hir owne corege.

¶ Othir make poudre of mecles that stynkith. and putt the poudre on the flesħ of a pecoke and mediƚƚ the blode of the pecoke among the poudre. and make hir to eete the flesħ.

A medecẏne That an Hawke Shall Not Lie ī Mew for vnlustẏnese

Take ferne Rotis that growith on an Oke. and oke appillis and make Iuce of theym. and wete hir flesħ therin. &̄ feede the hawke.ij. timys or.iij. and that shaƚƚ make hir to leue that

¶ A Medicine for an Hawke That Hath the teẏne

An hawke that hath the teyne a man may sone knaw if he take hede. for this is hir maner She wiƚƚ pante more for oon batyng then an other for.iiij. & if she shulde flie a littyƚƚ wile she shuld almost lese her breth. whether she be fatte or lene. and alway she makyth heuy chere. and for that this is the medycyne.

Take a quantyte of the Redenesse of haseƚƚ with the poudre of Rasne and peper and somwhat of gynger. and make thereof in fresħ grece iij. pellettys and holde the howke to the fire and when she felith the hete make hir to swalowe the.iij pellettys by strength. and knytte fast her beke that she cast it not owte and do so thries. and she shaƚƚ be safe.

¶ Also take Rasne and Rubarbe. and grynde it to gedre. and make Iuce therof and wete the flesħ therin. and yeue it hir to eete. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ Also take alisawndre and the Roote of prima rose and the Roote of gro gnauteles and seeth aƚƚ in the bottre of a kow and yeue hir.iij morcellis euery day vnto the tyme that she be hoole. and looke that she be voide when ye yeue hir the medecyne.

How a Man Shall Take an Hawke Fro the Eẏrer

Who so takys an hawke from the Eyerer: hym behoueth to doo wisely. in bryngyng hym easeli. and to kepe him wele from colde. and from hurtyng of theyr bonys. for thay be fuƚƚ tendre. and thay most haue grete rest. and thay may not haue stynkyng & filthy Eyre bot as clene as can &̄ may be thoght. and euermore yeue him clene meete. and hote. &̄ a littyƚƚ & oftyn. & change oftyn ther meete bot loke it be hot and cutt her meete in to smale morcellis. for thay shulde nott tyre on bonys tyƚƚ they myght flie. Then after when she begynnyth to penne. and plumyth. and spalchith and pikith her selfe. Putt hir in a cloose warme place. that no fulmertis nor fecheus. ne other vermyn com nott in to hir. and let the place be secure from wynde and rayne. and then she wiƚƚ preue hir selfe and euer more yeue hir good hote meetys. For it is better to a man to fede his hawke while she is tendre with hoote meetis. to make hir good with somme cost. then to fede hir with eueƚƚ meetis to make hir vnthrefti with lytyƚƚ cost. ¶ And looke whan she begynnyth to ferme then yeue hir bathyng.

A medecẏne for wormẏs in an Hawke Wiche Sekenesse Is Called the Fẏlaundris

Merke wele this sekenese and beware therof. This is the medecyne therfore. ye shaƚƚ take an herbe that is called Neppe and putt it in a smaƚƚ gut of a Capon or of an henne. and knyt it with a threde. and let hir Resaue it hooƚƚ. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ and saafe ¶ Thus ye shaƚƚ knawe whan yowre hawke hath wormys in hir bowke. Looke whan she hath castyng and ye shaƚƚ fynde oon or.ij. a bowte hir castyng place iff she haue ony.

¶ A medecẏne Foor an Hawke That castẏs wormẏs at the foundemēt What Wormis That Thei Be

Take the lymayƚƚ of Iren: &̄ medyƚƚ it w^t flesħ of porke &̄ yeue it to y^e hauke.ij. days for to heete. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ

A medecẏne for an Hawke That Hath a Sekenesse the Wich Is Called the aggresteẏne

Whan ye se yowre hawke hurte his fete with his Beke. and pullyth her tayƚƚ. then she hath the aggresteyne. For this sekennese take Merde of a dove. and of a shepe. and of an allow. and stronge vynegre. and do aƚƚ softely in a bassyn of brasse. &̄ Medyƚƚ hem wele to geder: to serue.iij. days after. and yeue hir flesħ of a coluer with ony and with powder of peper. and set hir in a derke place. and doo so.iv. days. and when ye see New federis in the tayƚƚ. wasħ hir with euerose. and she shaƚƚ be hoole and saafe.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Hath the Croampe in Hir wẏnges and How It cummẏth

For this Croampe take a whyte looff of brede sumwat colder then it commyth owt of the oouen. and let holde the hawke sooftely for hurtyng. and kut the loofe almoost thorow owte. and display the wynge esely. and holde it betwene the.ij. partes of the loofe. and let it be hoolde so. the space of alfe a quarter of an howre. and she shaƚƚ be hoole.

¶ The Croampe commyth to an hawke with takyng of coolde in hir yowthe. Therfore it is goode for an hawke to kepe hir warme: yonge and hoold. and this medycyne is good at aƚƚ tymes for hir whether she be yonge or holde.

Let not an hawke be put in mew to late bot in this maner as it folowth. if ẏe loue ẏoure hawke

Iff ye loue wele yowre hawke. kepe her wele. and put hir nott late in mewe. for who so for couetesnese of flieng leses the tyme of his hawke mewyng. and withholdis her to long therfro he may after putt hir ī mewe at auenture. for then a parte of hir mewying tyme is past. ¶ Who so puttyth his hawke in mewe in the begynning of Lentyn. if she be kepit as she awth to be she shaƚƚ be mewed. in the begynnyng of Auguste.

¶ How ẏe Shall Dispose and ordaẏn ẏowre Mewe

Sett and dispose yowre mewe. in this maner so. that no weseƚƚ ner pulcatt ner non other vermyn entre ther to Ner none wynde. ner no grate colde Ner that it be ouer hote. Let that on parte of the mewe be turned to warde the sonne. so that in the moost parte of the day: the sonne may come Inne.
¶ Also ye most se that she be not auexed ner greued withe mych noyse. ner with song of men. and that no manner folkes come to hir. bot oonly he that fedyth hir.
¶ It behouyth that yowre hawke haue a fedyng stokke in hir mewe. and a longe stryng tyed therto: to fastyn hir mete with for ellis she wiƚƚ cary it a bowte the hous. and soyle it with dust And perauenture she wiƚƚ hyde it tiƚƚ it stynke. and then fede vppon it. and that myght be hir deth. and therfor when it is bondyn to the sayd fedyng stocke. she shaƚƚ nether at the fedyng ner at the tyryng ne at the lightyng ne at the Rysyng hurtte hir selfe. And whan she hath fedde. take a way the remenaunt if any leeue. and in anywyse that she haue clene mete. and att euery meeƚƚ fresħ. for of stale metis and eueƚƚ metis she shal engender mony sekeneses. ¶ And loke ye go neuer to yowre mew hot when ye shaƚƚ yeue yowre hawke meete. or ellis to bryng water to bathe her. and suffyr no Rayn to weete hir at no tyme. and ye may. and as for hir bathyng that shaƚƚ no thīg hynder hir mewyng.

¶ The Maner How a Man Shall Put an Hawke in to Mewe. And That Is to Be Wele Nooted

Off oon thyng ye most be ware weeƚƚ yff she haue any sekenes that ye make her hole or ye put hir in mewe. for as I vnterstonde a seke hawke shaƚƚ neuer mew weƚƚ. for though she mewe she shaƚƚ not endure bot while she is grete and fatte. for at the abatyng of hir astate she may no lenger endure.

¶ Some tyme with owt any medicyne many men deuysyn hou thay myght mew ther hawkys for sum put hawkys in mew at high estate. and sum when thay be right low. and sum whan thay be fuƚƚ. and sum when they be Empty and lene. and sume when thay be myserabuƚƚ lene. Bot therof it is no force. iff she be hole Neuertheles. I shaƚƚ say myn aduyce as I haue sene &̄ lerned.

Who so puttith a Goshawke or a Terceƚƚ or a spere hawke in to mew so high that she may be no higher. she wiƚƚ holde hir longe in the poynt: or that she lese or lent any federis. And who so puttith hir in mew lene. it will be long or she be remounted and who so puttith hir in mew to hungry and to lene: if she haue meete at hir wiƚƚ she wiƚƚ eete to moch. be cause of hungre. and ꝑauenture she may be dede ther by. as hath ofte be sene

Bot who so wiƚƚ that an hawke endure and mew kyndli. myn counceƚƚ it is that she be not to high noder to low. noder in grete destresse of hungre. bot like as she wolde flee best then take hede the first day of to moch eetyng. vnto tyme that she be stawnchid and after that a man may take her sich mete as I shaƚƚ teƚƚ more playnli here after

In What Maner and How a Man Shall Fede His Hawke in Mewe

Loke with wat meetis she hath bene most vsed to be fedde and fede hir therwith.viij. days contynualli. and tho.viij. days yeue hir birdis Inow. both morow and euyn. and let hir plomme vppon hem wele. and take castyng of the plomage. and that shaƚƚ talawnt hir wele. and cause her to haue goode appetide and it shaƚƚ clense wele hir bowillis and whan she is weeƚƚ clensed. ye may yeue hir what meete that ye wiƚƚ so it be clene and fresħ

¶ Bot the beste mete to make an hawke to mewe moost sone wyth owte any medecyne is the fleshe of a kydde and of a yong Swanne and of a chikyn and especiaƚƚ Ratonys flesħ so thei be not assaughte Noon like to hit and of a yong goos for sich meete is hote of it selfe.

¶ And take gobittis of grete fresħ Elis. and specialli the colpon next the Naueƚƚ. and weete it in hote blode of moton it is goode to make her to mewe. bot specialli it shaƚƚ make her wight after hir soore aage

¶ Thees sayd fleshes bene goode to mewe an hawke: and to kepe hir in state bot loke she haue goode plente euery day. so that she Rather leue parte then lacke any. and euery.ijj. day let hir bath if she lyst

¶ And when she waxith nygh ferme yeue hir hennys and fatt porke and of an hounde is passing good.

¶ An hawke is neuer fuƚƚ ferme nor redy forto drawe owte of mew vnto tyme hir serceƚƚ be fuƚƚ groyn. yet haue I sene sū folkys take hem owte of mewe when the sarceƚƚ were bot halfe ispronge. and that is parlous. for they are not then harde penned.

¶ Som folkys vsen when an hawke has cast hir sarceƚƚ to begynne and wasħ hir meete. and fede hir so in mew with wasħ meete a monyth or.vi. weekys or euer thay drawe thaym.

¶ Bot of aƚƚ fleshes after she is mewed. a resenable goorge of an hoote haare is beest. and also of a crowe hoote. bot it moste be wasħ in water: and then it is the better. For that wiƚƚ not benymmen hem hastely theyr grece. ner put hem in no grete febulnes. for it durith sumwat with hir.

¶ To Make an Hawke to Mew tẏmeli With Owt anẏ hurtẏng of Hir

Now I shaƚƚ teƚƚ yow verray true medecynes for to mewe an hawke hastyly that ye shaƚƚ beleue for trowthe and ye wiƚƚ as-say theym.

¶ Ther be in woddys or in hedgis wormys calde edders that ben Redde of nature. and he is calde veꝑa. and also ther be snakys of thessame kynde. and they be verri bitter. Take.ij. or.iij of theym and smyte of ther hedes and thendys of theyr taylis. Then take a new erthen pot: that was neuer vsed. and cut hem ī to smaƚƚ gobettys. and put thossame therin. and let hem sethe stronglich. a grete while. at good layser. and let the pot be couered. that no ayre com owte of it ner no breth and let it sethe so long that the saame colpons seth to grece. then cast it out and doo a way the bonis. and geder the grece. and put it in a clene vessiƚƚ. and as oft as ye fede yowre hawke: anoȳt her meete therin. and let hir ete as moch as she wiƚƚ. and that meete shal mewe her at yowre awne wiƚƚ.

¶ A Nother medecẏne

Take whete: and put it in the brothe that thedderis were sothen in. and when ye se the whete begynnyth to cleue: take it owt and fede hennys or chykynnes therwith. and fede yowre hawke with thessame polayn.

Who So Will That an Hawke Mewe Not nor Fall Noon of Hir Federis. Therfore Here Is a medecẏne

Take powder of Caneƚƚ. and the Iuce of franke cost and the Iuce of paranye. and take morcellis of flesħ.iij. or.iiij. if ye lust and weete them therin. and make the hawke to swalow hem and serue hir so mony tymys.

¶ Also take the skynne of a snake or of an Edder. and cut it in to smale peces. and temper it with hoote blode: and cause yowre hawke oftyn tyme to fede therof and she shaƚƚ not mewe.

¶ For the Gowte in the Throte

When ye se yowre hawke blaw oftyn tymes: and that it commys of no batyng. ye may be sure she hath the gowte in the throte And for that Take the blode of a pekoc. and Encense myrabolanana. and clawis of gelofre. and caneƚƚ and gynger. and take of aƚƚ thes euynlich and medyƚƚ hem with pecokkys blode and seth it tyƚƚ it be thycke. and therof make morcellis. and yeue the hawke therof eueri day. at mydmorne and att Noone.

For the Gowte in the Hede and ī the Raẏnes

When ye se yowre hawke may not endew her meete nor remoūte her astate. she hath the gowte in the hede and in the Raynes.

¶ Take Momyan̄ oderwise called momyn̄. among Poticaries ye may haue it. and the skynne of an haare and yeue it to yowre hawke to eete.ix. tymes with the flesħ of a catt. and iff she may holde that meette she shaƚƚ be saafe.

¶ A medecẏne for a Sekenes Called the Fallera

When ye se that yowre hawkes clees wax white: then she has the fallera. For this sekenes take a blacke snake. and cutte a way the hede. and the tayƚƚ. and take the myddyƚƚ. and fry it in an erthyn pote. and take the grece and saue it. and anoynt the flesħ of a pecoke therwith and yeue it to the hawke for to eete viij. days: and ye haue no pecoke yeue hir flesħ of a colu̇ and after the.viij. days yeue hir a chekyn. and wasħ it a littil and yeue it hir to eete. and take the tenderist of the brest withe the ffresheƚƚ bone and let hir eete it. and if she amende anythyng she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

A medecẏne for the Crampe in the Thigh in the Legge and in the Fote of an Hawke

When ye se youre hauke lay hir oon fote vppō her oder fote. she is take with the crampe. Then drawe hir blode vppon the fote y^t lies vppon that other fote. and vppon the legge also. and she shaƚƚ be hoole.

¶ For the Cogh or the Poose

Take powdre of Bays: and put it vppon the flesħ of a Coluer. and yeue it ofte to yowre hawke and with owte dowte she shaƚƚ be hoole.

¶ A medecẏne for the Podagre

When yowre hawkes fete be swollyn she hath the podagre then Take fresħ may butter and as moch of Oyƚƚ of olyf and of alyn. and chaufe it wele to gedre at the fiere and make therof of anoyntement. and anoynt the fete.iiij. days. and set hir in the sonne. and yeue hir flesħ of a cat. and if that auayƚƚ nott Seth the cuttyng of a vyne. and wrappe it a bowte the swellyng. and let hir sit vppon a colde stone and anoynt hir with butter or freshe grece. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

A medecẏne for a sekenes within the bodẏ of an hauke and it shewith not outewarde how she shall be holpen and in what maner.

A man maẏ knaw by the chere. and vngladnes of an hawke this infirmyte bot yit it is straunge to knawe: thyngys that a man may not se: in what sekenes and what maner thay be greuyde and specialli whan a man whote not wherof it commyth ¶ Fede yowre hawke wele vppon an henne and then make her to fast.ij. days after: to avoide weele hir bowellis. The thryd day take hony soden̄ and fyƚƚ hir body fuƚƚ. and bynde hir beke that she cast it not owt of hir body and then set hir owtt in the sonne. and when it drawith towarde euen fede hir with an hoote fowle. for as I herde my maystris say and she be nott hooƚƚ herof. loke neuer oder medecyne.

For the Passion That Goshawkis Haue fastẏng

¶ Take the Rote of smaƚƚ Rysshes. and make Iuce of hem and weete yowre flesħ therin and make her to eete it.

¶ For Hawkis That Ben Wonded

Take a way the federis abowt the wonde and take the white of an Egge and Oyle of Olyue. and mediƚƚ it to geder. and anoynt the wonde and kepe it with white wyne. vnto tyme ye se dede flesħ. and then put in the wonde Escompe saƚƚ vnto tyme the dede flesħ be wastyde. after take encence: and clene as myche of that oon as of that oder. mediƚƚ it infere. and whan ye wiƚƚ anoynt the soore heete yowre oyntement and anoynt it with a pen: tyƚƚ the tyme the skynne grow ayenne. and if ye se dede flesħ theron: and woƚƚ haue it a way Take venecreke & then anoynt itt with this Oyntement afforsayde and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ

¶ A Medecine for an Hauke That Has the Artetik

When ye se yowre hawke fat abowte the hert trust it for trouth she hath the artetike. Therfore do let hir blode in the Origynal vayne. and after that yeue hir a frogge for to eete. &̄ she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ

A Medecine for an Hauke Combred ī the Bowillis

When yowre hawke is Encombred in the bowillis ye shaƚƚ knaw it by hir Eyghes. for hir Eighen wiƚƚ be derke and she wiƚƚ looke vngladli and hir metessing wiƚƚ defowle hir foundement. Then take the hawkes meete and anoynt it with powdre of canneƚƚ and yeue it hir to eete. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Has the Goute

Fede yowre hawke with an Irchyn onys or twyes. & it shaƚƚ helpe hir:

¶ A medecẏne for an Hawke That Hath Mites

Take the Iuce of wormewode and put it ther thay be and thei shaƚƚ dye.

¶ That an Hauke Vse Hir Craft All the Seson to flẏe or Lefe

When ye go to the felde in the latter ende of hawkyng and desire that yowre hawke shaƚƚ vse hir crafte. Do to hir in this maner let hir sle a fowle. and let hir plym vppon it asmoch as she wiƚƚ. and when she hath plymmed Inough go to hir softely for frayng. and rewarde hir on the fowle. and after that ye may cast hir on a perch. & asweƚƚ she may vse hir craft so. as that she slew aƚƚ the yere.

¶ A medecẏne for an Hauke That Has the Stoon

¶ Anoynt hir fundement with Oyƚƚ. and put the powder of alym with an hole straw.

¶ Also take an herbe callid cristis lardder. & anoynt hir mowthe within and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ Also take smale flambe rotis and polipodi and the cornes of sporge and grinde it weeƚƚ and seeth it in butter. and drawe it thorugh a clooth. and make throf.iij. pellettis of the grettenes of a Not. and put it in his mowth in the morowtide. and loke that she be voide. and then let her fast tiƚƚ euensong. and fede hir littiƚƚ and littiƚƚ. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ A medecẏne for vermẏn

Take the Iuce of the Roote of ffeneƚƚ. and do it where the vermyn be. and thay shaƚƚ dye.

¶ A Medecine for the Reume That Haukis Haue

When ye se yowre hauke cloose her Eyghen. and shakith hir hede. then hath she the Reume in the hede. Therfore yeue hir larde of a gote the first day and the secunde yeue hir epatike with the flesħ of a chycon and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ A medecẏne for Haukis That Bene drẏ and desẏre to drẏnke, to Kepe Hem moẏst in kẏnde

¶ Take the Iuce of haarhounde and weete thyn hawkys mete therin. and fede her therwith onys or twyes. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

For Sekenes That Haukis Haue ī Their Entrellis

An hawke that is seke withi thentrayles: is of an oder aray then in oder sekeneses. for if she holde not her mete bot cast it. that is tokyn of the foule glet. for surfete of federis that be yeuen to hawkis in theyr yowth and afterwarde when thay come vnto trauayƚƚ. and ben anoyde of the Reuer then thay waxen slow to flye and desire forto rest. and when thauke is vppon hir perch then she wiƚƚ slepe forto putouer. at thentrīg and if she holde flesħ any while in hir goorge: it wiƚƚ loke as it wor sooden and when she is waked she assayeth to put ouer at thentryng. and it is agluttide and colded: with the glett y^t she hath engenderid. and if she shulde ascape she most put ouer. or ellis she most dye. or cast it and if she cast it she may be holepe with the medecyne.

¶ A medecẏne for the Entreẏllis

Take yolkys of Egges rawe. and whan they be wele beton to geder. put therto spanyshe salte. and as mych hony therto. & weete therin thy fleshe. and fede thyn hawke.iij. days therwith and if she make daunger to eete it. let holde thyn hawke. and make hir to swalow.iij. or.iiij. morcellis in a day. and securli she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ ¶ Yit I shaƚƚ say to yow a noder thyng. take hony at the choungyng of the moon. and a kene nettyƚƚ and therof make smaƚƚ powdre and when it is weƚƚ grownde. take y^e brest boon of an henne. and a noder of a coluer. and hakke it with a knyfe. and do a way the skynne. and do theron the powdre and aƚƚ hoote with the powdre fede hir. and do so thries. and she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

¶ For Sekenes of Swellẏng

Iff an wicked felon be swollyn in sich a maner y^t a man maȳ heeƚƚ it. that the hawke shaƚƚ not dye thus a man may helpe hir strongly. and lengthe hir lyfe. bot the hawke wiƚƚ be very eegre and glettous of the seekenes. and therfor ye moost Take the Rote of comfory and sugre iliche mych. and sethe it in fresħ grece with the thridde parte of hony. and then draw it thorogh a fayre clooth. and oft yeue it to the hawke and she shaƚƚ amende.

For blaẏnis ī Haukes Mouthes Cald Frounches

Off the frounches it is dredde for hawkes. for it is aṅoyus sekenes. and drawith hir to deth. and with holdeth hir strengthe. for men sayn that it commyth of colde. For colde doth hawkes mych harme. and makyth flewme faƚƚ owte of the brayne &̄ the Eyghen wiƚƚ sweƚƚ and empeyre in her hede. and bot she haue hasteli helpe it wiƚƚ stoppe her nase thrillis. And therfor Take Feneƚƚ Maryaƚƚ and Kersis ilich moch. and sethe it & draw it thorough a cloth. and oderwhiles: wasħ her hede therw^t and put som in the Roofe of her mowth. and she shaƚƚ be saafe

¶ A Medicine for an Hauke That Castis Hir Flesh

Wete hir fleshe in sarfoiƚƚ or ellis seeth Rafne in water and put her fleshe therin: when it boylith.

¶ A medecẏne for the Reume Clepid Agrum

¶ When thou seeth thy hauke vppon his mouth and his chekis blobbed. then she hath thys sekenes calde Agrum. Therfor take a nedeƚƚ of siluer and hete it ī the fire. and brynne the Narellis thourogh owte. then anoynt it with oyle of Olyff.

¶ For to Make an Hawke Grete and Fatte

Take a quantyte of poorke and ony and butter Iliche myche and porgede grece and do a way the skynne. and sethe hem to geder. and anoynt thy flesħ therin. and fede yowre hawke therwith. and she shaƚƚ encrece myghtely. Ellis take the wynges of an Eued. and fede hir and kepe hir from traueƚƚ and do so ofte though the eued be neuer so fatte. and if yowre hawke be not passing fat within a fortenet wondre I thynke.

¶ For Booches That Growe in an Hawkis Iowe

Kutt theys botches with an knyfe. and let owte the mater of theym. and after clense theym clene with a syluer spone or ellis fille the hooƚƚ with a powdre of arnement Ibrent. and vppon that powdre do a littiƚƚ larde: that is resside and so it wiƚƚ a way.

Here Is a Goode medecẏne for an Hawke That Wyll Not Coom to Reclaẏme

¶ Take fresħ butter and put therto sugre and put it in a clene cloth and Reclayme her to that and kepe it in a box in youre. bagge.

A medecẏne for Hawkis That Bene Refreẏned

When ye se yowre hawke Nesyng and Castyng wat thorogh her Nostrellis or hir nares then dowteles she is Refraned. For that sekenes: take ye greynes of shaffelegre and of peper and grynde it weeƚƚ. and temper it with strong vynegre and put in hir Nares and in the Rooff of hir mowth and yeue hir flesħ to eete. and she shaƚƚ be saaff.

A medecẏne for hawkẏs That Haue paẏne in theẏr Croupes

¶ Ye shaƚƚ take fayre Morsum and poudre of gelefre: and meddiƚƚ it to gedre. and yeue it to yowre hawke to eete. and if she holde it past the secunde day after. she shaƚƚ be hoole.

A medecẏne for the Stoone in the Fundement

¶ When yowre hawke may not metese then she hathe thatt sekenes calde the stoon. And for this sekenes: ye shaƚƚ take the hert of a swyne and the grece of a swyne. and cutt it with the flesħ of the hert and she shaƚƚ be holpe.

¶ A medecẏne for the drẏ Frounce

For thys sekenes take the Roote of Pillipody that growth vppon Okys. and seth it a grete while then take it fro the fire and let it stonde and wax lew warme. then wasħ yowre flesħ therin. and feede yowre hawke.iij. tymes. and she shaƚƚ be hoole

¶ A medecẏne for wormẏs Called Anguellis

Take pressure made of a lombe that was borne in vntyme &̄ maake therof.iij. morcellis and put it in a gut of a coluer and fede her therwith and loke the hawke be voide when ye yeue hir thys medecyne.

¶ Also take Iuce of dragonys and put fuƚƚ the gut of a pegion and then cut it and departe it as the hawke may ouerswolow it. and put it in his body. and knytt his beke for castyng

¶ Also yeue hir the ballockys of a Buc as hote as thay ben cut owte. and make powdre of the pyntyƚƚ and cast it vppō the flesħ of a Cat. and fede her therwith & she shaƚƚ be hooƚƚ.

An Hawke Tẏrith. Fedith. Goorgith. Bekith. Rousith. Enduẏth. Mutith. Perchẏth. Ioẏkith. Puttithouer. Proẏnẏth. Plommẏth. She Warbullith. And Mantellith

She tyrith vppon Rumppys. She fedith on aƚƚ maner of flesħ. She goorgïth when she fillith hir goorge with meete. She bekyth when she sewith: that is to say she wypith hir beke. She Rousith when she shakith aƚƚ hir federis and hir body to gedre. She Enduyth when hir meete in hir bowellys faƚƚ to digestion. She mutith when she auoydith hir order. She perchith when she stondyth on any maner bowe or perch. She Ioykith when she slepith. She puttithouer when she Euoidith hir meete owte of hir goorge in to hir bowillis. She proynith when she fetchyth oyle with hir beke ou̇ hir tayle and anoyntith hir fetr & hir federis. She plōmyth when she pullith federis of any fowle or of any other thyng and castys hem from her She warbbelyth when she drawith booth her wyngys ouer the myddys of her boeke. and ther they mete both and softely shakyth them. and let hem faƚƚ ayen. And she mantyllith when she stretchith her oon wyng a long after her lege. and afterwarde that other wyng. and moost comynly she doth that affore or she warbelyth hir.

¶ The namẏs of a Spare Hauke as Ostrigers and Sparuiters Haue determẏned

Ther is a question axyd whether a man shaƚƚ caƚƚ a spare hawke Or a spere hawke Or an aspere hawke. & Ostrigers. and also Sparuiters: sayen she may be callid aƚƚ.iij. Namys. for thees resonys. She may be callid a Spere hawke for of aƚƚ the hawkys that ther be she is moost spere. that is to say moost tendre to kepe. for the leest mysdyetyng and mysentendyng sleth
¶ Also she may be calde an aspare hawke of sharpenesse of hir corage. and of hir lokyng quicly. and also of her fleyng For she is moost asper and sharpe in aƚƚ thyngꝭ that belong vnto hir of any other hawkys
¶ She may be also callid a spare hawke for.ij. Resones. oon is she sparith goshawkys and tercellys both. siche as ben in their soore aage. vnto tyme thay may be Reclaymyd. and made redy to flye. as Goshawkys and tercellys that be not fully mewed: vnto tyme they may be clene ensaymyd and redy to flye. for aƚƚ the whyle thay bene vnabuƚƚ. the spare hawke occupithe thesseson. and sleth the partrich weeƚƚ. that is to say froom saynt Margaritys day vnto it be lammas. and so forth in the yere.
¶ And she wyƚƚ slee weeƚƚ yong fesawntis: yong heth cockys in the begynnyng of the yere. And after Michelmas whan partriches passe her daunger I haue seen them made sum to sle the pie sum to sle the Tele vppon the Reuer: at the Iutte. sume to sle the wodecok and sum for the blacke bride and the thrushe.
¶ The wodecok is comborous to sle: bot if ther be crafte. therfore when ye come to a wode or a quech of bushus. cast yowre sparehawke in to a tre and beete the busħes then and if any wodecok a rise she wiƚƚ be sure therof. ¶ Ye most first make hir to a fowle cast vp owt of the bushes. and yowre hawke most sit on loofte as ye make hir to a partriche. Also as I sayde ye may caƚƚ hir a spare hawke: for an oder cause. for and ther weer a shippe fraght fuƚƚ of hawkis. and no thyng ellis. and ther were a spare hawke among thaym ther shuld no custom be payd because of hir. And so for the most comune name thay be calde spare hawkes for the resones a forsayd.

An Hawke Flieth to the Vew to the Beke. Or to the Toll. Nō Crepe Querre Fer Iuttẏ &ċ

An hawke fleeth to the Ryuer dyuersis ways. and slethe the fowle dyuerli. That is to say she flieth to the vew or to the beke. or to the toƚƚ. & aƚƚ is bot oon. as ye shaƚƚ knawe here after She fleeth also to the quarre: to the crepe. and no mo ways bot thoos.iij. And she Nymmyth the fowle at the fer Iutty or at the Iutty ferre.

Now Shall ẏe Knaw What Theis Termes betokẏn & Moo folowẏng. as Hut. Iuttẏ ferrẏ. Mounte Raundon. Crepe. Ennewed

A Goshawke or a terceƚƚ that shaƚƚ flee to the vew. to the toƚƚ or to the beke. in this maner she is taught ye most fynde a fowle in the Reuer or in a pitte preueli. and theen sett youre hauke a grete space of. vppon a mooƚƚ hiƚƚ or on the grownde. and crepe softeli towarde the fowle: from yowre hawke streght way and when ye come almost ther as the fowle lyeth. looke backewarde towarde the hawke. and with yowre hande or with yowre tabur styke: becke yowre hawke to come to you. and when she is on wyng. and comyth low bi the grounde. and is almost at yow. then smyte youre tabur. and cry huff. huff. huff and make the fowle to spryng. and with that noyse the fowle wil rise and the hawke wyƚƚ nym it.
¶ And now take hede. Iff yowre hawke nym the fowle at the fer side of the Ryuer or of the pitt from yow Then she sleeth the fowle at the fer Iutty and if she slee it vppon that side that ye ben on. as it may hape dyuerse times. Then ye shaƚƚ say she hath sleen the fowle at the Iutty ferry.
¶ Iff yowre hawke nym the fowle a lofte: ye shaƚƚ say she toke it at the mounte or at the souce.
¶ And if the fowle spryng not bot flee a long after the Reu̇ and the hawke nym it then. ye shaƚƚ say she slew it at the Raundon̄.

¶ Creepe

And yowre hawke fleeth at or to the Creepe when ye haue yowre hawke on yowre fyst and crepe softely to the Ryuer or to the pit. and stelith softeli to the brynke therof. and then cry huff. and bi that meane Nym a fowle. Then it is slayn at the Crepe oder at the fer Iutty. or at the Iutty ferry. as a booue is sayde.

¶ And if it happyn as it dooth oftimes the fowle for fere of yowre hawke woƚƚ spryng and faƚƚ ayen in to the Ryuer. or the hawke sees hir. and so lie styƚƚ and dare not arise. ye shaƚƚ say then yowre hawke hath ennewed the fowle in to the Ryuer. ond so shaƚƚ ye say and ther be moo fowles in the Ryuer then thatt yowre hawke nymmyth if thay darenot arise for fere of yowre hawke

¶ A Thefe

Understonde ye that a Goshawke shulde not flie to any fowle of the Ryuer with bellis in no wise. and therfore a Goshawke is calde a theef.

¶ Querre

And yowre hawke fleeth to the querre. when ther be in a stobuƚƚ tyme Sordes of mallardes in the felde and when she espith theym and commyth couerte her selfe. and flie preuyli vnder hedges or law bi the grownde. and nym oon of hem. or thay rise then ye shaƚƚ say that the fowle was slayn at the querre.

Merke This Terme Draw

Som folke mysuse this terme draw. and say that thayr hauke wiƚƚ draw to the Ryuer. And that terme draw is propurli assigned to that hawke that wiƚƚ slee a Roke or a Crow or a Reuyn: vppon a londe sittyng. and then it most be sayd that sich an hawke wiƚƚ draw weeƚƚ to a Rooke.

Nowe ẏe Shall Vnderstonde If a Man Will Make an Hawke to the Querre in This Maner He Most Do

Take a tame Malarde and set hym in a fayr playn. and let hym goo where he wiƚƚ. then take yowre hawke vppon yowre fist. and goo to that playn. and holde vp yowre hande a praty way of from the Malarde. and looke if the hawke can espie it. by hir awyn corage and if she haue fowude the fowle and desire to flee ther to. let hir slee it. and plymme weƚƚ vppon hir. and serue her so.ij. or.iij. tymes and then she is made to the quarre.

I haue knawyn gentylmen that whensoeuer and whersoeuer thay se any tame Dookes. and if theyr hawkys wolde desire to thaym. then thay wolde let flee to theym in coragyng theyr haukys to be weeƚƚ fleyng to the quarre an oder tyme.

A pratẏ craft to take an hawke that is brokẏn owt of mew. and all maner of fowlẏs that sẏt in trees if a man wẏll.

Looke where an hawke perchith for aƚƚ nyght: in any maner place. and softe and layserly clymbe to her with a sconce or a lanterne that hath bot oon light. in yowre hande and let the light be towarde the hawke so that she se not yowre face and ye may take hir by the leggys or oder wise as ye lyst. and in lyke wise aƚƚ other maner fowle.

Of hawkẏs Bellẏs

The bellis that yowre hawke shaƚƚ wheer looke in any wise that thay be not to heuy ouer hir power to weyr. also that noon be heuyer then an other bot like of weyght. Looke also that thay be sonowre and weƚƚ sowndyng and shil and not both of oon sowne: bot that oon be a semytoyn vnder a noder. and that thay be hoole and not brokyn and specialli in the sowndyng place. For and thay be brokyn thay wyƚƚ sowne fuƚƚ dulli.
Off spare hawke bellis ther is chooce and lyttiƚƚ of charge of thaym: for ther beeth plenty.
¶ Bot for Goshawkes somtyme Bellis of Melen were calde the best. and thay be fuƚƚ goode for thay comunely be sownden with siluer and solde ther after. Bot ther be now vsed of Duchelande bellys: of a towne calde durdright. and thay be passing goode. for thay be wele sortid weƚƚ sownded. sonowre of Ryngyng in shilnes and passing weƚƚ lastyng.

¶ Here endyth the proceis of hawkyng. And now foloys the naamys of aƚƚ maner of hawkys &̄ to whom they belong.

¶ Theẏs Haukes Belong to an Emproure

Theys be the names of aƚƚ maner of hawkes. First an Egle. a Bawtere. a Melowne. The symplest of theis.iij wiƚƚ slee an Hynde calfe. a Fawn̄. a Roo a Kydde. an Elke. a Crane. a Bustarde a Storke. a Swan̄. a Fox in the playn grownde. And theis be not enlured. ne reclaymed. by cause that thay be so ponderowse to the perch portatiff. And theis.iij. by ther nature belong to an Emprowre.

¶ Theis Hawkes Belong to a kẏng

Ther is a Gerfawken. a Terceƚƚ of a gerfauken. And theys belong to a kyng.

¶ For a prẏnce

Ther is a Fawken gentiƚƚ. and a Terceƚƚ gentiƚƚ. and theys be for a prynce.

For a Duke

¶ Ther is a Fawken of the rock. And that is for a duke

For an Erle

¶ Ther is a Fawken peregryne And that is for an Erle

¶ for a Baron

Also ther is a Bastarde and that hauke is for a Baron

Hawkes for a knẏght

¶ Ther is a Sacre and a Sacret. And theis be for a Knyght.

Hawkis for a Squẏer

¶ Ther is a Lanare and a Lanreƚƚ. And theys belong to a Squyer.

For a ladẏ

¶ Ther is a Merlyon. And that hawke is for a lady

An Hawke for a ẏong Man

¶ Ther is an Hoby. And that hauke is for a yong man And theys be hawkes of the towre: and ben both Ilurid to be calde and reclaymed

¶ And ẏit Ther Be Moo kẏndis of Hawkes

¶ Ther is a Goshawke. and that hauke is for a yeman
¶ Ther is a Terceƚƚ. And that is for a powere man.
¶ Ther is a Spare hawke. and he is an hawke for a prest
¶ Ther is a Muskyte. And he is for an holiwater clerke
And theis be of an oder maner kynde. for thay flie to Querre and to fer Iutty and to Iutty fferry.

¶ Explicit.

Lyke wise as ī the booke of hawkyng aforesayd are writyn and noted the termys of plesure belongyng to gentiƚƚ men hauyng delite therin. In thessame maner thys booke folowyng shewith: to sych gentiƚƚ personys the maner of huntyng for aƚƚ maner of beestys. wether thay be Beestys of venery. or of chace. or Rascaƚƚ. And also it shewith aƚƚ the termys cōuenyent as weƚƚ to the howndys as to the beestys a forsayd. And in certayn ther be many dyuerse of thaym. as it is declared in the booke folowyng.

Bestẏs of venerẏ

Wheresoeuere ye fare by fryth or by feƚƚ
My dere chylde take hede how Tristram dooth you teƚƚ
How many maner beestys of venery ther were
Lystyn to yowre dame and she shaƚƚ yow lere
Fowre maner beestys of venery there are
The first of theym is the.hert. the secunde is the hare
The boore is oon of tho. the wolff and not oon moo

Bestẏs of the Chace

¶ And where that ye cum in playne or in place
I shaƚƚ yow teƚƚ which be beestys of enchace
Oon of theym is the.Bucke. a nother is the Doo
The Fox and the Martron. and the wilde Roo
And ye shaƚƚ my dere chylde other beestys aƚƚ.
Where so ye hem fynde Rascaƚƚ ye shaƚƚ hem caƚƚ
In fryth or in feƚƚ: or in forest I yow teƚƚ.

Note Here the Aage of an Hert

¶ And for to speke of the hert iff ye wiƚƚ it lere
Ye shaƚƚ hym a.Calfe. caƚƚ at the fyrst yere
The secunde yere a.Broket. so shaƚƚ ye hym caƚƚ
The therde yere a.Spayad. lerneth thus aƚƚ
The fowrith yere a.Stagge. caƚƚ hym by any way
The fithe yere a.grete Stagge. youre dame bide yow say
The vi. yere caƚƚ ye him an.hert.
Doth so my childe wylis ye been in quart

To Knaw the Hede of an Hert. & That Is dẏuerse

¶ And of the horny that he then berith a bowte
The fyrst hede shaƚƚ be Iugett wyth owte
Ther in fyndyn wee suche dyuersite.
Natheles the.vi. yere euermoore at the leest
Thow shalt weƚƚ Iuge the perche of thessame beest
When he hath Awntelere with owt any lett
Ryaƚƚ and Surriaƚƚ also there Isett
And that in the toppe so when ye may hym keen
Then shaƚƚ ye caƚƚ hym forchyd an hert of tenne
And when he hath in the toppe.iij. of the selue
Then ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ hym trochid an hert of.xij.
And afterwarde in the toppe when ther.iiij. bene
Then shaƚƚ ye caƚƚ hym sommyd an hert of.xvi.
And from.iiij. forwarde watt so befaƚƚ
Be he neuer of so many ye shaƚƚ hym summed caƚƚ
Ryght of the nombre euyn that he is
Callith hym from.iiii. forth summed Iwys
Also haue ye sele an hert heded weele.

An Heerde. A Beve. A Sounder. A Route

¶ My chylde callith herdys of hert and of hynde
And of Bucke and of doo where yo hem fynde
And a Beue of Roos what place thay be in
And a Sounder ye shaƚƚ of the wylde swyne
And a Rowte of wolues where thay passin inne
So shaƚƚ ye hem caƚƚ as many as thay bene

A Littill Herde. A mẏdẏll Heerd A Grete Heerd

¶.xx. is a littyƚƚ herde though it be of hyndis
And.xl. is a mydyle herde to caƚƚ hym be kyndis
And.lxxx. is a grete herde caƚƚ. ye hem so
Be it hert be it hynde bucƚƚe or ellis doo

How ẏe Shall saẏ a Gret Hert & Not a Fair & Oder

¶ A grete hert when ye hym se so shaƚƚ ye hym caƚƚ
Bot neuermore a fayre hert for no thyng that may be faƚƚ
A grete hynde a grete bucke and a fayre doo
My sonnys where ye walke caƚƚ ye hem so
So ye shulde naame sich dere: and do as I yow lere

¶ What Is a beuẏ of Roos Grete or Small

¶ And sex is a beue of Roos on a rawe
And.x. is a mydyƚƚ beuy fuƚƚ wele I it kawe
A grete beuy is.xij. when thay to gedre be
And so caƚƚ hem sonnys woere that ye hem se
The moore nombur than ywis: the gretter the beuy is

What Is a Sounder of swẏne Grete or Small

¶ Twelfe make a Sounder of the wylde swyne
Xvi. a medyƚƚ Sounder what place thay be inne
A grete sounder of swyne.xx. ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ
Forr geet not this lession for thyng that may faƚƚ
Thynke what I say: my sonne nyght and day

Of the Roo huntẏng. brekẏng. and dressẏng

When ye hunt at the Roo then shaƚƚ ye say thoore
He crossies and tresones yowre howndys byfoore
A grete Roobucke ye caƚƚ hym not so
Bot a fayre Roobucke and a fayre doo
With the bowellis and with the bloode
Rewarde ye yowre howndes my sonnys so goode
¶ And eche foote ye shaƚƚ cutte in.iiij. I yow kenne
Take the bowellis and the bloode and do aƚƚ to gedre then
Yeuyth hit than to yowre howndys so
And moche the glaadder then thay wiƚƚ go
That to yowre howndes a rewarde is calt
For hit is eeten on the grownde and on the skynne dalte
¶ The Roo shaƚƚ be herdeled by veneri I weene
The.ij. forther legges the hede layde by twene
And take oon ender legge vp I yow pray
And that oder forder legge right as I yow say
vppon the oder forder legge booth ye hem pytte
And with that other forther legge vp ye hem knytte
Oon thys maner thus when ye haue wroght
Aƚƚ hoole to the kechen then hit shaƚƚ be broght
Saue that yowre howndes eete: the bowillis and the fete.

Now of Thage & vndoẏng of the Boore

¶ Now to speke of the boore the fyrst yere he is
A pygge of the Sounder called ale haue I blis
The secunde yere an hogge and so shaƚƚ he be
And an hoggestere when he is of yeris.iij.
And when he is of.iiij. yere a beore sheƚƚ he be
From the Sounder of the swyne then deꝑtiith he
A Synguler is he so: for a lone he wiƚƚ goo.
¶ when ye haue slayn the boore and wiƚƚ do hym right
Ye shaƚƚ vndo hym vnflayne when he shaƚƚ be dight
Xxx. bredys and.ij. of hym ye shaƚƚ make
By the law of venery as I dare vnder take
Thurgh yowre houndys by stryngth iff that he be dede
Thay shaƚƚ haue the bowyllis boyle with the brede
Cast vppon the grownde ther the boore was slayne
And that is calde a Rewarde so hunteris it sayne
vppon the erth so haue I blis: for that so eeten is

Now of the Hare

¶ Now for to speke of the hare my sonnys secureli
That beest kyng shaƚƚ be calde of aƚƚ venery
For aƚƚ the fayre spekyng and blawyng lerf sere
Commyth of sechyng and fyndyng of the hare
For my leif chylder I take it on honde
He is the meruellest beest that is in ony londe
For he fymaes and crotis and Roungeth euermoore
And beerith talow and gris: and a boue teeth hath be foore
And other while he is male: and so ye shaƚƚ hym fynde
And other while female and kyndelis by kynde
¶ And when he is female and kyndelis hym with in
In.iij. degrees he hem berith or he with hem twyn
Too Rough and.ij. smoth who wiƚƚ hem se
And ij. knottis also that kyndelis wiƚƚ be
When he is female so teƚƚ I my tale.

¶ The Rewarde for howndẏs

¶ When yowre houndis by strenath hath done her to dede
The hunter shaƚƚ rewarde hem then with the hede
With the shulderis and the sides and with the bowellis aƚƚ
And aƚƚ thyngꝭ with in the wombe saue onli the gaƚƚ
The paunche also: yeue hem noon of thoo.
Wich rewarde when oon the erth it is dalt.
With aƚƚ goode hunteris the.halow. it is calt
Then the loynes of the hare loke ye not forgete
Bot bryng hem to the kechyn for the lordis meete
And of this ilke hare speke we no mare.

Wiche Beestes Shall Be flaẏne & Wich Stripte

¶ Now to speke of the bestes when thay be slayne
How many be strypte and how many be flayne
Aƚƚ that bere skyne and talow and Rounge leue me
Shaƚƚ be flayne safe the hare for he shaƚƚ stripte be
And aƚƚ that berith greece: and piles ther vppon
Euer shaƚƚ be strypte when thay be vndoon
On̄ theys maner play: thus ye shaƚƚ say.

Whiche Beestis Shall Be Reride With the lẏmer

¶ My dere sonnys echeon now wiƚƚ I yow lere
How many maner beestys as with the lymere
Shaƚƚ be vpreryde in fryth or in felde
Booth the hert and the bucke and the boore so wilde
And aƚƚ other beestys that huntid shaƚƚ be
Shaƚƚ be sought and founde with Ratchis so fre
Say thus I yow tolde: my childer so bolde

The discreuẏng of a Bucke

¶ And ye speke of the Bucke the fyrst yere he is
A fawne sowkyng on his dam say as I yow wis
The secunde yere a preket. the.iij. yere a sowreƚƚ
A sowre at the.iiij. yere the trowthe I yow teƚƚ
The.v. yere caƚƚ hym a Bucke of the fyrst hede
The.vi. yere caƚƚ hym a Bucke and do as I you rede

Of the hornẏs of a Bucke

¶ The hornys of a grete Bucke or he so be
Most be summyd as I say herkenyth to me
Too braunchis first pawmyd he most haue
And.iiij. avauncers the soth iff ye wiƚƚ saue
And xxiiij. espelers and then ye may hym caƚƚ
Where so ye be a grete Bucke I teƚƚ yow aƚƚ

Of the Roobucke

¶ And iff ye of the Roobucke wiƚƚ knaw thessame
The first yere he is a kyde soukyng on his dame
The secunde yere he is a gerle: and so be siche aƚƚ
The thirde yere an hemule loke ye hym caƚƚ
Robucke of the first hede he is at the iiij. yere
The.v. yere a Roobucke hym caƚƚ I yow lere
At saynt andrew day his hornys he wiƚƚ cast
In moore or in moos he hidyth hem fast
So that no man may hem sone fynde
Ellys in certayn he doos not his kynde
¶ At saynt Iamys day where so he go
Then shaƚƚ the Roobucke gendre with the Roo
And so boldely ther as ye durne
Then is he calde a Roobucke goyng in his turne
And iff ye may a Robucke sle with owt any fayle
And ye fynde that heue grece at his tayle
As sum Robuckys haue when ye hit fynde
Then shaƚƚ ye rere it as ye do of hert and of hynde
Also the Robucke as hit is weele kyde
At holyrode day he gooth to Ryde.
And vsith the bit: when he may gete hit

Now of the Hert and of the Hynde

¶ Sonnys of the hert and the hynde lerne yit ye may
Ther thay draw to the herde at holi roode day
To the stepe then thay goon yche hote day at noon
Which stepe thay vsen my childer I yow say
Tiƚƚ hit be Myddesomere at the last way
The cause of the stepe is to weere hym fro the flee
Who so commyth to that place may se hit with his ighe
An other thyng thay vse my chylde also
The same seson of the yere to soyle to go

Of the criẏng of theẏs beestẏs

¶ An hert belowys and a bucke gronys I fynde
And iche Roobucke certayne bellis by kynde
The noyes of theyes beestys thus ye shaƚƚ caƚƚ
For pride of theyre make thay vsen hit aƚƚ
Say chylde where ye goo: yowre dame taght you so

Merke Well theẏs sesonẏs folowẏng

¶ Tyme of grece begynnyth at mydsomer day
And tyƚƚ holi Roode day lastyth as I you say
¶ The seson of the fox fro the Natiuyte
Tyƚƚ the annunciacion of owre lady fre
¶ Seson of the Robucke at Ester shaƚƚ begynne
And tiƚƚ mychelmas lastith nygh or she blynne
¶ The seson of the Roo begynnyth at Michelmas
And hit shaƚƚ endure and last vntiƚƚ Candilmas
¶ At Michelmas begynnyth huntyng of the hare
And lastith tiƚƚ mydsomer ther nyƚƚ no man hit spare
¶ The seson of the wolfe is in iche cuntre
At the seson of the fox and euermore shaƚƚ be
¶ The seson of the boore is from the Natiuyte
Tiƚƚ the purification of owre lady so fre
For at the Natiuyte of owre lady swete
He may fynde where he goth vnder his feete
Booth in wodys and feldis corne and oder frute
When he after foode makyth any sute
Crabbys and acornys and nottis ther thay grow
Hawys and heeppes and other thyngꝭ ynow
That tiƚƚ the purification lastys as ye se
And makyth the Boore in seson to be
For while that frute may: last his time is neuer past

Of the huntẏng of the Haare

Now to speke of the haare how aƚƚ shaƚƚ be wroght
When she shaƚƚ with houndes be foundyn and soght
The first worde to the houndis that the hunt shaƚƚ owt pit
Is at the keneƚƚ doore when he openys it
That aƚƚ may hym here: he shaƚƚ say arere.
For his howndes wolde cum to hastely
That is the first worde my sonne of venery
And when he hath couplyd his houndes ychoon
And is forth with hem to the felde goon
And when he has of cast his cowples at wiƚƚ
Then shaƚƚ he speke and say his howndes tiƚƚ
Hors de couple auaunt se auaunt twis so
And then So ho so ho. thries and no mo
And then say.Sa sa cy auaunt So how I you pray
And iff ye se yowre howndes haue good wiƚƚ to renne
And draw a waywarde fro yow say as I yow kenne
Here how amy. agayne hem caƚƚ so
Than.Sweff mon amy sweff. to make hem soft go
And iff any fynde of the haare ther he hath bene
And he hight Richer or Bemounde thus to hym bedene
Oyes a Bemounde le vaillant. and I shaƚƚ you avowe
Q^e quida tron̄ la cowarde on la court cowe
That Bemonde the worthe with owt any fayle
That wenyth to fynde the coward with the short tayle

¶ And iff ye se where the haare at pasture hath bene
Iff hit be in the tyme of the corne grene
And iff yowre houndes chace weeƚƚ at yowre wiƚƚ
Then.iij. motis shaƚƚ ye blaw booth lowde and shiƚƚ
There oon and there an other there be pasturyde has
Then say.illoques illoques in thessame place
So say to hem in kynde: vnto tyme that ye hir fynde
¶ And then cast a signe aƚƚ the feld abowte
To se at hir pasture where she hath be in or owte
Oder at hir forme for gladli to be she is not lefe
Ther she hath pasturid in tyme of Relefe
And any hounde fynd or musyng of hir mace
Ther as she hath byne and is goon owt of that place
Ha sy touz cy est yll. so shaƚƚ ye say
venez auez so how sa. also lowde as ye may
Sa cy ad este so how. after that
Sa sa cy auaunt. and therof be not lat
And when ye se vnto the playne her at the last
In felde or in errabuƚƚ londe: or in to the wode past
And yowre hounde wiƚƚ fynde of her ther then
Say.la douce amy la est a. and do as I yow ken
That is to say swete frende: ther is he come low
For to dry here. and ther with ye shaƚƚ say so how
Illoques ey douce ey vaylaunt so how so how. then twy
Thus may yē now dere sonnys lerne of venery
And when ye come ther as ye trow he wiƚƚ dweƚƚ
And so semeth to yow weƚƚ then say as I yow teƚƚ
La douce la est a venuz. for to dweƚƚ thoore
And therwith.iij. sohow. say ye no moore
And iff it semes woƚƚ yow to fynde aƚƚ in fere
And wenen so to do then say.douce how here how here
How here douce how here how here he sittys
So shaƚƚ ye say my chyldre and for no thyng lettyz
Aƚƚ maner bestys that euer chasede wore
Haue oon maner of worde.so how. and no more
To fulfiƚƚ or vnfiƚƚ eche maner of chaas
The hunt euermoore in his mowth that worde he haas
And iff yowre houndys at a chase renne ther ye hunt
And the beest begynne to renne as herttis be wont
Or for to hanylon as doos the fox with his gyle
Or for to crosse as the Roo dooth oder while
Oder dweƚƚ so that yowre honndys cannot owte go
Then shaƚƚ ye say. hoo sa amy sa sa
A complex sa arere so how. sich is the play
And sohow as moch is as sa how to say
Bot for.sohow is short in speche when it is brought
Therfore say we.sohow bot sa how say we noght
And iff yowre houndis chase at hert or at haare
And thay renne at defaute thus ye shaƚƚ say thare
Icy sohow assayne assayne ston hoho
Sa assayne arere sohow theis wordes and no moo
And iff yowre houndes renne weeƚƚ at fox or at doo
And so fayle at defaute say thus ferther or ye goo
Ho ho ore swef aluy douce a luy. that thay here
Ho hoy assayne assayne sa arere
So how so how venez a coupler. and do as I yow kenne
The moore worshyp may ye haue among aƚƚ menne
Yowre craftis let be kydde: and do as I yow bydde
Aƚƚ my sonnys in same: and thus may ye konne of game

The Boost That the maẏster Hunter makẏthe to His Man Now Here foloẏng ẏe maẏ Here

The mayster to his man makyth his Roys
That he knowith be kynde what the hert doys
Att huntyng euermoore when he goys
Quod the man to his maister that were good loore
For to knaw what he doos the houndes befoore
What dooth he mayster quod the man
He dooth quod he eeuyn as thow mayst se
Brekyth. and so dooth no beest bot he
When brekyth he quod the man what is that to say
With his feete he opynys the erth ther he gooth a way
What is the cause quod the man maister I the pray
That the hert be foore the houndes when thay hym hunt ay
That then to the Ryuer he wellis for to goon
Quod the maister to the man ther ar causes toon

For.ii. Cawses the Hert Desirith to the Rẏuer. & Note Wele Theis termẏs foloẏng Descende & Oder

¶ Oon cause for the Ryuer descende he is ay
And so is he to the water when he takith the way
Why callist thow hym.descende. mayster I the pray
For he payris of is myght the sooth I the say
A nother is to the water whi he gooth other whyle
The howndes that hym sewen to founde to begyle
¶ Yit of this hert quod his man maister wolde I ken
In to the water when he leppys what he makes then
He proferith quod the mayster and so ye shaƚƚ say
For he wot not hym selfe yit how he wiƚƚ a way
Whether ouer the water he wiƚƚ for passe
Or turne ayen thessame way ther he fyrst was
Therfore hit is profre as theys hunteris sayne
And Reprofer iff thessame way he turne ayene
At that oder side of the water iff he vp sterte
Then shaƚƚ ye caƚƚ hit the.soule. of the hert
And that is for the water of his leggee weete
Downe in to the steppis ther fallyn of his fete
Ayen the water his way eeuen iff he hent
Then brekyth he water ther to take yow tent
And iff with the water go algate yow hit shaƚƚ
Defoulant the water an hert so hym caƚƚ

Now of the Nomblis Merke Wele the termẏs

¶ The man to his mayster spekyth fuƚƚ blyth
Off the nomblys of the hert that he wolde hym kith
How mony endys ther shaƚƚ be hem with inne
Quod the mayster bot oon thyk nor thynne
And that is bot the Gargilon to speke of aƚƚ bi dene
And aƚƚ theys oder.crokes and Roundulis. bene

The Auauncers. The Forchers

¶ Yit wolde I wit and thow woldest me leere
The crokes and the Roundellis of the Nomblys of y^e dere
Oon croke of the Nomblis lyth euermoore
vnder the throote bolle of the beest be foore
That callid is.auauncers. who so can hem kene
And the hyndermost parte of the Nomblis thene
That is to say the Forchers that liggyn euer betwene
The.ij. theys of the beest that oder crokis euene
In the Mydref that callid is the rondeƚƚ also
For the sides rownde a bowte coruen it is fro
My deere sonnys bolde: say of game I thus yow tolde

¶ Yit wolde I witt maister whi theys houndes aƚƚ
Bayen and cryen when thay hym ceche shaƚƚ
For thay wolde haue helpe that is thayr skyƚƚ
For to slee the beest that thay renne tyƚƚ
¶ Teƚƚ me mayster quod the man what is the skyll
Why the haare woolde so faynne renne ayenest the hiƚƚ
Quod the mayster for her leggys be shorter be foore
Then be hynde: that is the skyƚƚ of yoore
¶ What is the cause quod the man y^t men say of y^t beest
That the haare sittith aye when she takyth heir reest
And oder beestys ly: as communeli men sayne
For.ij. causes quod the mayster I teƚƚ the playne
Oon is for she hurcles vppon hir houghis ay
And aƚƚ other beestys: can the side to the grownde lay
An oder cause ther is and that is noo lees
For she beerith booth sewet and pure greece

¶ yit wolde I mayster quod the man fayne witt more
Where lyth the suet of the haare be hynde or befoore
Ouer the loyne quod the mayster of iche haare thow take
By twix the tayle and the chyne euen oon the backe
¶ yit wolde I mayster quod the man thees at the leer
What thow walkest in the felde with thy lymeer
Ther as an hert pasturred hath: or y^t thow hym se
To knawe faatt or lene whether that he be
I can quod the mayster weeƚƚ teƚƚ the thys caas
Whaite wele where he lay: and where he fumeyed haas
Yolow and englaymede iff that it be
Then is he fatt I the teƚƚ lerne theys of me
And iff it be booth blacke and harde and clene
Then he is meegre larbre and leene
And of thys ilke thyng iff thow leue not me
Take heede in the wyntre and then thow may it se

¶ Yit mayster of the haare fayn wolde I wit moore
What he dooth when he gooth the howndys befoore
He sorth and resorth ther he gooth a way
Pryckyth and repryckyth the sooth for to say
Bot wat is that quod the man when thay so doone
That shaƚƚ I quod the mayster teƚƚ the fuƚƚ soone
In the feeldes wheer he gooth no ways beene
Ther he sorth when he steppyth and hit may not be seene
And after when he dowblith and turnyth agaynne
Then he resoorth as goode hunteres saynne
And when he rennyth in the way dry or weete
Then men may fynde fostalx of clees or of feete
That pryckyth the haare aye when he dooth soo
And repryckyth then iff he agaynne goo

¶ Maister yit quod the man what is this to say
A vauntellay a lay. and a Relay.
That shaƚƚ I teƚƚ the quod he: for a littiƚƚ byȝete
When the howndys ar set: an hert for to mete
And other hym chasen and folowyn to take
Then aƚƚ the Relais thow may vppon hem make
Even at his comyng yf thow lett thy howndys goo
While the oder that be behynde fer arn hym froo
That is.a vauntelay. and so thow shaƚƚ hit caƚƚ
For thay are than fer before thoos oder howndes aƚƚ
And an hynderyng grete aƚƚ oder vntiƚƚ
For thay may not that day nomore sewe at wiƚƚ
And holde thyn houndes styƚƚ iff that thow so do
Tiƚƚ aƚƚ the houndes that be behynd be cum therto
Than let thyn houndes aƚƚ to geder goo
That called is an allay. and looke thow say so
And that hynderyng is yit to them that be behynde
For the restede wiƚƚ ouergo the weere by kynde
A relay is after when the houndes ar past
Fer be fore with the hert that hiet hem fast
To let thyn houndes fer after hem goon
And that is then a fortheryng to hem echoon
For and thyn houndes haue ouertake thees oder bi destres
Then shaƚƚ they aƚƚ folue hym of oon sweftnes

What Is a forloẏng

¶ Yit mayster wolde I fayn thus at yow leere
What is a forloyng for that is goode to here
That shaƚƚ I say the quod he the soth at lest
When thy houndes in the wode sechyn any beest
And the beest is stoƚƚ a way owt of the fryth
Or the houndes that thow hast meten therwith
And any other houndes before: than may with hem mete
Thees oder houndes arn then forloyned I the hete
For the beste and the houndes arn so fer before
And the houndes be hynde be weere and soore
So that thay may not at the best cum at ther wiƚƚ
The houndes before forloyne hem and that is the skyƚƚ
Thay be ay so fere be fore to me iff thow wiƚƚ trust
And thys is the forloyne lere hit iff thow lust

Wiche Thre thẏnges Cause the Houndes to Endure

¶ Yit wolde I weete mayster iff it ware thy wiƚƚ
Whan thyn houndes renne an hert vntiƚƚ
And ay the forther they goo the gladder thay bene
For.iij. causes quod he oft tyme is sene
Oon is when the hert rennys fast on a rese
He swetith that hit rennyth downe thorogh owt his clees
The houndes when thay fynde of that it is swete
Then ar thay leuer to renne and lother to lete
An oder cause when the hert ny no moore may
Then wiƚƚ he white froth caste ther he gooth a way
When thyn houndes fynde of that then ar thay glad
In hope thay shaƚƚ hym haue and renne so rad
The.iij. cause is of the hert when he is nygh dede
Then he castys owt of his mowth froth and blade rede
The houndes knaw that he shaƚƚ be take soone than
And euer the forther they goo the gladdir they renne
Thes are the causes.iij. that cawses hem gladde to be

Wich Best a Slau Hounde Takis as Sone as Aswift

¶ What beest yit mayster I ax it for non yƚƚ
That moost hoole aƚƚ houndes rennen vntiƚƚ
And also sone the slowyst shaƚƚ hym ouer take
As the swyftist shaƚƚ do what way so euer he take
That beest a Bausyn hight a Brok or a Gray
Thees.iij. namys he hath the sooth for to say
And this is cause therof: for he wiƚƚ by kynde
Go thorugh thornys a way the thykest he may fynde
Ther as the swyftist houndes may no forther goo
Then the slowest of foote be he neuer so thro

Whẏ the Hare fumaẏs and Croteis

¶ yit mayster wolde I wete whi that men sayn
That the haare fumays and croteys booth playn
And aƚƚ other maner beestys that huntid be
Femyon̄ or fenon̄ as we wele hit se
That shaƚƚ I weeƚƚ teƚƚ the quod the mayster then
For why that he femays and crotis weeƚƚ I ken
He femaith for he beryth talow. this is no lees
And he croteis men sayn for he beerith grees
And Roukis on his houghis when he lettis it go
And beestys of sich kynde fynde wee no moo
How mony beestis femayen̄ mayster fayn̄ I wolde lere
And how many fenon̄ that ware goode to here
Aƚƚ this to teƚƚ quod the mayster I holde hit bot lihgt
Aƚƚ beestis that beere talow and stonde vpright
Femayen when thay do so say as I the kenne
And aƚƚ oder fenon̄ that rowken downe thenne.

How nonẏ Maner Beestis of venerẏ Releue

¶ How many maner beestis yit mayster me teƚƚ
Off venery Releuen by fryth or by ffeƚƚ
To this quod the mayster I shaƚƚ the answare
Off aƚƚ beestis bot.ij. the hert and the haare
From the Annunciacion of owre lady day
The hert then releues the sooth for to say
Tiƚƚ saynt Petris day and paule. and the haare right:
From the Purificacion of owre lady bright:
Tiƚƚ the translacion Releuys: leue ye me
Off saynt Thomas tide of Caunturburie.

To Vndo the wẏlde Boore

¶ Yit my chylde of the boore for to speke moore
When he shaƚƚ be vndoon I teƚƚ yow be foore
xxxij. bredis ye shaƚƚ of hym make
Now wiƚƚ yow my sonnys wit weere ye shaƚƚ them take
The fyrst of theym is the hede what euer be faƚƚ
An oder is the coler and so ye shaƚƚ hit caƚƚ
The sheldys on the sholderis: therof shaƚƚ.ij. be
Then eyder side of the swyne depertid in.iij.
The peestellis and the gambons deꝑte theym.ij.
And.ij. feleteys he hath: forgete not thoo
Then take is legges and is feete & shewith yowre sleght
For they shaƚƚ of his bredys be countid for.viij.
Departith the chyne in.iiij. pecis and nomoo
And take ther yowre bredis.xxx. and.ij.
And fayre put the grece whan it is take a way
In the bledder of the boore my chylde I yow pray
For hit is a medecyne: for mony maner pyne

¶ How ẏe Shall Breeke an Hert

And for to speke of the hert while we thynke oon̄
My chylde fyrst ye shaƚƚ hym ẜue when he shaƚƚ be vndoon̄
And that is for to say or euer ye hym dyght
With in his owne hornys to lay hym vpright
At thessay cut hym that lordys may see:
A noon fat or leen wheder that he bee
Than cut of the coddis the bely euen froo
Or ye begynne hym to flee: and then shaƚƚ ye goo
At chaulis: to begynne assone as ye may
And slyttith hym downe euen to thassay
And fro thassay euen dewne the bele shaƚƚ ye slitt
To the pissiƚƚ ther the codde was a way kytt
Then slit the lyfte legge euen first before
And then the lyfte legge by hynde or ye do moore
And thees oder legges vppon the right syde
vppon thessame maner slyt ye that tyde
To goo to the chekys looke ye be prest
And so fleeth hym downe euen to the brest
And so fleeth hym forth right vnto thessay
Euen to the place where the codde was cut a way
Then fleeth thessame wyse aƚƚ that oder syde
Bot let the tayƚƚ of the beest stiƚƚ ther oon byde
Than shaƚƚ ye hym vndo my chylde I yow Rede
Ryght vppon his awne skynne and lay hit on brede
Take heede of the cuttyng of thessame dere
And begynne fyrst to make the Erbere
Than take owt the shulderis. and slyttith a noon̄
The baly to the syde from the corbyn bone
That is corbyns fee: at the deeth he wiƚƚ be
Then take owt the sewet that hit be not lafte
For that my chylde is good for lechecraft
Than put thyn honde softely vnder the brest bone
And ther shaƚƚ ye take owt therber a noon
Than put owt the paunche. and from the paunche taas:
A way wightly the Rate sich. as he haas
Hoole it with a fyngre. do as I yow kenne
And with the bloode and the grece fillith hit thenne
Looke threde that ye haue and nedeƚƚ therto:
For to sew it with aƚƚ or ye moore do.
The smale guttis than ye shaƚƚ owt pyt
From hem take the maw. foryet not it.
Than take owt the leuer. and lay hit on the skynne
And after that the bledder with owt moore dynne
Than dresst the Nombles: first that ye reke
Downe the avauncers kerue that cleues to the necke
And downe with the bolthrote put them a noon
And kerue vp the flesħ ther vp to the hach boon̄
And so forth the fillittis that ye vp arere
That fallith to the nombles. and shaƚƚ be ther:
With the neres also and sewit: that ther is
Euen to the mydryf that vppon hym is
Than take downe the mydrif from the sides hoote
And haue vp the nombles hoole by the boƚƚ throte
In thyn hond than them holde. and looke and se
That aƚƚ that longith them to. to geder that thay be
Than take them to thy broder to holde for trist
Whylis thow them dowblyst and dightis as the list
Than a way the lyghtis. and oon̄ the skynne them lay
To a byde the querre my chylde I yow pray.
Than shaƚƚ ye slyt the slough ther as the hert lith
And take a way the Eres from it and by slyth
For sich heris hath his hert: ay it vppon
As men may se in the beest when he is vndon̄
And in the myddis of the hert a boon shaƚƚ ye fynde
Looke ye yeue hit to a lorde. and chylde be kynde
For hit is kynde for mony malydies
And in the myddis of the hert euermore it lies
Than shaƚƚ ye kyt the skyrtis the teeth euen fro
And after the Ragge boon̄ cuttis euen also
The forchis: and the sydes euen betwene
And looke that yowre knyfe ay whettyd bene
Than turne vp the forchis. and frote them with bloode
For to saue the grece. so do men of goode
Than shaƚƚ ye cut the nek the sydes euen fro
And the hede fro the nek cuttyth also
The toong the brayn the paunch and the necke
When thay wasħ be weeƚƚ with water of the becke:
The smale guttis to the lightis in the derys:
A boue the hert of the beest when thow them reris
With aƚƚ the blode that ye may gete and wyn
Aƚƚ to geder shaƚƚ be take. and layde oon̄ the skyn.
To geue yowre houndes. that callid is I wis:
The quyrre. a boue the skyn for it etyn is
And who dightis hym so by my counsayle
Shaƚƚ haue the lefte shuder for hys trauayle.
And the Right shulder where so euer he bee
Yeueth to the foster for that is his fee
And the lyuer also of thessame beest
To the fosterys knaue yeueth at the leest
The nombles trussith in the skynne. and hardeƚƚ hym fast
The sides and the forches to geder that thay last
With thender legges. be doon̄ so it shaƚƚ
Than bryng it hoom. and the skynne with aƚƚ
The nombles. and the hornes. at the lordis yate
Than boldely blow the price tharat.
Yowre play for to mynne. Or that ye come Inne

¶ Explicit Dam Iulyans
Barnes in her boke of huntyng.

Bestis of the Chace of the Swete Fewte & stinkīg

Ther be beestys of the chace: of the swete fewte. And tho be the Bucke. the Doo. the Beere. the Reynḋ the Elke. the Spyccard. the Otre. and the Martron.

¶ Ther be beestis of the chace of the stynkyng fewte And thay be the Roobucke. and the Roo. the Fulmard. the Fyches. the Baude. the Graye. the Fox. the Squyreƚƚ. the whitrat. the Sot. and the Pulcatte.

¶ The namẏs of Diuerse Maner Houndis

Theis be the namys of houndes. First ther is a Grehownd a Bastard. A Mengreƚƚ. a Mastyfe. a Lemor. a Spanyeƚƚ. Rachys. Kenettys. Teroures. Bocheris houndes. Myddyng dogges. Tryndeltayles. and Prikherid curris. and smale ladies popis thai beere a way the flees and dyueris smale fawtis.

¶ The Propreteis of a Goode Grehound

A Grehounde shulde be heded like a Snake. and necked like a Drake. Foted like a Kat. Tayled like a Rat. Syded lyke a Teme. Chyned like a Beme

¶ The first yere he most lerne to fede. The secund yere to felde hym lede. ¶ The.iij. yere he is felow lyke. The.iiij yere ther is noon sike. ¶ The.v. yere he is good Inough The.vi. yere he shaƚƚ holde the plough ¶ The vij yere he wiƚƚ avayle: grete bikkys for to assayle. ¶ The.viij. yere likladiƚƚ. The.ix. yere cartsadyƚƚ. ¶ And when he is commyn to that yere: haue hym to the tanner. ¶ For the beest hownde that euer bikke hade. at.ix. yere he is fuƚƚ badde

The Propretees of a Goode Hors

A Goode hors shulde haue.xv. ꝓpretees. and condicions. y^t is to wit.iij. of a man.iij of a woman.iij. of a fox iij. of an haare and.iij. of an asse.
Off a man boolde prowde and hardy.
Off a woman fayre brestid faire of here & esy to lip vppon.
Off a fox a faire tayle short eris with a goode trot.
Off an hare a grete eygh a dry hede. and weƚƚ rennyng
Off an asse a bigge chyne a flatte lege. and goode houe.

Weƚƚ trauelid women ner weƚƚ trauelid hors wer neu̇ goode

¶ Arise erly. serue god deuouteli. and the worlde besily doo thy werke wiseli. yeue thyn almese secretly Go by the way sadly. Answere the peple demurely. Go to thi mete appetideli. Sit ther at discretely. Of thi tonge be not to liberalli. Arrise therfrom temꝑatly. Goo to thi soper soborly And to thy bedde merely. Be in thyn Inne Iocūdely Plese thy loue duly. And slepe surely.

Merke Wele theẏs.iiii thẏnges

¶ Ther be.iiij thyngꝭ principaƚƚ to be drad of eu̇y wise man
The first is the curse of owre holy fader the pope.
The secunde is thindignacion of a prince Quia indignacion regis vel principis mors est
The thridde is the fauor or the wiƚƚ of a Iuge.
The iiij. is Sclaunder & the mutacion of a comynalte.

Who that makith in Cristynmas a doog to his larder.
And in Marche a Sow to is gardyner.
And in May a fole of a whise mannys counseƚƚ.
He shaƚƚ neuer haue goode larder. fayre gardyn. Ner wele kepyd cownceƚƚ.

¶ Fer from thy kynnysmen keste the.
Wrath not thy neighborys next the.
In a goode corne cuntre threste the.
And sitte downe Robyn and rest the.

Who that byldys his hous aƚƚ of salowes.
And prickyth a blynde hors ouer the falowys.
And suffrith hys wyfe to seche mony halowys.
God sende hym the blysse of euerlastyng galowis.

If Theis Be Not Directid Then Go Thei at aventẏr

¶ Ther be iiij. thynges fuƚƚ harde for to knaw.
Wyche way that thay wiƚƚ drawe.
The first is the wayes of a yong man.
The secunde the cours of a vessayƚƚ in the see.
The thridde of an Edder or a serpent sprent.
The.iiij. of a fowle sittyng on any thyng.

Too wyues in oon hous. too cattys and oon mous:
Too dogges and oon boon: theis shaƚƚ neu̇ accorde ɩ oon̄

Who that mannyth hym with his kynne.
And closith his croofte wyth cheritrees.
Shaƚƚ haue many hegges brokynne.
And also fuƚƚ lyttyƚƚ goode seruyes.

The Compaẏnẏs of beestẏs and fowlẏs

      AN Herde of Hertis
      an herde of aƚƚ maṅ dere
an Herde of Swannys
an Herde of Cranys
an Herde of Corlewys
an Herde of wrennys
an Herde of harlottys
a Nye of ffesaunttys
a Beuy of Ladies
a Beuy of Roos
a Beuy of Quaylis
a Sege of heronnys
a Sege of betouris
a Sorde or a sute of malardis
a Mustre of Pecockys
a walke of Snytis
a Congregacion of peple
an Exaltyng of Larkis
a wache of Nyghtingalis
an hoost of men
a ffelisħippyng of yomen
a Cherme of Goldefynches
a Cast of Brede
a Couple or a payer of botillis
a fflight of Doues
an vnkyndenes of Rauenes
a Clateryng of choughes
a Dissimulacion of breddis
a Route of Knyghtis
a Pride of Lionys
a Sleuth of Beeris
a Cete of Graies
a Bery of Conyis
a Riches of Martronys
a Besynes of ferettis
a Brace of grehoundis of ij
a Lece of Grehoundis of.iij
a Coupuƚƚ of spaynellis
a Couple of rennyng houndis
a Litter of welpis
a Kyndyƚƚ of yong Cattis
a Synguler of Boris
a Dryft of tame Swyne
an Harrasse of horse
a Ragg of coltis or a Rake
a Baren of Mulis
a Trippe of Gete
a Trippe of haaris
a Gagle of gees
a Brode of hennys
a badelyng of Dokis
a Noonpaciens of wyues
a State of Prynces
a Thongh of barons
a Prudens of vikeris
a Suꝑfluyte of Nunnys
a Scole of clerkes
a Doctryne of doctoris
a Conu̇tyng of prechouris
a Sentence of Iuges
a Dampnyng of Iurrouris
a Diligens of Messangeris
an Obeisians of ẜuauntis
a Sete of vssheris
a Draught of boteleris
a Proude shewyng of taloris
a Temꝑans of cokys
a Stalke of fosteris
a Boost of saudiouris
a Laughtre of Osteloris
a Glosyng of Tauerneris
a Malepertnes of pedleres
a Thraue of Throsheris
a squatte of Dawberis
a Fightyng of beggers
an vntrouth of sompneris
a Melody of Harpers
A Pauuerty of pypers
a sotelty of sergeauntis
a Tabernacle of bakers
a Drifte of fisħers
a Disgysyng of Taylours
a Bleche of sowteris
a Smere of Coryouris
a Clustre of Grapys
a Clustre of chorlis
a Rage of Maydenys
a Rafuƚƚ of Knauys
a blusħ of boyes
an vncredibilite of Cocoldis
a Couy of partrichis
a Sprynge of Telis
a Desserte of Lapwyngꝭ
a faƚƚ of woodecockis
a Congregacion of Pleuers
a Couert of cootis
a Dueƚƚ of Turtillis
a Titengis of Pies
an Ost of sparowis
a Swarme of bees
a cast of haukis of y^e tour.ij
a Lece of thessame haukis.iij
a Flight of Goshaukes
a Flight of swalowes
a beldyng of Rookes
a Murmuracion of stares
a Route of woluess
a Lepe of Lebardis
a Shrewdenes of Apis
a Skulke of Theuys
a skulke of ffoxis
a Nest of Rabettis
a Labor of Mollis
a Mute of houndes
a Keneƚƚ of Rachis
a Sute of a lyam
a Cowardnes of curris
a Soundre of wilde swyne
a Stode of Maris
a Pase of Assis
a Droue of Nete
a fflocke of Shepe
a Gagle of women
a Pepe of chykennys
a Multiplieng of husbondis
a Pontificalite of prelatis
a Dignyte of chanonys
a Charge of curatis
a Discrecion of Prestis
a Sculke of freris
a bhomynable sight of mōkis
a Scoƚƚ of ffysħ
a Example of Maisteris
an Obẜuans of herimytis
an Eloquens of laweyeris
an Execucion of Officerys
a faith of Marchandis
a ꝓuision of stewardꝭ of hous
a Kerff of Panteris
a Credens of Seweris
an vnbrewyng of Kerueris
a Safegarde of Porteris
a Blast of hunteris
a Thretenyng of courteyeris
a Promyse of Tapsteris
a Lyeng of pardeneris
a Misbeleue of paynteris
a Lasħ of Carteris
a Scoldyng of Kemsteris
a wonderyng of Tynkeris
a waywardnes of haywardis
a worship of writeris
a Neu̇thriuyng of Iogoleris
a ffraunch of Mylneris
a Festre of Brewris
a Goryng of Bochouris
a Trynket of Corueseris
a Plocke of Shoturneris
a Dronkship of Coblers
a Sculke of foxis
a Clustre of Nottis
a Rage of the teethe
a Rascaƚƚ of Boyes
a Disworship of Scottis

¶ Explicit

Here folow the dew termẏs to speke of breekẏng or dressẏng of dẏuerse beestis and fowlis & ċ And thessame is shewed of certaẏn fẏsshes.

A Dere brokenne.
A Goose rerede
a Pigge hedede and sydede
a Capoon sawsede
a Checoon frusshyd
a Cony vnlaceedde
a Crane displayde
a Curlew vnioyntede
a ffesawnt alet
a Quayle wyngged
a Plouer Mynsed
a Pegeon thyghed
Brawne leechyd
a Swanne lyfte
a Lambe shulderide
a Kidde shulderide
an Hen spoylede
a Malarde vnbrasid
an Heron dysmembrid
a Pecoke disfigured
a Beture vntachid
a Partrich alet
a Raale brestyde
a Wodecoke thyghed
an Egge Tyred
a ffyre Tymbered

Now of fẏsshes

A Sawmon Chyned
a Pyke splatted
an Haddoke sided
a Cheuen fynned
a Sole loyned
a Gurnarde chyned
a Tenche sawced
an Ele trousoned
a Breme splayed
a Barbiƚƚ tuskyd
a Trought gobettid

¶ ẏe Shall saẏ Thus

An hert Herbourghith
a Bucke lodgith
an Esquyer lodgith
a Roo beddith
a yoman beddith
an haare in her forme shulderyng or leenyng.
a Cony sittyng.
a Wodecoke beekyng

Here now foloyng shaƚƚ be shewed aƚƚ the Shyreys and the Byshopryches of the reolme of Englond And ye shaƚƚ vnderstonde that the Shyres be written before and the bisshopriches of thessame ar writ folowyng next aft and then afterward ar shewed the Prouynces of this londe.

¶ Kente. Caunturbury. Rouchestre.
¶ Southesex. Chychestre.
¶ Haampshyre. Sutherey. Wynchestre.
¶ Wyldeshyre. Barkeshyre. Salybury.
¶ Somersete shyre. Dorset shyre. Bathe.
¶ Deuenshyre. Cornewayle. Excestur
¶ Essex. Medelsex. London.
¶ Northfolke. Suthefolke. Norwyche.
¶ Cambrygeshyre. Elye.

¶ Laycetre. Huntyngdon. Northampton. Hertford. Bedford.
Bokyngham. Oxynford. Lyncolne. Lyncolne

¶ Gloucetur. Worcetur. Wigorn̄.
¶ Herfordshyre. Herford.
¶ Chesshyre. Shropshyre. ꝑte of Lācashire. Chestre.

¶ Yorkeshire. Stafordshire. Darbishire. Notynghamshyre.
and oder as parte of Lancastreshire. Yorke.

Prouẏnces of England

Caunturburi. and Yorke. Stafford. Darby Notingham. Northumberlonde. Durham. Westmerlond. Tendale. Karlile

Here in thys booke folowyng is determyned the lynage of Coote armuris: and how gentilmen shaƚƚ be knowyn from vngentiƚƚ men. and how bondeage began first in aungeƚƚ and after succeded in man kynde. as it is shewede in processe boothe in the childer of Adam and also of Noe. and how Noe deuyded the worlde in.iij. partis to his.iij. sonnys. Also ther be shewyd the.ix. colowris in armys figured by the.ix. orderis of aungelis. and it is shewyd by the forsayd colowris wych ben worthy and wych ben Royaƚƚ. and of rigaliteis wiche ben noble and wich ben exellent. And ther ben here the vertuys of chyualry and many other notable and famowse thyngys to the plesure of noble personys shaƚƚ be shewyd as the werkys folowyng witteneses who so euer likyth to se thaym and rede thaym wych were to longe now to rehers. And after theys notable thyngꝭ aforesayde folowyth the Blasyng of aƚƚ maner armys in latyn french and Englisħ.

¶ Incipit Liber armorum

Beyng in worthenes aarmes for to beere by the Royaƚƚ blode in ordynance all nobuƚƚ and gentyƚƚ men from the hyest degre to the lawyst ī thys booke shaƚƚ be shewed. and to deseuer Gentilnes from vngentilnes. ¶ In so moche thatt aƚƚ gentilnes cummys of god of heuyn. at heuyn I wyƚƚ begyn where were.x. orderis of aungelis and now stonde bot.ix. in coote armuris of knawlege encrowned fuƚƚ hye with precious stones. where lucifer with mylionys of aungelis owt of heuyn feƚƚ vnto heƚƚ and odyr places and ben holdyn ther in bondage. and aƚƚ where creatid in heuyn of gentiƚƚ nature. A bonde man or a churle wyƚƚ say aƚƚ we be cummyn of adam. So lucifer with his cumpany may say aƚƚ we be cummyn of heuyn. ¶ Adam the begynnyng of man kynde was as a stokke vnsprayde and vnfloreshed. and in the braunches is knowlegge wiche is rotun and wiche is grene.

How Gentilmen shall be knawẏn from churlis & how theẏ first began. And how Noe deuẏdẏd the world in.iii. partit to his iii sonnẏs.

Now for to deuyde gentilmen from chorlis in haast it shaƚƚ be preued. Ther was neuer gentilman nor churle ordenyd by kynde bot he had fadre and modre. Adam and Eue had nother fadre nor modre. and in the sonnys of Adam and Eue war founde bothe gentilman and churle. By the soonnys of Adam and Eue Seth Abeƚƚ and Cayn deuyded was the royaƚƚ blode fro the vngentiƚƚ. A brother to sley his brother ꝯtrary to the law where myght be more vngentelnes. By that did Cayn become a chorle and aƚƚ his ofspryng after hym by the cursyng of god and his owne fadre adam ¶ And Seth was made a gentilman thorow his fadres and moderis blissyng. And of the ofspryng of Seth Noe come a gentilman by kynde
¶ Noe had.iij. sonnys begetyn by kynde. by the modre.ij. were named Cham and Sem. and by the fadre the thirde was namyd Iafeth. Yit in theys.iij. sonnys gentilnes and vngentilnes was founde ¶ In cham vngentilnes was founde to his owne fadre doon̄ to discuuer his preuytes and laugh his fadre to scorne ¶ Iafeth was the yongist and repreued his brodre. Than like a gentilman take mynde of Cham. for his vngentilnes he was become a chorle: and had the cursyng of god and his fadre Noe. And whan Noe awoke he sayde to Cham his sonne: knowyst nott thow how hit become of Cayn Adam soon: and of his churlisħ blode. Aƚƚ the worlde is drownde saue we.viij. And now of the to begynne vngentilnes and a cause to destroye vs aƚƚ: vppon the hit shaƚƚ be & so I pray to god that it shaƚƚ faƚƚ. Now to the I gyue my curse wycked kaytife for eu̇. and I gyue to the: the north parte of the worlde to drawe thyn habitacion for ther shaƚƚ it be. where sorow and care colde and myschef as a churle thow shalt haue. in the thirde parte of the worlde wich shaƚƚ be calde Europe that is to say the contre of churlys.

¶ Iafeth eū heder my sonne thow shaƚƚ haue my blissing dere ī stede of Seth Adam son I make the a gentilman to the weste parte of the worlde. and to the occident ende: where as welth and grace shaƚƚ be. ther thyn habitacion shaƚƚ be. to take that other therde parte of the worlde which shaƚƚ be calde asia that is to say the contre of gentilmen.
¶ And Sem my son also a gentilman I the make to multipli abellis blode that so wykkedli was slayn. the oryente thow shalt take that other theirde parte of the worlde which shaƚƚ be calde affrica. that is to say the contre of tempurnes.

¶ Of the ofspryng of the gentilman Iafeth come Habraham Moyses Aron and the profettys. and also the kyngꝭ of y^e right lyne of mary. of whom that gentilman Ihesus was borne very god and man: after his manhode Kyng of the londe of Iude & of Iues gentilman by is modre mary prynce of Cote armure.

How Longe Cote Armures Wer Begunne Afore thẏncarnacion of Owre Lorde Ihesu crẏst

Iafeth made first Barget and ther in he made a baƚƚ in token of aƚƚ the worlde. and afterwarde.ij^m. yere and.xviij. before thyncarnacion of Criste: Cote armure was made. and figurid at the sege of troye where in gestys troianorum it teƚƚith thatt the first begynnyng of the lawe of armys was. the wiche was effugured and begunne before any lawe in the worlde. bott the lawe of nature. and before the.x. cōmawndementis of god

¶ And thys lawe of armys was grounded vppon the.ix. orderys of angelis in heuen encrowned with.ix. dyueris precious stonys of colowris and of vertuys dyueris. also of them ar figurid the.ix. colouris in armys. as in nowmbre to begynne the first stone is callid Topasion

¶ Primꝰ Lapis — The First Stone Is Calde Topasion signẏfiẏng Golde in armẏs

¶ This stone Topasion is a semy stone. and golde it is calde in armys. The vertue ther of is: that the gentilman the wiche thys stone in his cote armure berith a fare messangere in his kyngꝭ batyƚƚ shaƚƚ be. The wich stone is reẜued in the angelis crowne that was a trwe massanger and a sure in his kyngꝭ batayƚƚ of heuen whan they faught with Lucifer

¶ Secūdꝰ Lapis — The Secunde Stone Is Cald Smaragdus a grauelẏ Stone signifiẏng Vert in armẏs

¶ The secunde stone is calde Smaragdus a grauell stone. &̄ vert it is calde in armys. The vertu ther of is: that the gentylman the wich in his cote armure it berith kene and hardy in his kyngꝭ bateƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wiche stone is reserued in tharchangelles crowne that was kene and hardy in his kyngis bataile of heuen whan thei faught with lucifer

¶ Tercius Lapis ¶ And This Stone Is Calde Brusk Colore ī armẏs

¶ The thirde ston̄ is calde an Ametisce a dusketli ston̄ brusk hit is calde in armys. The vertu ther of is: that he the wich berith in his Cotearmur that stone. fortunable of victori ī his kīges batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich stone is reserued to the virtutys crowne that was fortunable and victoriows in his kyngꝭ batail of heuen whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ Quartus Lapis ¶ And This Stone Is Calde plūbẏ Color ī armẏs

The.iiij. stone is calde a Margarete a clowdy stone Plumby hit is calde in armys. The vertue ther of is. what gentilmā that ī his Cotearmure that stone berith grete gou̇nawnce of chiualrie in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ haue. the wich stone is reẜued in the potestatis crowne that was cheualrius of gou̇naunce in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thay faught with Lucifer

Quintus Lapis — ¶ A loẏs Is Calde Sinamer or Sanquine ī armẏs

¶ The.v. ston̄ is calde a Loys. a sanquine stone or sinamer hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is: the gentilman thatt in his Cotearmure this stone berith myghtifuƚƚ of power in his kyngys batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the which stone was reserued in dominacionys crowne that was myghtifuƚƚ of powere in his kyngys bataiƚƚ of heuyn whan thei faught with Lucifer

Sextus Lapis ¶ And thẏs Stone Is Calde gowlẏs in armẏs

¶ The.vi. stone is calde a Ruby a redly stone. gowlys it is calde in armys. the vertue therof is. the gentylman that ī his Cotearmure that stone berith hote and fuƚƚ of corage in his kyngys batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich stone is reserued in the principatis crowne that was hote brinnyng as fire in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ Septimꝰ Lapis — ¶ A Blue Stone It Is & It Is Cald Asure ī armẏs

The.vij. stone is calde a Saphyre a blew stone Asure hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is. the gentilman that in his Cotearmure berith that stone: wyse and vertues in his werkyng in his kyngꝭ batayƚƚ shaƚƚ be. the wich is reserued to tronꝰ crowne that was wyse and vertues in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn whan they faught with Lucifer

Ottauꝰ Lapis — ¶ This Stone Is Blake and It Is Called Sabull

¶ The.viij. ston̄ is a Dyamond a blake stone. Sable it is calde in armys. The vertue therof is. what gentilman that ī his Cotearmure thatt stone berith: durabuƚƚ & vnfaynt in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ be. The wich stone was reserued ī the cherubyns crowne that was durable &̄ vnfaynt in his kyngys batayƚƚ of heuyn. whan thay faught with Lucifer

¶ ixꝰ Lapis — ¶ A shinẏng ston̄ and Is Calde Siluer ī armẏs

The.ix. stone is calde Carbuncle a shynyng stone. Silu̇ hit is calde in armys. The vertue therof is: what gentilman y^t in his Cotearmure this stone berith. fuƚƚ dowghti glorious & shynyng in his kyngys batayƚƚ he shaƚƚ be The wich stone was reserued in the Serophyns crowne: that was fuƚƚ doughti gloriꝰ & shinīg ī his kīgꝭ batayƚƚ of heuyn whan thei faught w^t Lucifer

¶ Of the diu̇se Coloreis for the Feld of cotearmuris.v. Bene worthẏ and.iiii. Bene Roẏall

Ther be.ix. dyu̇se coloris for the felde of Cotearmuris v worthy &.iiij. Royaƚƚ. The.v. worthy be theys: Golde verte Brusk Plumby & Synam. And the.iiij. Royaƚƚ be theis: Gowlis Asure Sable & Siluer Bot now aft blaseris of armys ther be bot.vi. coloris of y^e wich.ij. be metaƚƚ & iiij. coloris. Golde &̄ Silu̇ for metaƚƚ. vert Goulis Asure & Sabuƚƚ for coloris. & theys be vsid and no moo.

¶ Of Nine preciꝰ stonis.v. Be Noble &.iiii. Of Dig

¶ Ther be.ix. precious stonys.v. noble &.iiij. of dignite The.v. noble stonys be theys Topasion Smaragmat Amatisce Margaret & Aloys. The.iiij. of dignite be theys Rubi Saphyr Dyamond and Carbuncuƚƚ

¶ Of Thorderis of āgelis.v. Be Ierarch &.iiii. trō

Ther be.ix. orḋys of angelis.v. Ierarchie. &.iiij. Trōly The v. Ierarchye be theys: Angelis Archangelis virtutes Potestates &̄ dominacoēs The.iiij. Tronli be theys Principatꝰ Trony Cherubyn and Seraphyn.

¶ V. of the Dignites of Regalite Be Noble &.iiii. &ċ

¶ Ther be.ix. dignites of Regalite.v. noble and iiij excellent The.v noble be theys Gentilmā Squier Knyght Baron and Lorde. And.iiij. excellēt be theis Erle Mark Duke and Prynce

Nẏne Vertues of preciꝰ stonẏs

Nyne vertues of preciꝰ stonys ben ther.v. generaƚƚ and iiij. speciaƚƚ The v. geṅaƚƚ ben theys A sure messenger Kene & hardy fortunat of victori Cheualriꝰ of gou̇naunce &̄ myghtifuƚƚ of power The.iiij. speciaƚƚ be theis: hote of corage wyse & redy & vertues in werkyng Durable & vnfaynt fuƚƚ doughti & gloriose shynyng.

¶ The .iiii. vertues of cheualrẏ

Fowre vertues of cheualry ben ther: The first is iuste in his beestis. clennes of his ꝑsone. peti to haue of the poore. to be gracious to his presoṅ. to be reuerent and faythfuƚƚ to his god The secunde is that he be wyse ī his bataiƚƚ. prudent ī his fightīg knowyng & hauyng mynde ī his wittis. The.iij. is y^t he be nott slow ī his werris loke be fore y^t his q̄riƚƚ be true thanke god euer of his victory & for to haue mesure ī his sustināce. The iiij is to be strōg &̄ stedfast ī his gou̇nāce. to hope to haue y^e victory And vode not frome the felde and not to shame his cote armure. Also that he be not to bostfuƚƚ of his manhod Loke that he be curtes lowly and gentiƚƚ and with owte rebawdry in his langage.

Here Shall Be Shewed the.ix. Artikelis of Gentilnes. V of Them Ar Amorows and Iiii soueraẏn

¶ Ther be.ix. artycles of gentilnes. and of theym.v. bene amorows. and.iiij. soueren. The.v. amorows gentilneses ben thees Lordeli of cowntenawnce Treteable in langage Wyse in his answere Perfite in gouernawnce. and Cherefuƚƚ to faythfulnes. The.iiij souerayn gentilneses ben theis Fewe othes in sweryng. Boxom to goddis byddyng. Knowyng his owne birth in beryng. and to drede his souerayn to offende.

¶ Ther Be Ix. Vices contrarẏ to Gentilmen

¶ Ther ben.ix. vices contrari to gentilmen of the wiche.v. ben indetermynable and iiij. determynable The.v. indetermynable ben theys: oon to be fuƚƚ of slowthe in his werris. an other to be fuƚƚ of boost in his manhode. the thride to be fuƚƚ of cowardnes to is enemy. the faurth to be fuƚƚ of lechri ī his body. & the fifthe to be fuƚƚ of drynkyng &̄ dronckunli. Ther be.iiij. determynable: on is to reuoke is own̄ chalange. an other to sley his presoner with his own̄ handis. the thride to voyde from his soueraygnes baner in the felde. and the fifthe to teƚƚ his soueraygne fals talys

¶ Ther be.ix. īestimable reioẏngis in armẏs

¶ The.ix. inestimable reioyngꝭ of armys ben theys

First is a gentilman to be made a knyght ī the felde at batiƚƚ ¶ The secunde is lyuelode of hym to resayue after manhode The.iij. is cheualry to do by fore his soueren ¶ The.iiij. is ambassatt to be put in his honde for wisdom. ¶ The.v. is proues of knyghthode done be fore alioundis ī honor of renowne. ¶ Theys be calde in armys the.v. autentyke Now folowith the.iiij. endyng stremytallis personaƚƚ ¶ The first is a poore knyght to be maried to the blode Royaƚƚ ¶ The secunde is to haue thanke of his souereyn perpetuaƚƚ. ¶ The.iii. is to kepe his Cote armure vnshamyd in triaƚƚ ¶ And the.iiij. is to kepe aƚƚ poyntis of is knyghthod as gestys troianorum declarith.

Knaw ẏe that theis ii. orderis wer. first wedlok & then knẏhthode. and knẏhthode was made before Cote armure was ordened.

¶ Ther was non order bot.ij. wedloke first and knyghthod after. A knyght was made before ony cote armure. and Olybion was the first knyght that euer was. Asteriali his fader come bi the right lyne of that gentilman Iafeth and saw the peple multiplie & had no gouerner And the cursed peple of Sem wered ayenys them Olibion was the stryngest and the manfullest man in his tyme And the peple cried on̄ Olibion to be theyr maister and their gou̇ner A thowsand men wer than multiplied of Iafethis lyne. Asteriaƚƚ made to his son̄ a garlande abowte his hede of.ix. diueris preciouse stonys in tokenyng of chyualri to be a gou̇ner of a.M. men. &̄ vnto thys same day y^e kīgꝭ haue his name ī latē y^t is as moch to sai y^e gou̇ṅ of.i^m. mē Olibion knelyd to Asteryaƚƚ his fader and askyd his blissyng. Asteryaƚƚ toke Olibions swerde that was Iafethis fawlchon̄ that Tubaƚƚ made be fore the floode: and smote flatlyng.ix. tymys vppon the ryght shuldre of Olibion in tokenyng of the ix. vertuys of the forsayde precious stonys and gaue him his blissing with a charge to kepe the.ix. vertuys of charyte now foloyng as ye shaƚƚ here.

¶ Theis be the charges or artikelis that euerẏ knẏght shlude kepe bẏ the dignẏte of his order & theẏ be ix. v. temꝑall and iiii goostlẏ

Ther be.v. temperaƚƚ u̇tuys &.iiij. gostly u̇tuys of charite the.v. temꝑaƚƚ vertuys be theys. he shaƚƚ not turne his backe to his enemy for to flee. The.ij. is that he shaƚƚ truly holde his promyse to his frende: and also to his foo. The.iij. is he shaƚƚ be free of mete and drinke to aƚƚ his meny a boute him The.iiij. is he shaƚƚ vpholde maydonys ryght. The.v. is that he shaƚƚ holde vp wydoys ryght. Theys be the.iiij. vertuys of charite goostly. The first is: he shaƚƚ honoure his fader and his moder. The.ij is he shaƚƚ do noon harme to the poore. The.iij. is he shaƚƚ be mercifuƚƚ. The.iiij. is he shaƚƚ holde with the sacifice of the grete god of heuyn. And than Asteryaƚƚ did make to Olibion a targett of Olyfe tree with iij. corneris.ij. a bouen is face and oon downe to the growndwarde. in tokenyng that thys Olibion̄ was the cheue of aƚƚ the blode of the.iij. sonnys of Noy By the Olif tree he vnderstode victery for to wyn̄ By the poynt of his target to the grownde the cursed brothir Cham By the corner of his target a bouen firtherest that other brothir Sem. That othir corner next to hym selfe betokenyth that gentilman Iafeth the blissed brothir of whome god and man come by right lyne

¶ The Maner of knẏghthodis ben.ii. Oon With the Swerde An Other With the Bath

Ther be.ij. maner of knyghthodes oon with the swerde and an other with the bath The bath is the worthest by cause of iiij. Royaltes. Oon is whan an vnaged prynce is made knyght or be crouned kyng The secunde is whan a Kyng or an Emperoure is crowned. The thyrde is whan a quene or an Emperis is crowned. The iiij. is whan a Kyng or an Emperowre cum to speke with an other of dyuerse londys

Nẏne Maner of gentẏlmen Ther Bene

¶ Ther is a Gentylman of Auncetre and of blode
¶ And ther is a Gentylman of bloode
¶ Ther is a Gentylman of Cootearmur: and theos be.iij Oon of the Kyngys bage. An other of a lordeship. And the therde is of the kyllyng of a Saryson̄
¶ And ther is a gentylman vntryaƚƚ
¶ And ther is a gentylman Ypocrafet
¶ And ther is a gentylman Sperytuaƚƚ
¶ Ther is also a gentylman sperituaƚƚ and temperaƚƚ. and aƚƚ theys ben more playnly declared in thys booke

¶ Gentilmen Be calde.iiii. Maner of wẏse One of Awncetreis and Iii of Cotearmure

¶ A gentẏlman spirituall

Ther be.iiij. diuerse maner of gentilmen. Oon his a gentylman of awncetreys: wich muste nedis be a gentilman of blode. Ther be.iij. gentilmen of Cotearmure and not of blode Oon is a gentylman of Cotarmure of the kynges bagge. that is to say his deuice by an herawd Igouen̄. An other gentilman of Cotarmure is and not of blode a kyng geuyng a lordshipp to a yoman vnder his seaƚƚ of patent to hym and to his eyrys for euer more he may were a Cotarmure of the same lordshipp
The thride his a yoman cristenyd yif he kiƚƚ a gentylman sorsyn he may were the sarsinys Cotarmure and noo sarsyn a sarsynis cotarmure nethir cristennys cotarmure bi feghtyng in noo wyse Yit sum men say that a cristen man ouercomyng a cristen man feghtyng in the list shaƚƚ bere the cotarmure of him that is ouer comyn. Or if a souereyn kyng make of a yoman a knyght that same knyght is a gentylman of blode by the royalte of the kyng and of knyghthood ¶ Ther is a gentylman a churle sone a preste to be made and that is a spirituaƚƚ gentylman to god and not of blode. Butt if a gentylmannys sone be made preste he is a gentilman both spirituaƚƚ and temperaƚƚ. Criste was a gentilman of his moder behalue and bare cotarmure of aunseturis. The.iiij. Euangelist berith wittenese of Cristis warkys in the gospeƚƚ with aƚƚ thappostilles. They were Iewys and of gentylmen come by the right lyne of that worthy ꝯqueroure Iudas machabeus bot that by succession of tyme the kynrade feƚƚ to pouerty. after the destruccion of Iudas Machabeus and then they feƚƚ to laboris &̄ ware calde no gentilmen. and the.iiii. doctoris of holi chirch Seynt Ierom Ambrose Augustyn and Gregori war gentilmen of blode and of cotarmures

¶ Also the diuisionẏs of Cotarmuris be.ix. Thatt Is to witt.v. perfẏte and.iiii. vnperfẏte

Ther be.ix. dyuisionis of cotarmures.v. perfite &.iiii. vnperfite. The.v. perfite be theys. Termynaƚƚ Collateraƚƚ Abstrakte Fixaƚƚ and Bastard.

¶ Diferens Enbordẏng

¶ Dẏferans Iemews

¶ Diferens molet

¶ Termynaƚƚ is calde in armys aƚƚ the bretheren of right lyne hethir by fadre or by modre may bere the right heyris cotarmure with a differens calde Enbordyng ¶ Collateraƚƚ is calde in armys the sonnys of the bretheren of the right heyre beryng the cotarmuris of theyr faderis with a dyfferans Iemews ¶ Fixaƚƚ in armys is calde the thirde degre by the rightlyne from the right heyre by line male. thay may bere there faderis cote armure with a differans molet

Diferans Countertreuis

¶ The bastarde of fixaƚƚ shaƚƚ bere his faderis cotarmure counturtreuys. that is to say what so euer he berith in his felde he shaƚƚ bere in the colowris dyuerse and no more

How Ther be.iiii. cotarmurẏs Imperfite and Be borẏn wẏth Owte Diferans

Ther be.iiij. cotarmuris vnperfite: and be borne with owte differance. The first cotarmure is if a lordshipp a fore sayde be gouen vnder patent bi the kyng. and if he die with oute heyr his cotarmure is Idon̄.

¶ The secunde is the cotarmure of the kyngꝭ gyfte yif he dye with owte heyr his cotarmure is done. and yif theys.ij. cotarumuris haue vsshew forth: the fith degre of theam bering lyne by male be gentilmen of blode by lawe of armys

¶ The threde cotarmure of the Sarsyn yif the cristyn man dye with owte vsshew his cotarmure is done. and if he had vsshew forth vnto the fith degree from him by right lyne of vsshew male he is a gentylman of blode

¶ The fawrith cotarmure of the chefe blode yif he dye with owte ony vsshew the hole cotarmure is lost than it fallith to be a cotarmure of thymperfite beryng with a differans

¶ Aƚƚ the bastardis of aƚƚ cotarmuris shaƚƚ bere a fesse Sū caƚƚ hit a baston̄ of oon of the.iiij. dignites of colouris. excepte the bastarde of the fixiales and the bastarde of the brethyrne of the cheue blode where theritaunce is deparded to eu̇ych brothir e like moch theys bastardis shaƚƚ adde more bagy to his armys or take a way a bagy of armys

Note Here Well Who Shall gẏue Cotarmures

¶ Ther shaƚƚ none of the.ix. orduris of regalite bot aƚƚ onli the soueregne Kyng geue cootarmur. for that is to hym improperid bi lawe of armys. And yit the kyng shaƚƚ nott make a knyght with owte a cootarmure by fore.

Eu̇y knyght cheftayn ī the felde mai make a cootarmur knight

In How manẏ Places a knẏght maẏ Be Made

A Knyght is made in.v. dyuerse placis In musturing in londe of werris. In Semblyng vnder baneris. In listys of the bath And at the sepulcur

¶ A Lassed Cotarmure Is on the Moderis Parte

¶ A lassed cootarmure is calde the coote of a gentylwoman hauyng lyuelode weddyd to a man hauyng noo cootarmure. hir sone may were hir cootarmur with a differance of armys duryng his liue by the curtesy of law of armys. and his sone shaƚƚ none bere bot so be that the gentylwoman be heyr or next of blode to that cootarmure. Or ellis beyng hir byrth of the blode Royaƚƚ and than shaƚƚ hir heyre bere hir cootarmure

How Gentẏll men be made of Gromis that be nott of cootarmure nether blode and theẏ be cald vntriall and apocrifate as hit shewith foloẏng

Ther be.ij. dyuerse Gentylmen made of gromys: that be nott gentilmen of cotearmure nother of blode. Oon is calde in armys a gentylman vntriaƚƚ that is to say made vp emong relygyous men as priorys Abbottis or Bysshoppis. That other is called in armys a gentiƚƚ man appocrifate that is to say made vpp and gouyn to him the name and the lyueray of a gentylman.

¶ In armẏs Be Vi Diferences That Is to saẏ Ii. for Excellent and Iiii. For nobullẏs

Ther be.vi. Differences in armys.ij. for thexcellent. and.iiij. for the nobles. Labeƚƚ and Enborduryng for lordis. Iemews Molettys Flowre delyce and Quyntfoyles for thee nobles.

In blasẏng of armẏs be.ix. Quadrattis That Is to saẏ.v. Quadrate Finiall and Iiii. Roẏall

In blasyng of armys ther be.ix. quadrattis for to consider.v. quadrate finiaƚƚ and.iiij. Royaƚƚ. Fyue quadrate finiaƚƚ be theys. Gereri. Gerundi. Fretly. Geratly. and Endently.

¶ Gereri is called in armys whan cootarmuris ar.ix. quarteris dyuerse colowris.
¶ Gerundi is called in armys whan the cootarmure is of.ix. dyuerse colowris: &̄ a fusitarget with in the cootarmure of whatt colowre that hit be of
¶ Fretly is calde ī armys whan the cootarmure is counterfesid

¶ Geratly is calde in armys whan the cootarmure is powderd Bot a blaisar shaƚƚ not say he berith Ermen. Siluer powderd with Ermen Bot he shaƚƚ say he berith Ermen or ellis in sume armys he muste say demy Ermen: wich is to sai whitli Ermen

In so moch that ī the fifthe quadrat finiaƚƚ hit is determyned of the tokenys of armys. or I procede to hit: is shewed whatt maner of tokeny a gentyƚƚ man may weer.

A gentilman mai not weer tokynys of armys bot of steinīg colowre. that is to say his cootarmure ynyat or ellis I geratt with preciouse stonys

Gerattyng haue.ix. bagges of cootarmuris. First with croslettis. and of theym ther be.iiij dyuerse. and tho bene theys Cros fixyly. Cros paty Cros croslettis. and Cros flory
¶ The secunde bage is flowre delyce.
¶ The threde baage is roslettys
¶ The fowrith baage is prymarose.
¶ The fifthe baage is quynfolis.
¶ The sexthe baage is diaclys
¶ The seuenith baage is chappelettys
¶ The.viij. baage is Molettys.
¶ And the.ix. baage is Cressauntis that is to say halfe the moone. theys be powderygis of cootarmuris.

¶ The fifthe quadrate is calde Endently of.iij. diu̇se weis that is to say bebally lentally and fyesly.
¶ Bebally is calde ī armys whan a cotearmure is calde Endentyde of.ij. dyuerse colowris in the length of the cotearmure
¶ Lentalli is calde in armys whan y^e cootarmure is Endentid with.ij. dyuerse colowris in the berde of the cootarmure
¶ Fyesly is called in armys.iij. manere weys Fesybagy fesy target and fesy generaƚƚ.

Fesy bagy is whan tokenys of armys be disseiuered from the cheef of the cotearmure to the right spleyer in the feelde

¶ Fesy target is whan a scogion̄ or an engislet is made in the mydduƚƚ of the cootarmure.
¶ Fesy generaƚƚ is calde in armys whan the cootarmure is Endentid with.ij. dyuerse colouris from the laste poynt of the cootarmure to the spleyer
The chefe is calde in armys the myddys of the cootarmure of the right syde.
Quadrat is calde in armys whan the felde is set with sum tokyn of armys.
¶ A quadrant finaƚƚ is called in armys whan the felde is discolourid with tokenis of armys hauyng no beest in the felde.

A Quadrant Royaƚƚ is calde whan the feelde occupyeth y^e token of a beest or ony other tokyn set with in the coōtarmure to the nowmbre of fiue.

¶ The first quadrant is oon tokyn of armys allonli sett and whatt after his byrthe he beerith.

¶ The secunde quadrant Royaƚƚ is beryng in his cootarmur iij. thyngꝭ calde the tokenys of armys. that is to say iij. flowredelice in fylcyals.iij. rosis.iij. chapplettis iij. lebardis.iij. lyonys. and so the.iiij. quadrat Royaƚƚ is to bere a beest Raunpande: bebaly. lentally. and fessely.

Here Shall Be Shewed What Cootarmuris restrẏal Ben and Weer the Blaser Shall begẏn to Blase

Thre cootarmuris be ther called restryaƚƚ in armys. Oon is whan a cootarmure is barri of dyuerse colowris to the poynt. and what colowre the poynt be of. the poynt is the felde. Ther the blaser shaƚƚ begynne.

¶ The secunde cootarmure restriaƚƚ is calde ī armys whan a cootarmure is paly of dyuerse colouris to the poynt. & whatt pale medyƚƚ in the poynt y^t coloure is the felde The blaaser shaƚƚ blase from that colowre to the next coloure pale.

¶ The threde cootarmure restriaƚƚ is calde in armys whan a cootarmure is sentry of dyuerse colowris to the poynt and whatt settre mydyƚƚ in the poynt y^t colowre is the felde. The blaseyr shaƚƚ blase from y^t colowre to the next colowre of the lefte side of the cootarmure and blase the colowre sentri.

Merke What Sentre Fixal Mangis Gorgis & Other Diuerse Here Now folowẏng Be Calde ī armẏs

¶ A Sentre in armys is called stakar of tentis.
¶ Fixiaƚƚ be called in armys mylner pykes.
¶ Mangys be called in armys a sleue.
¶ Gorgys be called in armys water bulgees.
¶ Elynellis be calde in armys.iiij. quadrantis truncholis.
¶ Oglys be calde in armys gonestonys.
¶ Tortlettis be calde in armys wasteƚƚ.
¶ Diaclys be called in armys scopprellys.
¶ Myrris be calde in armys merowris or glasses.
¶ Feons be calde in armys brode arow hedys.
¶ Tronkys be calde in armys any bestys hede or neck Ikytt chagikli a sonder.
¶ Demy is calde in armys halfe a best in the felde.
¶ Countretreuis is calde in armys whan halfe the beest is of oon coloure and that other halfe of an other coloure

¶ Eny cotarmure that berith a crosse to the poynt: the poynte is the felde. as Seynt George berith gollis fowre anglettis of Siluer. bot ayens this rule sum blaseris of armys repungne as hit is shewed in the boke foloyng.

¶ Theis.iij. termys. of. and. with shaƚƚ not be rehersed in armys bot onys any of thaym

¶ Ther Be Diuerse berẏngẏs of feeldẏs

Dyuerse beryngis of feeldis ther be ¶ Oon is beryng hole felde. hit is clepyd in armys claury
¶ The secūde is berīg too feldis. hit is calde ī armis Coūċli
¶ The threde is beryng too feldis in.iiij. quarteris: hit is calde in armys quarily

¶ Ther bene.iii. Cote armurẏs grẏttẏ

Thre cootarmuris grytty ther bene in armys. Oon is called checky that is whan the felde is chekerd with diu̇se colouris

¶ The secunde is calde wyndi that is to say whan the felde is made like wawis of oon coloure or of diuerse colouris

¶ The threde is calde werry whan the felde is made like gobolettys of dyuerse colowris.

In armẏs Be Ii. pinẏonẏs. Also It shewẏs Wat clawrẏ cownterlẏ and quarterlẏ Bene With Other

¶ Ther be in armys calde.ij. pynyonys Oon is whan the feeld his a sawtri. Seynt andrewys crosse may be clauri counterly quarterly. Clawri is called playn of oon coloure. Cownterly is whan colowris quarterly be.ij. colowris sett in.ij. quarteris

¶ The secunde pynyon̄ is called cheffrounce that is a couple of sparis. and that may be claury counterly quarterli gereri and byally.

¶ Gereri is whan.iij. cheffrounce be to gedur or moo.

¶ Byaƚƚ is called whan a barre is be twene.ij. cheffrounce

Here endeth the mooste speciaƚƚ thyngys of the boke of the lynage of Coote armuris and how gentylmen shaƚƚ be knowyn from vngentylmen. and now here foloyng begynnyth the boke of blasyng of aƚƚ maṅ armys: ī latyn french & Englisħ

¶ Explicit prima pars.

Notes

5. In the slang of thieves to steal is to nim at this day.