Index.
Abbeys, 505-7, 526.
Advowson, 325, 506. (See also Presentment.)
Agistors, 488.
Aids (feudal), 72, 80-2, 275, 276-7, 292, 301-6, 308.
Aids (general), 277-81.
Alexander II. (King of Scots), 252, 537, 541-3.
Aliens. (See Foreigners.)
Allegiance, 474, 477-8.
Amercements, 88, 141, 334-351, 530-3.
Anglo-Saxon period, 5, 7, 9.
Anselm, 21, 226, 239, 249.
Anson, Sir William R., 127 n., 292 n., 298 n.
Appeal (to a higher court), 10, 14.
Appeal (or accusation), 108, 160, 161, 371, 418, 425-7, 527-30.
Arbitrary imprisonment. (See Imprisonment.)
Aristotle, 6.
Arthur (John’s nephew), 219, 243, 516, 540 n.
Articles of the Barons, 39, 44-5, 143, 151, 171, 200-2, 223, 230, 232, 252, 277, 279, 292, 332, 350, 355, 363, 436, 438, 443, 444, 452, 524, 526, 531, 535-6, 549, 561; text of, 570.
Ashford v. Thornton, 426-7.
Assize (different meanings of), 320 n.
Assize of Arms, 15.
Assize of Clarendon, 14, 74, 107, 160, 293 n., 397-8, 399, 431, 432, 436.
Assize of Measures, 371, 414-7.
Assize of Northampton, 107, 160, 243, 319 n., 324, 327 n., 370, 397.
Assize of Wine, 415-7.
Assize of Woodstock, 337 n., 483, 484, 487, 496, 497 n., 498, 499.
Assize (Grand), 109, 162, 321-3, 324, 325, 406, 407-8, 411, 412.
Assizes (Petty), 109, 111, 162-3, 176, 317-33, 407, 412. (See also Justice of Assize.)
Attainder, 74, 401.
Bailiffs, 358, 372, 376, 385, 392, 393, 430, 431, 432 n., 435, 467, 502.
Barons, (legal position of), 103, 152, 229, 232, 236, 293, 295-7, 346-9, 474.
Barons (John’s and Henry’s)— their motives, 59, 64, 139-140, 140 n., 143, 469-70, 534, 543-5; their grievances, 58-112, 229, 262-3, 307, 492, 495, 503-4, 507; their policy, 62, 82-3, 107, 111, 144, 148, 165, 173, 452; their various factions, 220-1.
Barons’ War (against Henry III.), 147, 168, 471.
Barony, 76, 232, 235-6. (See also Honour.)
Barrington (Hon. Daines), 209, 245 n., 256-7.
Bateson, Miss Mary, 68-9, 285 n.
Battle. (See Trial by combat.)
Becket (Thomas à), 15, 224, 225, 294.
Bémont, Charles, 207, 210-1, 565 n.
Bench. (See King’s Bench and Common Pleas.)
Benefit of clergy. (See Clergy.)
Bigelow, M. M., 316 n., 408, 430 n., 438 n., 441 n.
Bishops, 366, 379, 382, 498, 515 n.; as holders of baronies, 22, 76, 83, 238, 248, 294; election of, 22, 23, 166, 226-7, 251-2; Crown’s wardship over, 76, 117, 121, 224, 225, 249, 250, 506; pay scutage, 87; no relief, 238-9, 249.
Blackstone, Sir William, 47, 50 n., 53, 58, 65, 72 n., 78, 89, 130, 134, 169 n., 171, 175 n., 179 n., 182 n., 197, 198, 199, 201, 206, 209, 248 n., 259 n., 319 n., 328 n., 386 n., 403 n., 419, 437 n., 448 n., 502, 551 n.
Blench tenure in Scotland, 69 n.
Bloodfeud, 334-5, 418.
Boroughs, 277-80, 284, 291, 376, 415, 468-9; privileges of, 26, 284, 415, 468; obligations of, 376.
Bot, 335.
Boutmy, Émile, 120.
Bouvines (Battle of), 37.
Bracton, 80 n., 244, 253, 259 n., 272, 345, 348, 383, 396 n., 399, 418 n., 422, 481 n., 527 n., 529.
Bréauté, Falkes de, 176, 521, 522.
Bridges, obligation to repair, 352-8.
Briwere, William, 181, 184.
Burgage tenure, 69-70, 76, 427-9.
Burgess, 136, 252. (See also Merchant.)
Burke, Edmund, 156 n.
Canonical election, 22-3, 28, 39, 506. (See also Bishops.)
Capitulary of Kiersey, 73.
Carta de foresta. (See Forest.)
Cartae (of 1166), 15.
Castellans. (See Constables.)
Castles, private, 10, 176, 179, 258, 516, 523, 560.
Castles, royal, 176, 268-9, 390-1, 393.
Central government, problem of, 16-20.
Champions, in duel, 527; king’s, 68.
Chancery, 16, 108, 401; Court of, 312, 476-7.
Charter, John’s Great: date when sealed, 48, 564 n.; its prototypes, 113-23; historical antecedents, 4-5, 7, 58-112, 123, 210-1; historical sequel to, 164-93; its form, 123-9, 182; its contents and characteristics, 129-44; how far a baronial manifesto, 133-9; its value, 144-50; its defects, 150-4, 186, 187, 413, 504, 554-61; its traditional interpretations, 154-63, 437; how far declaratory, 130-2, 364-5, 405; its relations to Henry II.’s, reforms, 123, 130, 131-2, 318, 320-8, 363, 398, 439, 449; how far reactionary, 132-3, 406, 409, 413, 449; its practical nature, 144, 153 n., 437; its attitude towards Church and clergy, 139, 222-7, 250, 474-7, 506; towards boroughs and traders, 50, 140, 277-81, 284-91, 463-73; towards tenants of mesne lords, 139-40, 301-6, 410-1, 478-81, 543-5; towards lower classes, 133-5, 141, 508-9; towards villeins, 133, 141-3; its sanction, 137-8, 150-1, 152-3, 165, 187, 193, 547-61; variations from Articles of Barons, 50, 139, 140, 151, 223, 252, 277, 279, 292, 332-3, 350, 363, 436, 512, 524, 526, 536-7; exaggerated estimates of, 144, 146, 149, 155-7, 275, 292, 437; manuscripts of, 194-200; restored by Prince Louis, 194-200. (See also Table of Contents.)
Charter, Henry III.’s first reissue (1216), 57, 165, 227, 382 n., 388, 392, 405, 432, 506; its additions, 240-1, 250, 252, 258, 264, 290, 470, 506; its omissions, 166-9, 270, 274, 351, 355, 385, 474, 500, 504, 508; its respiting clause, 168-9, 172, 355 n., 508, 514; on wardship, 240-1, 248, 250, 506; on rights of Church and clergy, 250, 351, 474; on marriage, 252; on quarantine, 258; on debtors, 264, 382 n.; on Jews, 270, 274; on aids and scutages, 276, 283, 301, 304, 305; on merchants, 470.
Charter, Henry III.’s second reissue (1217), 142, 151, 388, 391, 392, 410 n., 514, 545; its omissions, 151, 175, 382 n.; its additions, 142, 172-179, 355-6, 391, 432-3, 444, 448, 480, 506, 545; its reactionary side, 173-4, 177; on widows’ rights, 255, 258, 382 n.; on scutages, 172-3, 276, 283-4, 300; on petty assizes, 326, 327, 327-8, 333; on villeins, 343, 448, 449 n.; on clergy, 351; text of, 580.
Charter, Henry III.’s third reissue (1225), 168 n., 181, 183, 184, 228, 364, 410 n., 506 n., 508, 509; its additions, 181-2, 228-9, 382 n.; marks final form of Magna Carta, 183, 206; its price, 182, 228-9.
Charter of Liberties of Henry I., 35, 58, 115-8, 219, 230, 239, 242-3, 336 n., 337, 385 n., 494, 544; the model of Magna Carta, 35, 39, 58, 113, 123; its tenor, 117-8, 242-3, 494; on marriage, 253, 261; on wardships, 242-3, 249, 250; text of, 565.
Charter of Henry II., 121-2; text of, 568.
Charter of Stephen, 77 n., 119, 120, 219, 385 n., 494 n.; text of, 567.
Charter of Liberties (the so-called “unknown charter”). (See Schedule of Grievances.)
Chase, 492.
Chatham, Lord, 133.
Chattels, 262-4, 271, 377, 385, 444 n.; of felons’, 371, 384 n., 395-9; of intestates, 166, 383-4, 385 n.
Church, (English), Henry II.’s struggle with, 15; relations to State, 20, 23, 27, 226, 379; relations to Rome, 20, 21, 27, 167 n., 227, 228 n., 474; freedom of, 22-23, 50, 117, 120, 138, 166, 217, 222-5, 564-5; national character of, 21, 224 n.; question of investitures, 21-2; canonical election (see Bishops); influence ofc_601.18'>of church on Charter, 50, 145, 223, 382-4, 474; relations to Crown, 116, 220, 227, 474; relations to John, 61, 62, 139; relations to barons, 62; relations to lower classes, 61-2; its wealth, 178-9, 379. (See also Clergy.)
Clergy, 167 n., 349-51, 417, 474; Benefit of, 23, 121, 122, 138, 139, 224, 253 n., 515 n.
Cnut, 7, 17, 18, 484.
Coinage, private, 10.
Coke, Sir Edward (Chief Justice), 66, 70 n., 79 n., 133, 141, 156, 157, 183, 208, 211, 221, 236, 241 n., 246 n., 252 n., 256, 259, 329 n. 338 n., 345, 364 n., 370 n., 371 n., 396, 401, 406 n., 410 n., 442, 445, 447, 448, 463, 476, 530, 544; his unhistorical method, 208, 447.
Combat. (See Trial by combat.)
Comitatus, 238 n., 317 n. (See Shire, Shire Court, and also Earldom.)
Commissions of Justices, 329-331.
Committee of Executors. (See Executors.)
Common Law, 433 n.; growth of, 15.
Common Pleas, 109, 111, 308-17; Court of, 14, 109, 177, 311-5.
Commons (House of), 156 n., 191, 554.
Commune Concilium, 81, 82, 110, 124, 150, 166, 167, 173, 188, 190, 274-284, 291-301, 348, 450 n., 453, 557; functions of, 151-2, 174, 192, 298-300, 557; composition of, 293-8.
Commune, 138, 286-9, 553-4.
Commune of London. (See London.)
Compurgation, 103, 104, 432.
Confirmatio Cartarum, 85, 185, 281.
Constables, 269, 270, 358, 368-70, 387-8, 390-1, 456 n., 486 n., 502-5.
Constitutional development in England, 3, 60, 143-4, 173, 188, 192, 556.
Constitutions of Clarendon, 23, 225, 238 n., 248, 350 n., 474.
Contenement, 334, 339, 345-6, 347.
Conviction, 391-401, 415.
Coronation, 119, 218, 220; oath, 114, 115, 116, 122, 131.
Coroner, 20, 358, 362, 370-2, 415 n.
Copyhold, 65.
Cotton, Sir Robert, 195, 196-7.
Council of St. Alban’s (1213), 34, 123, 365, 503.
Council of Oxford (1213), 36.
Councils, Lateran. (See Lateran.)
County, 18, 366, 368, 372-5, 431. (See also Firma Comitatus.)
County Court, 13, 94, 99, 103, 177, 261, 319, 331-2; to appoint twelve Knights to reform abuses, 51, 511, 513; to appoint Knights for assizes, 327-8.
Courts, three rival systems of, 94-112.
Courts, Christian, 121, 379, 384-5.
Courts, local, 94, 99, 106. (See also County and Hundred.)
Courts, private, 60, 64, 95-7.
Courts, royal, 14, 93-112, 308-9, 319. (See Curia Regis, Chancery, Common Pleas, Exchequer, King’s Bench.)
Creasy, Sir Edward, 133-4, 212, 437 n., 446 n.
Creditors, 262-6, 271, 273-4, 316-7. (See also Jews.)
Criminal Law, 107-8, 334-7, 360, 361-3, 398-401, 420-7, 446, 453-5. (See also Pleas of the Crown.)
Crown: relation to feudatories, 10; title to, 9, 113, 217, 219. (See also Pleas of the Crown.)
Crusaders, 523-6, 535.
Curia Regis, 13, 14, 63, 71, 97, 106, 109, 115, 190, 191, 219, 220, 294, 309, 311, 451.
Customs, 445, 465, 468-9, 512, 543.
Cygony, Engelard de, 486 n., 503, 518-21.
Darrein presentment. (See Presentment.)
David I., King of Scots, 538.
Debtors, 262-6, 269, 271, 273-4, 316-7, 376-8.
Dialogus de Scaccario, 75, 136, 231 n., 232 n., 240, 263 n., 264 n., 295 n., 303 n., 338 n., 384 n., 480 n.
Dicey (Prof. A. V.), 148.
Disparagement, 250-2, 541.
Disseisin, 142, 323, 324, 444, 448, 526.
Disseisin (novel), 317, 323-4, 326.
Domesday Book, 12.
“Dominus” (meaning of), 218.
Dower, 255-6, 260, 273-4, 531.
Duellum. (See Trial by Combat.)
Dunstan, 17, 20, 114, 116.
Dymoke (Family of), 68.
Ealdormen, 10, 17, 18.
Earldoms, Anglo-Saxon, 9; Norman, 236-8.
Earls, 10, 18, 103, 152, 229, 232, 237, 293, 317 n., 346-9, 366, 474.
Earls Palatine, 9, 18, 78 n.
Edward Confessor, 7, 9, 18, 113; his laws confirmed, 33, 39, 118, 130, 131, 145, 503.
Edward I., 85, 176, 271, 298, 307-8, 315, 356, 365 n., 366 n., 411, 412-3, 471, 510, 523, 543, 556-7; his reforms, 186-193; his attitude to the Charter, 186, 189, 412-3; his attitude to the Church, 227; his Parliaments, 189-192; his Inspeximus of the Charter, 198, 205, 206, 232 n., 352 n.
Edward II., 472, 501, 510.
Edward III., 281, 357, 389, 472, 475, 510.
Election; meaning of word, 328; principle of, 25, 51, 176, 327-8; of knights to reform abuses, 51, 511; in relation to kingship, 219-220; of jurors, 327-8.
England, growth of a united, 4, 6; unification of, 7.
English church. (See Church.)
English law. (See Law.)
English monarchy. (See Monarchy.)
Escheat, 73-5, 179, 394-7, 478-81.
Estovers, 254, 258-9, 399, 496.
Exchequer, 11-12, 13, 14, 19, 63, 171, 172, 196, 262, 264, 311, 316 n.; Court of, 311-2, 316-7.
Executive, two types of, 5.
Executors of Charter, 51, 53, 513, 525, 532, 534, 543-561.
Eyres. (See Justices of Eyre.)
Falconry. (See Fowling.)
Fee-farm, 67, 70, 427-9.
Felony, 73, 74, 371, 384 n., 394-401.
Feudal aids. (See Aids.)
Feudal anarchy, 7, 10, 13, 16, 60, 148, 409.
Feudal grievances, 58-112, 145, 409.
Feudalism in England, 8, 9, 10, 64-5, 66, 70, 409.
Feudal incidents, 72-80, 308. (See also Reliefs, Escheats, Wardships, Marriages, Primer Seisins, and Fines for Alienations.)
Feudal jurisdictions. (See under Jurisdictions and under Courts.)
Feudal obligations, 64-93, 138-9, 166, 230, 308. (See also Services, Incidents, and Aids.)
Feudal services, 15, 64, 65, 71, 82-6, 234, 306-8.
Feudal tenures. (See Tenures.)
Fictions (legal), 81, 317 n., 412-3.
Fines, 90-1, 245, 261, 307, 337, 461, 493, 498, 530-3; differ from amercements, 337, 344-5.
Fines for alienations, 79-80.
Firma burgi, 284, 285, 376, 519.
Firma comitatus, 166, 372-6, 519.
Fishing, 357-8, 403-4.
Fitz Aylwin, Henry, 41.
Fitz Peter, Geoffrey, 36.
Fitz Walter, Robert, 30, 31, 41, 446, 507 n., 517, 551.
Flambard, Ralph, 10, 71, 234, 238, 239, 242, 249.
Foreigners, 140, 145, 290-1, 440, 465-73, 474.
Foreign service, 85-6, 154, 307-8.
Forest Charters, 53, 171, 175, 181, 184, 185, 337 n., 356, 485, 487, 495, 496, 497 n., 499, 501.
Forest Courts, 482, 489-92, 497-8.
Foresters, 34, 485-9, 497, 499-501, 502 n., 503, 508-9.
Forests, 166, 368, 482-502, 507-14, 526; protests by prelates anent, 52; boundaries of, 184, 185, 507-11.
Fowling, King’s rights of, 353-8, 507-8.
Frankalmoin, 67, 70, 307, 350.
Freedom, problem of, 4-5.
Freehold, 65-71, 445.
Freeman, Prof., 71, 86, 87, 114, 115 n., 219, 234.
Freeman, defined, 135-7, 228-9, 338 n., 352 n., 448; rights of, 334, 338-40, 392, 405, 436, 440.
Free socage. (See Socage.)
Fyrd, 15, 352.
Glanvill, 74, 80, 230 n., 233 n., 344 n., 345, 383, 395-6, 406, 408 n., 428 n., 429 n., 441 n., 504, 528, 529.
Gneist, Dr. Rudolf, 129-130, 134, 145 n., 212, 442 n., 450, 557-8.
Godwin, 18.
Government. (See Local government.)
Grand Assize. (See Assize.)
Grand Jury. (See Jury.)
Great Charter. (See Charter.)
Great Serjeanties. (See Serjeanties.)
Green, John Richard, 26, 134.
Grey, John de, 28.
Gross, Dr. Charles, 362 n.
Gualo (papal legate), 56, 57, 164, 170, 171.
Guardian, 259. (See also Wardship)
Guilds, 466, 470, 473.
Habeas corpus. (See Writ of.)
Hall, Hubert, 85 n., 173 n., 203-4, 464-5 n.
Hallam, Henry, 78, 134, 135, 243, 328, 364, 389, 437 n., 458, 460, 532.
Hardell (William), Mayor of London, 289 n., 551.
Harold, King, 9.
Hawking. (See Fowling.)
Henry I., 7, 11-12, 19, 21, 116, 117, 219, 230, 242, 243, 494; his achievements, 10-12; relations to church, 21, 22, 224, 226, 239; scutage under, 87; charter to Jews, 269; charter to London, 285-6; Charter of liberties. (See Charter.)
Henry II., 7, 13-16, 249, 294, 295, 313, 384 n., 478, 494, 497, 538; achievements of, 13-15, 59, 158; institutes new system of procedure, 14, 107-112, 319, 325, 361, 407; his policy, 106-7, 366-7, 466; invents writ process, 108, 406-9; opposes the hereditary principle, 19; discourages trial by combat, 108, 161, 162, 320-2, 419-20; attacks the private jurisdictions, 106, 322 n., 406-9, 432, 455; relations to church, 22-3, 122, 224, 225, 249; takes aids, 81; his levy of scutage, 81, 86, 87, 88, 172; lays foundations of trial by jury, 158-163; Charter to London, 286; opens royal courts to all freeholders, 14, 93-4, 97-8, 106, 411, 460. (See also Charter.)
Henry III., 147, 164, 168, 271, 305, 314, 358, 384 n., 452, 461, 471, 474, 507, 509-10, 556; his advisers accept the Charter, 57, 187; takes aids, 81; takes scutages, 174-5, 304; his attitude to Magna Carta, 164, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186-7, 471, 507, 509; his alliance with Rome, 167 n., 227, 228, 384 n.; declared of age, 180, 183. (See also under Charter.)
Honorius III., 180, 181.
Honours, 10, 71, 232, 235-6; Courts of, 10.
Hostages, 30, 514-8, 536, 541, 560.
Hoveden, Roger of, 9, 415, 416.
House of Commons. (See Commons.)
House of Lords. (See Lords.)
Hubert de Burgh, 44, 51, 57, 170, 180, 182 n., 183, 290, 542 n., 559.
Hubert, Walter (Archbishop), 25, 27, 132, 361, 380 n., 404, 411 n.
Hundred, 94, 96, 372-4, 431; court of, 13, 94, 99, 159.
Imprisonment (arbitrary), 156, 457-9.
Incidents. (See Feudal incidents.)
Indictment, 108, 160, 364, 398-9, 431, 436.
Innocent III., 28, 31, 40, 42, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 61, 62, 85, 182, 222, 516, 541, 561.
Innocent IV., 227.
Inquest of Service (1212), 29, 89-90, 91-2, 172.
Inquest of Sheriffs. (See Sheriffs.)
Inquisitio, principle of. (See Recognitio.)
Interest, 265-6, 310. (See also Jews and Usury.)
Interregnum, 116.
Investitures (struggle of), 21-2.
James I., 72 n., 387, 394, 475.
Jarls (Danish), 18.
Jews, 166, 171, 175, 256, 262-74, 305, 310, 384 n., 435, 439-40.
Joan (John’s natural daughter), 29, 30.
John; his title to Crown, 217-220; his excessive exactions, 26-7; his levies of scutage, 86-93; his charters to English Church, 39, 41, 63, 77, 139, 226, 227, 249; to London, 41, 288-9, 404, 470; to Jews, 269; meets barons at Runnymede, 43, 46; takes Crusader’s vow, 40; his relations with national Church, 39, 44, 61, 62, 249; with Rome, 28-9, 36, 61, 62, 63, 91; his surrender to Innocent, 31-2, 36; asks Innocent to annul charter, 53, 182; his treatment of Welsh hostages, 30, 514-8; his death, 57. (See also Charter.)
Judges (King’s), 108, 109, 225, 358, 416, 502-5.
Judgment (in medieval law), 101, 103-5.
Judgment of peers. (See Peers).
Jurisdiction, royal, 14, 93-112, 169 n., 309. (See also Courts.)
Jurisdictions, private, 10, 14-15, 93-112, 169 n., 406-9. (See also Courts.)
Jury, trial by, 25, 456-7; relation to recognitio, 106, 159; relation to writ de odio, 108, 161, 420-1; relation to Magna Carta, 158-163, 419-21.
Jury (of accusation or presenting jury), 158, 159-160, 431.
Jury (civil), 158, 161-3.
Jury (grand), 158, 160.
Jury (petty), 158, 161, 420-1, 457.
Justice, three systems of, 93-9, 313, 328, 360 n. (See also Courts and Jurisdictions.)
Justices (King’s). (See Judges.)
Justices of the Peace, 20, 331, 367.
Justices, itinerant (or of Eyre), 12, 13, 19, 20, 318-9, 329, 361.
Justices of Assize, 176, 177, 318, 319-20, 329-331, 332; commissions of, 329-331.
Kiersey, capitulary of, 73.
King’s Bench, 14, 109, 311-2, 313, 314-5, 348.
Knight’s fee, 83, 92, 233, 277 n., 306.
Knight’s service, 66, 67, 68, 70, 71, 233, 427-8.
Kydells. (See Weirs.)
Lanfranc, 21, 116.
Lateran Council (1099), 21.
Lateran Council (1215), 55, 161, 399, 432.
Law (English), development of, 14.
Law (lex), technical meaning of, 102, 161, 430, 440-1. (See also Trial.)
Leasehold, 65-6.
Legal fictions. (See Fictions.)
Legal procedure. (See Procedure.)
Leofric, 18.
Letters testimonial, 50; text of, 563 n.
Littleton, 66, 68, 69, 70 n., 233 n., 252, 428.
Llywelyn, 29, 536.
Local Government (problem of), 16-20.
London, 42, 56, 57, 119, 140, 270, 274-5, 284-91, 340, 404-5, 467, 470-3; City and Tower granted by John in security, 51, 560; taxation of, 274-5, 277-81; John’s charters to, 41, 288-9, 404, 470.
Longchamp, 63.
Lords (House of), 237, 455-6.
Louis (son of King Philip of France), 56, 165, 170.
Macy, Prof. Jesse, 127 n.
Magna Carta. (See Charter.)
Maitland, Prof. F. W., 95 n., 98 n., 128 n, 144 n., 153 n., 207, 362 n., 456.
Manors, 10, 71, 141, 342, 352 n., 393; on royal demesne, 372, 376.
Manorial courts, 10, 93, 96, 106. (See also Courts and Jurisdictions.)
Marriage, feudal incident of, 66, 68, 69, 77-8, 250-3, 260-1.
Maritagium, 254-7, 531.
Marshal (William, earl Marshal), 39, 44, 215, 216, 507, 559; a mediator between King and barons, 39, 40, 43, 559; acts as Regent, 164, 165, 170, 171, 180, 184, 201, 299.
Matilda (daughter of Henry I.), 12-13, 118, 162.
Mayor of London, 288, 289, 290, 551.
Medley (Prof. D. J.), 295 n., 296, 327 n., 564 n.
Mercenaries, 15, 30, 39, 165, 166, 261, 391, 522-3.
Merchants, 61, 63, 140, 145, 334, 340-1, 402, 415, 416, 440, 463-73, 474.
Ministerial responsibility, 25, 150, 188, 192, 298, 505.
Minorities (Rights of), 299-300.
Mirror of Justices, 207, 357 n., 431 n., 434.
Monarchy, two types of, 5.
Monarchy (English), 60, 409; growth of, 4, 6, 12, 13, 15, 18, 20; strength of, 7, 12, 15, 16, 24, 59; weakness of, under Anglo-Saxons, 16, 20; functions of, 94, 97.
Monopolies, 140, 156, 445-6, 469, 470-5.
Montfort (Simon de), 188, 189.
Moore, Stuart A. and H. S., 358, 403 n.
Mort d’ancestor, 317, 324, 333 n., 426.
Municipalities. (See Boroughs.)
Nationality (conception of), 149, 156.
National unity in England, growth of, 6, 149; forces opposed to, 7.
Neilson, George, 321 n., 527 n., 528 n.
Nicholas (Papal legate), 36, 227, 365.
Norgate, Miss Kate, 36, 49 n., 50 n., 58 n., 90 n., 92 n., 212, 288, 374 n., 559.
Norman Conquest, 5, 9, 20, 71, 105, 115, 158, 321, 366, 484.
Norman period and rule, characteristics of 5, 7.
Novel disseisin. (See Disseisin.)
Oligarchic elements in England, 5.
Ordeal, 74, 102, 103, 104, 161, 399, 415, 430-3, 528-9.
Original writs. (See Writs.)
Outlaws, 74, 446, 473-4.
Parliament, 150, 173, 185-6, 188, 190, 294, 557; rights of, 81; functions of, 174, 190-1, 298; composition of, 190.
Parliamentary taxation. (See Taxation.)
Parliamentary Representation. (See Representation.)
Palatine earldoms. (See Earls.)
Pandulf (Papal legate), 31, 54, 561.
Papal Bull, annulling Charter, 55.
Papal Curia, 28.
Papal interference in England, 21, 28, 32, 54, 56, 182, 227.
Papal legates. (See Gualo, Nicholas, Pandulf.)
Paris, Matthew, 32, 53, 58, 181, 293 n., 300-1, 453, 543 n., 550, 559, 561 n.
Parks, 247, 492.
Peasantry. (See Villeins.)
Peers, 103, 152, 216 n., 346-9.
Peers (Judgment of), 158 n., 346, 436, 438-40, 449-50 n., 452-6, 523.
Peter des Roches (Bishop of Winchester), 36-7, 51, 54, 58, 180, 183, 215, 300, 452, 503.
Peter of Wakefield, 30.
Petition of Barons (1258), 232 n., 252, 333 n., 430, 481, 507.
Petty Assize. (See Assize.)
Petty Jury. (See Jury.)
Petty Serjeanty. (See Serjeanty.)
Philip (King of France), 31, 33, 37, 56, 470.
Pike, L. O., 152 n., 295 n., 313, 347, 348 n., 442 n., 444 n., 449-50 n., 456, 457 n.
Pipe Rolls, 11.
Pleas. (See Common pleas.)
Pleas of the Crown, 107, 109, 111, 112, 310, 314-5, 359-363, 370-1, 398; in Scots law, 360.
Pleas of the forest, 368.
Pollock, Sir Frederic, 310.
Pope, 61, 79 n., 164, 167 n., 227. (See Papal, also Honorius and Innocent.)
Presentment (darrein), 176-7, 225, 317, 325, 326, 333.
Primer seisin, 78-9, 248, 254.
Privy Council, 191.
Procedure (legal), 14, 99-112; Henry II.’s reforms, 14, 106-112.
Proof (in medieval law), 102-3; (See also Trial.)
Protests by the prelates in John’s favour, 52, 560-1; text of, 579.
Prothero, G. W., 85 n., 117 n., 125 n., 131-2, 139-140, 149 n., 154 n., 175 n., 203, 212 n., 228 n., 448.
Provisions of Oxford (1258), 187, 504.
Purprestures, 495.
Purveyance, 142, 369, 386-90, 392-4.
Quarantine (Widow’s), 258.
Queen’s gold, 232.
Ramsay, Sir James, 92 n., 212, 225 n., 243 n., 375 n., 394 n.
Recognitio (principle of), 34, 105-6, 159, 160, 162, 323, 325, 512.
Reeves, John, 209-210, 257, 340 n., 447 n., 450.
Regarders, 484, 490, 491.
Regency, 164, 169.
Relief (feudal incident of), 68, 69, 73, 117, 179, 239-241, 249, 276 n.; not due from bishop-elect, 117, 238-9; not due after wardship, 239; definition of sums due, 230-3.
Representation, principle of, 25, 34, 36, 160, 190, 192, 297-8; parliamentary, 292, 297-8.
Responsibility. (See Ministerial.)
Restoration (The), 66, 67, 248, 387, 502.
Richard I., 24-6, 63, 81, 89, 148, 231, 286, 539; lessons of his reign, 25-6.
Richard II., 473.
Roches (Peter des). (See Peter.)
Roger, bishop of Salisbury, 11, 119.
Roger of Hoveden. (See Hoveden.)
Roger of Wendover. (See Wendover.)
Rolls. (See Pipe Rolls.)
Rome. (See Pope and Papal.)
Round, John Horace, 71, 85 n., 87, 88, 92, 95 n., 119, 121 n., 202-3, 225 n., 234, 285-7, 324 n.
Royal justice. (See Courts and Jurisdiction.)
Royal writs. (See Writs.)
Runnymede, 43-5, 53, 64.
Salisbury, Roger, bishop of. (See Roger.)
Salisbury Plain, oath of homage sworn on, 10.
Schedule of grievances (27 April, 1215), 40, 44-5, 84 n., 202-5, 245, 246, 258 n., 307 n.; text of, 569.
Scotland, 30; relations to England, 537-43; land tenures in, 67, 69 n., 70, 72 n., 80; kings of (see Alexander, David, and William); Princesses Margaret and Isabel of, 537, 539-42.
Scutage, 15, 29, 37, 64, 84 n., 86-93, 172-3, 274-6, 294, 302, 304, 308; grand serjeanties not liable for, 68; in charter of 1215, 274-6, 292; in charter of 1217, 172-3; by sub-tenants, 302.
Scutum. (See Knight’s fee.)
Seal (king’s great), 169, 180, 181, 184.
Seebohm, Frederic, 95 n., 341.
Seisin, 323. (See also Primer Seisin and Disseisin.)
Serjeanty (grand), 67-8, 70, 78 n., 233, 307.
Serjeanty (petty), 68-9, 70, 78 n., 233, 307, 427, 429.
Service. (See under Feudal service, Foreign service, and Knight’s service.)
Sheriff, 10, 11, 12, 13, 18-19, 34, 42, 47, 50, 51, 177, 244, 364, 366-8, 372, 376, 392, 398, 399, 431, 502-5, 511, 513; chief magistrate of county, 18, 366; his powers, 364, 366-7, 376, 399; his gradual decline, 20, 367; his tyrannies, 20, 359, 366 n., 373-5, 377; his “tourn,” 97, 177, 360, 364; his “aid,” 261; not to hold pleas of Crown, 358-72; in Scotland and in America, 367-8.
Sheriffs (inquest of), 19.
Shire. (See County.)
Socage, 66-7, 69, 70, 76, 81, 233, 307, 427-9.
Statutes. (See separate Index to Statutes.)
Stephen (King), 12-13, 19, 118-9, 162, 219, 243; relations to Church, 22, 77 n., 119, 224; his title, 119-120, 219. (See also Charters of.)
Stephen Langton, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 38, 43, 52, 62, 122, 139, 145, 181, 223, 226, 227, 249, 451, 506, 532,542 n., 551; a mediator between king and barons, 39, 40, 50, 52, 54, 513, 524-5, 531, 542 n., 560, 562; influence on substance of Great Charter, 50, 506.
Stubbs, Bishop, 43, 54, 86, 87, 117, 118, 125, 134, 140 n., 143 n., 149, 165 n., 169 n., 170 n., 179 n., 182 n., 184 n., 206, 211, 220 n., 247 n., 257 n., 259, 284-5, 296, 299 n., 351 n., 365 n., 391 n., 430 n., 453 n., 483, 491, 493, 503, 532, 544, 559.
Succession, intestate, 166, 175, 382-5; testate, 376-82.
Suit and service, 72, 82-6.
Suit, at county and hundred courts, 94, 177, 261, 332; at forest courts, 482, 497-8; at lord’s court, 72, 82.
Suit (or forewitnesses), 101-2, 433-4.
Swanimotes, 491.
Synod of Whitby, 7.
Tallage, 140, 142, 270, 272, 277-81, 376.
Taxation, 20, 26-7, 152, 165, 166, 185, 196, 274-284; heavy under Richard, 24-5, 148, 288; common Council’s rights over, 152, 174, 185, 274-284, 298; parliamentary, 281, 281-4.
Taylor, Dr. Hannis, 130, 140, 159 n., 212, 296.
Tenant, 65.
Tenement, 65, 345.
Tenure by barony, 66.
Tenure by castle-ward, 70 n.
Tenure in chivalry. (See Knight’s service.)
Tenures, 95-71. (See also Burgage, Fee-farm, Frankalmoin, Knight’s service, Serjeanty, Socage, Villeinage, also under Freehold.)
Thayer, Prof. J. B., 159 n., 430 n., 433 n., 441 n.
Thomson, Richard, 210, 211.
Tourn. (See Sheriff’s tourn.)
Traders. (See Merchants.)
Treason, 74, 395-7.
Trial (in medieval law), 101, 102-5, 161, 399, 417, 430.
Trial by combat, 103, 105, 108, 109, 161, 162, 320-1, 323, 325, 406, 417-420, 425-7, 433, 527-30.
Trial by jury. (See Jury.)
Turner, G. J., 184 n., 484 n., 509 n.
“Unknown Charter of Liberties.” (See Schedule of Grievances.)
Usury, 262, 265-6, 270, 272, 384 n. (See also Jews.)
Verderers, 368, 487.
Vesci, Richard de, 30, 31, 40, 446, 517, 551.
Vicecomes. (See Sheriff.)
Villeinage, 66, 342, 449.
Villeins, 93, 94-5, 106, 136, 141-3, 143 n., 145, 245, 252, 278, 334, 338 n., 341-4, 393, 410 n., 448, 449 n.; legal status of, 341-3.
Vinogradoff, Prof. Paul, 344 n.
Wales, 29, 30, 533-7.
Wapentake, 94, 160, 372-4.
War, right of private, 10.
Warden, 485-6. (See Constable, also Guardian.)
Wardship, ordinary, 67, 68, 69, 75-7, 78, 117, 142, 179, 239-250, 259, 265, 427-8, 461 n., 526; over vacant sees, 117, 224, 225, 239, 505-7; prerogative, 428-30, 526.
Warrens, 247 n., 492-3, 511.
Waste of ward’s lands, 244-6, 250; of felon’s lands, 394-7; in forests, 495, 496-7.
Watling Street, 7.
Weirs, 357, 402-5.
Welshmen, 30, 440, 533-7.
Wendover (Roger of), 30, 35, 38, 43, 53, 123, 204, 205, 355 n., 550 n., 561 n.
Wer, 335, 336, 340.
Wessex, supremacy of, 7, 17; royal House of, 16, 113.
Westminster, 12, 111, 177, 310, 314, 316, 326, 333.
Whitby, Synod of, 7.
Widow’s rights, 243, 253-261, 273-4, 380, 384, 527.
Wills, 376-82.
William I., 7, 8-10, 12, 16, 21, 71, 83, 106, 115, 116, 191, 234, 507, 514; difficulties and policy of, 8-10, 65; local government under, 16, 18-19; relations to Rome, 21-2; his innovations, 105-6; his title to English Crown, 9, 115.
William II., 10-11, 21, 71, 116, 239, 242, 249; his relations to the church, 21, 238-9, 249.
William the Lion, King of Scots, 252, 538-41.
Witenagemot, 9, 18, 114, 219, 294.
Wites, 335, 336, 337 n.
Witnesses, 102.
Writ de odio et atia, 108, 161, 417-25.
Writ praecipe, 108-9, 405-13.
Writ of habeas corpus, 156, 421-2.
Writ ne exeat regno, 476-7.
Writs (royal), 14, 406, 417, 460.
Writ process, 14, 108, 406-9.