Addenda
Page 5. The assertion by the Continuator of Florence of Worcester that Stephen kept his coronation court “cum totius Angliæ primoribus” has an important bearing on the assertion by Florence that Harold was elected to the throne “a totius Angliæ primatibus.” For this latter phrase is the sheet-anchor upon which Mr. Freeman relies for the fact of Harold’s valid election, and which he is avowedly compelled to strain to the uttermost:—
“He was chosen, not by some small or packed assembly, but by the chief men of the land. And he was chosen, not by this or that shire or earldom, but by the chief men of the whole land.... All this is implied in the weighty and carefully chosen words of Florence” (Norman Conquest (1869), iii. 597).
So also he confidently insists that—
“There can be no doubt that the Witan of Northumberland, no less than the Witan of the rest of England, had concurred in the election of Harold. The expressions of our best authorities declare that the chief men of all England concurred in the choice” (ibid., p. 57).
The only authority given for this assertion is the above statement by Florence that “Harold was ‘a totius Angliæ primatibus ad regale culmen electus.’”
Now, the known authorities from which Florence worked (the Abingdon and Worcester chronicles) “are,” Mr. Freeman admits, “silent about the election.” The fact, therefore, rests on the ipse dixit of Florence (for the words of the Peterborough chronicler are quite general, and, moreover, he is admittedly a partisan), who was, strictly speaking, not a contemporary authority.
Stephen’s election, as Mr. Freeman observes, “can hardly fail to call to our minds” that of Harold, and in the case of Stephen’s accession we have what he himself terms the “valuable contemporary” evidence of the Continuator of Florence.” This evidence, which is better, because more contemporary, than that of Florence as to 1066, is equally precise (vide supra), and might, in the absence of rebutting testimony, be appealed to as confidently as Mr. Freeman appeals to that of Florence. But in this case it is proved, by rebutting evidence, to be worthless, just as it is at Maud’s “reception” in 1141 (see p. 64).
Therefore, we see how dangerous it is to accept such statements, when unsupported, as exact in every detail, and are led to regard the words of Florence as a mere conventional phrase, rather than to hold, as Mr. Freeman insists, that in “no passage in any writer of any age... does every word deserve to be more attentively weighed.”
The caution with which such evidence should be used is one of the chief lessons this work is intended to enforce (see p. 267).
Page 8. There is much confusion as to the charters of liberties issued by Stephen. The “second” charter, as explained in the text, was issued at Oxford in the spring of 1136; the other, commonly termed the “coronation” charter, is found only, it would seem, in the Cottonian MS. Claud. D. II., and has no note of date. Mr. Hubert Hall has been good enough to inform me that the authority of this MS. is first-rate; and, as to the date at which the charter was issued, that of the coronation, there is no doubt, was the most probable. It is important to observe that the oath stated by William of Malmesbury to have been taken by Stephen at his first arrival (and afterwards committed to writing at Oxford) was “de libertate reddenda ecclesiæ et conservanda.” William’s remark that this oath, “postea scripto inditum, loco suo non prætermittam,” proves that he must have looked on the Oxford charter as the record of this oath in writing; for that is the only charter which he gives in his work. This fits in with the fact that the charter assigned to the coronation contains no mention of the Church and her liberties, while the “second” (Oxford) charter is full of them. It would appear, then, that the Oxford charter combined the original oath to the Church with the “coronation” charter to the people at large, at the same time expanding them both in fuller detail.
Page 37. (Cf. p. 354.) It would, perhaps, have been rash to introduce into the text the conjecture that in the first Geoffrey de Mandeville we have the actual “Gosfregth Portirefan” to whom the Conqueror’s charter to the citizens of London was addressed, although the story in the De Inventione, the known connection of the Mandevilles with the shrievalty, and the striking resemblance of the two names (even closer than in “Esegar” and “Ansgar”), all point to the same conclusion.
The association of the custody of the Tower with the shrievalty of London and Middlesex is a point of considerable interest, because in other cases—such as those of Worcestershire, Gloucestershire, Wilts, and Devon—we find the custody of the fortress in the county town and the shrievalty of the shire hereditarily vested in the same hands.
Page 74. The phrase “in regni dominam electa” must, as explained in the text, not be pressed too far, as it may be loosely used. But the parallel is too curious to be passed over.
Page 92. The grant of “excidamenta” confers on Geoffrey the escheatorship of Essex to the exclusion of any Crown officer.
Page 93. The closing clauses of this charter suggest that Geoffrey was even then guarding himself against the consequences of future treason.
Page 103. The grants of knight-service to Geoffrey should be carefully compared with those, by Henry I., to William de Albini “Pincerna,” as recorded in the carta of his fief (Liber Rubeus, ed. Hall, p. 397), and are also illustrated by the charter to Aubrey, p. 189.
Page 112. “Archiepiscopo Cant.” is, of course, a transcriber’s wrong extension for “Arch[idiacono] Cant.”
Page 116. The phrase “senatoribus inclitis, civibus honoratis, et omnibus commune London” may be compared with the “cent partz et a laut poble et comunautat de Baione” on p. 248.
Page 182. The expression “una baronia” should be noted as a very early instance of its use.
Page 189. The name of Abbot Ording dates this charter as between 1148 and 1156 (Memorials of St. Edmundsbury, I. xxxiv.).
Page 190. “Mauricius dapifer” was Maurice de Windsor, steward of the Abbey. For him and for the Cockfield family, see the Camden Society’s edition of Jocelyn de Brakelonde.
“Alanus filius Frodonis” was probably the heir of Frodo, brother to Abbot Baldwin of St. Edmund’s (see Domesday).
Page 205. Compare William of Malmesbury’s criticism on Stephen’s conduct in attacking Lincoln (1140) without due notice: “Iniquum id visum multis,” etc.
Page 235. The transcriber is responsible, of course, for the extension of the king’s style.
Page 242. It is only fair to add that the peculiar strength of the words of inheritance might be held to support the view that hereditary earldoms were a novelty.
Page 267. The charters of Henry II. to certain earls in no way affect my real contention, namely, that no “fiscal” earls were, as is alleged, deprived by him of their earldoms.
Page 275. On the gradual resumption of Crown Lands, see my Ancient Charters, page 47.
Page 286. “Navium applicationibus” (cf. Domesday, 32: “De exitu aquæ ubi naves applicabant”) is a phrase occurring elsewhere as “appulatione navium.” It there equates “theloneum,” and was doubtless a payment for landing-dues. So, “de teloneo dando ad Bilingesgate” is found in the Instituta Londoniæ of Æthelred.
Page 312, note 1. Compare the charge against Harold (in the French life of the Confessor) that he “deners cum usurer amasse.”
Page 314. The occurrence of “salinis” among the general words in this charter is clearly due to the rights of the Beauchamps in Droitwich and its salt-pans.
Page 371. The amount of the firma seems to be determined by an entry in the Pipe-Roll of 15 Hen. II. (page 169), which makes it £500 “blanch,” plus a varying sum of about £20 “numero.”
Page 372. Henry’s jealousy of the Londoners might also be due, in part, to their steadfast support of Stephen and opposition to his mother. His restriction of clauses (1) and (10) to lands within the walls is illustrated by a citizen having to pay, in 1169 (Rot. Pip. 15 Hen. II., p. 173), “ut placitet contra W. de R. in civitate Lund’ de terra de Eggeswera” (Edgware), as a special favour.
INDEX.
A
Abetot, Geoffrey d’, 314
————, Urse d’, 314, 315
Abingdon Abbey, its treasury robbed, 213;
its troubles, 415, 416;
its delegate, 384
———— ————, Ingulf, abbot of, 265, 415
Adeliza, Queen (wife of Henry I.), her “election,” 74, 439;
marries Henry I., 429;
William de Albini, 319, 322, 323;
dowered by Henry I., 322, 324;
her grant to Reading, 325
Ælfgar (“Colessune”), 310
————, Nicholas, son of, 309, 310
Affidatio, 170, 176, 182, 384-387
Aino, William de, 230
Albamarle. See Aumâle
Albini, Nigel de, 427
————, William de (“Pincerna”), 262, 263, 324, 428, 439. See also Arundel
Aldreth (Camb.), 161, 162, 209
Alexander, Pope, absolves Earl Geoffrey, 224
Algasil, Gingan, 60
Alvia, Andrew de, 172, 183
Anarchy, incidents of the, 127-132, 134, 206, 209-220, 323, 403, 414-416
Andover, Stephen at, 47;
burnt by his queen, 128
Angers, Ulger, bishop of, pleads for Maud at Rome, 8, 254-257
Anjou. See Geoffrey
Ansgar. See Esegar
Anstey (Herts.), 141
Appleby Castle, 331
Arch’, Gilbert, 314
Ardleigh (Essex), 402
Ardres, Baldwin d’, 189, 397
Arms, collateral adoption of, 394;
date of their origin, 396
Arques, Château d’, 340-346;
its keep built by Henry I., 333
————, Count William of, 341-343, 345, 346
————, William of, 180, 188, 397
Arras, Baldwin of, 310
Arsic, Geoffrey, 190, 230
Arundel, Robert, 93, 263, 261, 266
————, Empress lands at, 55, 278, 280
————, William (de Albini), earl of, 143, 145, 146;
“pincerna,” 324;
created earl, 322;
styled Earl of Chichester, 318, 320;
Earl of Sussex, 146, 319, 320;
Earl of Lincoln, 324, 325;
his charter from Henry II., 240;
his “third penny,” 293;
holds Waltham, 324;
at St. Albans, 204-206;
dies, 317;
his character, 323
————, earldom of, 316-325;
its earliest mention, 146, 271, 322;
not an earldom by tenure, 316, 324;
its various names, 320, 321;
similar to other earldoms, 322, 325
Assarts (forest), 92, 168, 182, 376-378
Aston (Salop), 418
Auco. See Ou
Aumâle, William of (Earl of York), 143, 145, 146, 157, 262-264, 276, 385
Avranches, Rhiwallon d’, 397
————, Turgis d’, 46, 52, 144, 149, 158, 207
————, William d’, 154, 180, 397
————, bishop of, Richard, 262, 263
Aynho (Northants), 390
Azo. See Reinmund
B
Baentona. See Bampton
Bailiffs, represent, in towns, the sheriff, 110
Balliol, Joscelin de, 236
Bampton, Robert de, 140
Bareville, Walter de, 231
Barking, Stephen at, 320;
his charters to, 320, 378;
Alice, abbess of, 378
“Baronia,” grant of a, 182, 439
Barstable, hundred of, grant of the, 320
Basset, Ralf, 419
————, Richard, 265, 297, 298, 417, 418
Bath, Stephen grants his bishopric of, 18, 21
————, Robert, bishop of, 18, 64, 263
Battle, Warner, abbot of, 265
Bayeux, John de, 427
————, Odo, bishop of, 427
Bayonne, customs of, 247
Bazas (Aquitaine), customs of, 247
Beauchamp, Maud de, 313
————, Stephen de, 314, 315
————, Walter de, 313-315
————, William de, 154, 409, 416;
constable, 285, 313;
his charter from the Empress, 313-315
———— (of Bedford), Miles de, 171, 183, 314, 315
————, Payne de, 171, 392, 393
————, Robert de, 171
————, Simon de, 171, 231, 262, 263, 390, 392, 393
Beaudesert Castle, 65
Beaufoe, Henry, 230;
Ralf de, 373
Beaumont, Hugh de. See “Pauper”
Becket, Thomas, his youth, 374, 375;
as chancellor, 228, 236.
See also Canterbury
Bedford, earldom of, 270, 271, 276
“Begeford,” 286
Belmeis, Richard de (archdeacon), 123
Belun, Adam de, 144, 158, 201, 320
Belvoir, Robert de, 385
Benwick, 211
Berkeley, Henry I. at, 430
————, Roger de, 380, 409
Berkshire, earldom of, 181
Berners, Ralf de, 229-231
Bigod, Gunnor, 391
————, Hugh (Earl of Norfolk), 403;
with Henry I., 265, 365;
asserts the Empress was disinherited, 6;
with Stephen at Reading, 11, 13;
at Oxford, 263;
rebels, 23;
attacked by Stephen, 49;
created earl, 50, 188, 191, 238, 270;
with the Empress, 83, 172, 178, 183;
opposed to Stephen, 195;
rebels, 209;
his earldom East Anglian, 273;
created anew by Henry II., 277
————, Roger, 329
Bigorre, customs of, quoted, 58
Birch, Mr. W. de Gray, on a charter of Henry I., 428;
on the charters to Geoffrey, 44, 87;
on the seals of Stephen, 50, 139;
on the election of the Empress, 59-61, 63;
on the charters of the Empress, 66, 76;
on the styles of the Empress, 75-78, 83;
on the seal of the Empress, 299;
his remarkable discovery, 71-73
Bishopsbridge, Roger of, 375
Bishop’s Stortford, 167;
its castle, 174
Bisset, Manasser, 236
Blois, Count Theobald of, 91, 428-430;
forfeited by the Empress, 102, 140
Blundus, Gilbert, 190
————, Robert, 229
Bocland, Hugh de, 309, 328, 355
————, Walter de, 201
Boeville, William de, 142, 231
————, Otwel de, 229
Bohun, Humfrey de, 125, 234, 263, 265, 281, 286, 314, 315, 418
Bolbec, Hugh de, 201, 416
————, Walter de, 264
Bonhunt. See Wickham Bonhunt
Boreham (Essex), 214
“Bosco, de,” Ernald, 228
Boseville, William de, 142
Bosham, Herbert of, on the Emperor, 301
Boterel, Geoffrey, 125
————, Peter, 415
————, William, 415
Boulogne, Count Eustace of, 1, 2, 143, 168
————, Geoffrey de, 147
————, Pharamus de, 120, 144, 147
————, Richard de, 120
————, honour of, 121, 141, 147, 168, 182
Bourton, young Henry attacks, 409
Boxgrove Priory, 320
Brampton, Henry I. at, 428
Braughing (Herts.), 141
Breteuil, William de, 327
Bristol, Empress arrives at, 55, 278;
Stephen imprisoned at, 56, 65;
Empress and her followers at, 135, 163;
young Henry at, 407
————, St. Augustine’s Abbey, 408
Brito, Mainfeninus, 52, 201, 360
————, Ranulf (? Ralf), 143
Brittany, Alan of. See Richmond
Buccuinte, Andrew, 305, 309
Buckenham Abbey, foundation of, 318
Buckingham, earldom of, 272
Bumsted Helion (Essex), 181
Bungay (Suffolk), the foundation at, 318
Burwell, besieged by Geoffrey, 220;
who falls there, 221
Bury, Richard de, his “Liber Epistolaris,” 261
Bushey (Herts.), 92, 156
C
Caen, castle of, 331, 333
Calne, Nigel de, 427
Cambridge, sacked by Geoffrey, 212
Cambridgeshire, “tertius denarius” of, 181, 193, 194
————, earldom of, 181, 191-193, 271, 273
“Camera abbatis,” annuity from the, 190
Camerarius, Eustace, 231
————, Fulcred, 355
————, Richard, 355
————, William, 355
Camville, Richard de, 159
Cantelupe, Simon de, 402
Canterbury, Gervase of, his accuracy confirmed, 137, 375;
his chronology discussed, 284, 406-408
————, John of (clerk), 375
————, archbishops of, Lanfranc, 326, 337; ——Anselm, sanctions marriage of Henry I., 257; ——Ralf, 307, 428; ——William, 265, 306;
extorts oath from Stephen, 3;
crowns him, 4-8, 253;
with him at Reading, 11;
at Westminster and Oxford, 262;
his clerk “Lovel,” 253;
builds keep of Rochester, 337, 338; ——Theobald, 311, 370, 386;
meets the Empress, 65;
hesitates to receive her, 260;
attends her election, 69;
at her court, 125;
supports her cause, 208;
forfeited by Stephen, 251;
with Henry II., 236;
patron of Becket, 375;
papal letters to, 214, 215, 412, 413; ——Thomas (Becket), confirms compensation to Ramsey, 225;
claims Saltwood, 327.
See also Becket
————, archdeacon of, Geoffrey, 112, 439
————, Stephen at, 1;
granted to Earl of Gloucester, 2;
Stephen re-crowned at, 137-139;
Henry II. at, 236, 237
———— and York, charter of settlement between, 426
Capella, Aubrey de, 190
Capellanus, Hasculf, 231
———— regis, 427. See also Fecamp
Capra. See Chiévre
Carbonel, Hugh (fitz Ralf) de, 190
————, Ralf de, 190
Carlisle, Athelwulf, bishop of, 262, 263
————, “firma” of, 363
————, young Henry at, 408, 409
———— Castle, 331
Cartæ of 1166, erroneous headings of, 399, 402;
carelessly transcribed, 401;
illustrated by Pipe-Rolls, 402
“Castellum,” special meaning of, 331-334, 337, 38, 340, 343
Castles, erection of, and license for, 142, 154, 156, 160, 168, 174, 175;
misery caused by, 217, 416;
surrender of, extorted, 202, 207;
their character, 331, 334, 343, 346;
in hands of sheriffs, 439
“Castrum.” See “Castellum”
Catlidge (Essex), 90, 140
Celestine, Pope, favours the Empress, 252, 258, 259
Cerney, 281
Chahaines, Philip de, 382
————, Reginald de, 382
Chalk (Kent), 306, 308
Chamberlainship of England, the, 180, 187, 390
Chancellors (Stephen’s), Philip (de Harcourt), 46-48;
——Roger (le Poor), 262, 263
———— (the Empress’s), William (fitz Gilbert), 93, 123, 171, 182, 195;
——William de Vere, 182, 195
———— (of Henry I.), Geoffrey, 265
Charters of Henry I., 19, 25, 422-434;
to London, 109, 347, 356, 359, 364, 367, 370;
to Aubrey de Vere, 187, 390;
to church of Salisbury, 265;
to Gervase of Cornhill, 305;
to Bishop of Hereford, 428;
to Colchester Abbey, 423-427;
to Westminster, 429;
to Tewkesbury, 431;
to Bardney, 430;
Eudo Dapifer, 328
———— of Stephen, 18, 19, 23, 25, 27, 438;
to Miles of Gloucester, 11-14, 176;
to church of Salisbury, 46;
to Geoffrey de Mandeville, 41-53, 138, 156;
to Monks Horton, 158;
to Earl of Lincoln, 159;
to Abingdon, 201;
to St. Frideswide’s, 201;
to Barking, 320, 378
———— of the Empress Maud, 82, 83, 194;
to Geoffrey de Mandeville, 41, 42, 86-113, 139, 163-177, 291;
to Miles of Gloucester, 56, 60, 123, 165, 288;
to St. Bene’t of Hulme, 67;
to Thurstan de Montfort, 65, 66;
to Glastonbury, 83;
to Haughmond, 123;
to Aubrey de Vere, 178-195;
to Geoffrey de Mandeville, jun., 233;
to Roger de Valoines, 286;
to William de Beauchamp, 313-315, 440;
to Geoffrey Ridel, 417;
to Humfrey de Bohun, 418;
to Shrewsbury Abbey, 418
———— of Queen Matilda, to Geoffrey, 118-121, 139, 156;
to Gervase, 120
———— of Henry II., 112;
to Wallingford, 200;
to Feversham Abbey, 147;
to Aubrey de Vere, 184-186, 237, 239;
to Geoffrey the younger, 234-241;
to Earl of Arundel, 240, 277;
to Hugh Bigod, 239, 277, 288;
to London, 367-371, 440;
to Geoffrey Ridel, 418
———— of Richard I., to Colchester, 110
———— of John, to London, 372
———— of Henry III., to London, 358
————, dating clauses in, 426, 431, 433;
archaic formulæ, in, 241;
forged, altered, and enlarged, 424, 425, 431;
garbled, 426, 433;
granted at Easter court (1136), 18, 19, 262-265;
of Henry I. and Henry II. to London, compared, 368-371;
of Mandeville family, 228-233, 390;
of Basset family, 417
Chester, Randulf, earl of, 146, 160, 262, 263, 265, 380, 423, 429;
at Easter court (1136), 265;
at siege of Winchester, 128;
reconciled to Stephen, 159;
his wrong doings, 268;
arrested by Stephen, 203;
joins Henry, 409, 419;
dies, 276;
his charter of restitution, 415
————, Richard, earl of, 423, 429
————, Roger, bishop of, 83, 253, 265;
died, 251
————, John (de Lacy), constable of, 390
Chiche, Maurice de, 142
Chichester, Seffrid, bishop of, 83, 262, 263, 265
————, earl of. See Arundel
Chicksand Priory, 231, 390
Chiévre, Geoffrey, 169
————, Michael, 169
————, William, 169
Chreshall (Essex), 168
“Christianitas Angliæ,” 172, 177, 183, 387
Cirencester, Empress at, 57;
captured by Stephen, 197;
Earl of Gloucester reaches, 199, 406
Clairvaux, Payne de, 172, 183
————, Robert de, 172, 183
Clare, Richard “fitz Gilbert” de (I.), 321
————, Gilbert “fitz Richard” (I.) de, 329
————, ————, Baldwin “fitz Gilbert” de, 13, 144, 145, 148, 159
————, ————, Richard “fitz Gilbert” de (II.), 40, 148, 270, 271
————, ————, Walter “fitz Gilbert” de, 159
————, Robert “fitz Richard” (I.) de, 11, 13, 14, 262, 263, 370
————, Roger “fitz Richard” (I.) de, 265, 427
————, Walter “fitz Richard” (I.) de, 13, 14, 264, 265
————, Alice de (wife of Aubrey de Vere), 390
————, earldom of. See Hertford
———— See also Pembroke, earl of;
Exeter, Baldwin of
Clarendon, Stephen at, 378
————, Assize of, 111-113
Clark, Mr. G. T., on Gloucester Castle, 330;
on the Tower of London, 334;
on Rochester Castle, 338;
on the keep of Newcastle, 339, 346;
on the Château d’Arques, 340-346;
his authority, 346
Clavering (Essex), 391
Clericus, Hugh, 231
————, Lovel, 253
————, Roger, 231
————, Simon, 231
Clinton, Geoffrey de, 265, 297
Cluny, Peter, abbot of, 253, 254
————, abbey of, favours the Empress, 254
Cnihtengild, the London, 307-309
Cockfield, Adam de, 190, 440
————, Robert de, 190
Coffin, story of the Empress escaping in a, 134
“Cokeford,” 314
Colchester, charter of Richard I. to, 110
———— Castle, granted to Eudo Dapifer, 328;
to Aubrey de Vere, 180, 185, 328
———— Abbey (St. John’s), 391;
charter of Henry I. to, 423-427
———— ————, Hugh, abbot of, 194
Coleville, Robert de, 314
————, W. de, 159
Colne Priory, 390
Columbers, Philip de, 419
“Communa.” See Londoners
“Communio.” See Londoners
Compostella, St. Jago de, pilgrimages to, 415
Compton (Warwick), 390
Constableship, hereditary, 285, 314, 315, 326
“Constabularia” (of knights), the, 155
“Constabularie, Honor,” 326, 327
Corbet, Robert, 383
Cornhill, Edward de, 306, 307
————, ————, his wife “Godeleve,” 306-308
————, Gervase de, 304-312;
his loan to the Queen, 120, 305;
justiciar of London, 121, 305;
sheriff of London, 304;
of Kent, 311;
a money-lender, 311;
his descendants, 312
————, ————, his wife Agnes, 306, 308;
his brother Alan, 310, 311
————, Henry de (son of Gervase), 305, 310
————, Ralph de, 310
————, Reginald de, 310
————. See also “Nepos Huberti,” Roger
Cornwall, Reginald (“filius regis”), earl of, 68, 82, 123, 125, 172, 183, 234, 236, 263, 264, 271, 418, 419
————, earldom of, 68, 271
Coronation, its relation to election, 5;
its importance, 6;
in the power of the Church, 7;
performed at Westminster, 78, 80;
repeated by Stephen and by Richard I., 137
Coroners represent, in towns, the “justiciar,” 110
Councils, 17-24, 48, 69, 136, 165, 202, 264, 265, 278, 412, 413, 415, 423, 427-429
Courci, Robert de (Dapifer), 170, 183
————, Alice de, 310
Courtenay, Hugh de, 296
Coutances, “Algarus,” bishop of, 262, 263
————, Geoffrey, bishop of, 290
Crevecœur, Robert de, 158
Cricklade, young Henry attacks, 409
————, “third penny” of, 289
Crown, hereditary right to the, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 33, 55, 186, 200, 253-256;
elective, 26, 29, 34;
kept at Winchester, 62
Crown lands, grants of, 99, 101, 140, 142, 149, 154, 167, 269, 275, 440;
their rents, 100, 268, 293
Culham, 415
Cumin, William, 85
Curci. See Courci
“Custodes” distinct from sheriffs, 297
D
Dammartin, William de, 53
Danfront, Picard de, 141
Danish district, peculiar payments in the, 289
Danvers, Henry, 232
Dapifer, Eudo, 154, 328;
his fief and office, 167, 173
————, Hamo, 431
————, Hubert, 382
David, King of Scots, with Henry I. (as earl), 429, 430;
invades England, 16;
joins the Empress, 80, 84;
at her court, 123, 124;
knights Henry, 409;
his earldom, 181, 192
Dean, Forest of, 56
Dedham (Essex), 181, 400-404
Deforcement, 351
Depden (Essex), 90, 140, 141
Derby, earldom of, 193, 270, 271
————, earl of. See Ferrers
Devizes, castle of, 46;
Empress flees to, 133;
its story, 134, 386;
councils of the Empress at, 165;
young Henry at, 408, 409;
charter granted at, 417, 418
Devon, earldom of, 271, 272, 296
————, “tertius denarius” of, 296
————, Baldwin (de Redvers), earl of, 93, 125, 172, 183
“Dialogus de Scaccario,” the, 154, 293, 304, 312, 322, 376, 425
“Diffidatio,” the, 28, 284, 285
Diham. See Dedham
Dinan, Gotso (or Goceas) de, 409, 418
Dispenser, Robert le, 154, 314, 315;
his inheritance, 313
Dodnash Priory, foundation of, 385
D’Oilli. See Oilli
Domesday values, 101, 102, 140, 241, 361;
the “tertius denarius” in, 287-291
Domfront. See Danfront
“Domina,” the Empress as, 14, 56, 57, 63, 67, 70, 73-75, 80, 83
“Dominus,” the king as, 14, 70, 73, 74
Dorset, earldom of, 95, 181, 193, 194, 271, 272, 277. See Mohun
————, “tertius denarius” of, 291
Douai, Walter de, his fief, 141
Dover, Stephen at, 1;
granted to Earl of Gloucester, 2;
held against Stephen, 2, 94;
Henry II. at, 237;
a “castellum,” 332
———— Castle, 340, 345
Dower, 385
Droitwich, 440
Dublin Castle, 331
Dugdale, his errors, 37, 38, 44, 87, 166, 327, 388, 391
Dunstanville, Alan de, 123, 325
————, Robert de, 236, 418
Durham, Stephen at, 16
————, see of, contest for, 85;
privileges of, 112
————, bishops of, Ranulf (Flambard), 384;
——Geoffrey, 265
E
“Eadintune,” 306, 307
Earldoms, always of a county, 273, 320;
or joint counties, 191-193, 273;
hereditary, 53, 242, 440;
formula of creation, 97, 187, 191, 238;
of confirmation, 89, 97, 188, 190, 238;
dealings of Henry II. with, 234, 239, 274-277
Earls, their privileges, 52, 93, 98, 143, 160, 169, 181, 182, 235, 292;
at siege of Winchester, 128;
at Stephen’s court, 139, 144, 159;
origin of their titles, 144, 181, 191, 272, 273, 320, 321;
their “third penny,” 239, 240, 269, 287-296
————, Stephen’s, 266, 270;
dates of their creation, 270, 271;
choice of their titles, 272;
their alleged poverty, 267, 269;
not “fiscal,” 267-277, 440;
their alleged deposition, 274-277
Easton (Essex), 141
Edgware, 440
Edward I., his dealings with London, 358;
with Nottingham, 359
Eglinus (? de Furnis), 53
Ellis, Mr. W. S., on the arms of Mandeville, 394;
of Sackville, 393;
of De Vere, 395
Elmdon (Essex), 143
Elton, Mr., on Mr. Chester Waters, 421;
on Mr. Loftie, 436
Ely, Stephen marches on, 48;
Geoffrey despatched against, 161, 411;
Geoffrey occupies, 209, 215;
Geoffrey’s doings at, 213, 215, 218;
Stephen’s vengeance on, 214;
famine and misery at, 219
————, Nigel, bishop of, 45;
at Stephen’s court, 262, 263;
rebels, 48;
joins the Empress, 64, 161, 411;
attends her court, 82, 83, 93, 314;
appeals to Rome against Stephen, 161, 411;
restored to his see, 162, 412;
visits the Empress, 208;
goes to Rome, 208, 209;
returns, 215;
with Henry II., 236
————, William, prior of, 83
Emperor, style of the, 300, 301
Epping Forest. See Waltham
Esegar (the staller), succeeded by the Mandevilles, 37;
sheriff and portreeve, 353, 354
“Esendona,” 286
Espec, Walter, 263, 385
Essex, hereditary shrievalty of, 92, 109, 142, 150, 166
————, ———— justiciarship of, 92, 105, 109, 142, 150, 167
————, “firma” of, 92, 142, 150, 166, 298, 360
————, “third penny” of, 89, 92, 235, 237, 239
————, earldom of, created by Stephen, 51-53, 97, 270, 271;
confirmed by the Empress, 89;
assigned to Geoffrey the younger, 234, 417;
re-created by Henry II., 234-239;
extinct, 243
————, escheatorship of, 92, 439
————, forest of, 376-378
————, earls of. See Mandeville and Fitz Piers
————, Henry of, 52, 172, 183 (?), 195, 236, 268, 326, 327, 391, 393
————, Robert of, 52, 391
————, Swegen of, 52, 391
————, Alice of, 169, 390
Eu, the count of, 158
Eugene III., Pope, 224, 251, 258, 416
Eustace, son and heir of Stephen, his betrothal, 47;
his intended coronation, 7, 250, 259
Evreux, Audoen, bishop of, 262, 263
“Excambion,” formula of, 102, 167, 180-182, 230
Exchequer system, 108, 293, 352, 355, 360, 400;
not destroyed by the Anarchy, 99, 142, 154
————, pensions on the, 267-269, 274
Exeter, held against Stephen, 24
————, William, bishop of, 265
————, earldom of, 272. See Devon
————, “third penny” of, 289
————, Baldwin, (sheriff) of, 289, 329
————, ————, his wife Emma, 329
————, ————, Robert, son of, 329
————, ————, Richard, son of, 329, 428
———— Castle, 343
Eynsford, William de, 158, 298, 360
Eyton, Mr., on the charters to Geoffrey, 41-44, 86, 97;
to Aubrey de Vere, 179;
on the charters of the Empress, 67;
on Richard de Luci, 146;
on Robert de Vere, 147;
his MSS., 44, 121;
on the Tewkesbury charter, 431
F
Fecamp, Roger de, 46, 263
Fenland campaign, 209-212
Ferrers, Robert de (Earl of Derby), 13, 94, 143, 146, 159, 263, 266, 415
Feudalism, its aims, 105, 108, 109, 111, 176, 372. See also “Dominus,” “Diffidatio”
Feversham Abbey, 147
Fiennes, Sybil de, 147
“Firma burgi,” 361-363
———— comitatus,” 99, 102, 142, 150, 154, 156, 298, 313, 360, 362;
its constituents, 100, 287, 293, 361
“Fiscus,” meaning of, 268
Fitz (Filius) Adam, Ralf, 190
———— ————, Warine, 190
———— Ailb’, William, 190
———— “Ailric,” Robert, 190
———— Alan, Roger, 310, 311
———— ————, John, 316
———— ————, Walter, 123
———— ————, William, 123, 125, 418
———— Algod, Ralf, 436
———— Alvred, William, 53, 229, 230
———— Baldwin. See Exeter
———— Bigot, John, 385
———— Brian, Ralf, 142
———— Count, Brian, with Henry I, 265, 431;
meets Earl of Gloucester, 281;
is besieged and relieved, ib.;
at Stephen’s court, 19, 262, 263;
escorts the Empress, 58, 82, 83, 93, 125, 130, 135, 170, 182, 286, 314;
his letter, 251, 261
———— ————, Otwel, 307
———— ————, Reginald, 320
———— Ebrard, Ralf, 305
———— Edith, Robert (son of Henry I.), 66, 82, 94, 125, 129, 170, 183, 234, 418, 434, 435
———— Ernald, William, 53, 229
———— ————, Ranulf, 229
———— Frodo, Alan, 189, 440
———— Gerold, Henry, 229, 230
———— ————, Robert, 142
———— ————, Ralf, 142
———— ————, Warine, 190, 228, 229, 236, 241
———— Gilbert. See Clare
———— ————, John (the marshal), 82, 125, 129-132, 171, 182, 183, 234, 314, 409, 416. See also “Histoire”
———— ————, William. See Chancellors
———— Gosbert, Robert, 436
———— Hamon, Robert, 382, 422
———— Heldebrand, Robert, 95, 171, 183
———— ————, Richard, 95
———— Herlwin, Ralf, 309, 310
———— ————, his sons, 310
———— ————, Herlwin, 310
———— ————, William, 310
———— Hervey, William, 142
———— Hubert, Robert, 134, 281
———— Humfrey, Geoffrey, 190
———— ————, Robert, 190
———— Jocelin, William, 402, 404
———— John, Payne, 11, 12, 263, 265, 378
———— ————, Eustace, 159, 264, 378
———— Liulf, Forn, 434
———— Martin, Robert, 94, 135
———— Miles, William, 399
———— Muriel, Abraham, 229
———— Osbern, William (Earl of Hereford), 154
———— Osbert, Richard, 53, 229, 231
———— Other, Walter, 169
———— Oto, William, 86
———— Otwel, William, 169, 229, 231
———— Piers, Geoffrey, Earl of Essex, 39
———— Ralf, Brian, 142
———— ———— (fitz Ebrard), John, 305, 306, 436
———— ———— ————, Robert, 305, 306
———— Richard. See Clare
———— ————, Osbert, 53, 231
———— ————, Roger, 169, 390-392
———— Robert, Walter (of Dunmow), 169
———— ————, William, 142
———— ———— (fitz Walter), John, 52
———— Roger, Robert, 391
———— Roy. See Cornwall, Fitz Edith, Gloucester
———— ————, Richard (son of Henry I.), 423, 427, 434
———— Urse, Richard, 53, 159
———— ————, Reginald, 53
———— Walter, Fulcred, 360, 363
———— ————, Geoffrey, 229
———— ————, Ranulf, 229
———— ————, Robert, 385
———— ————, William, constable of Windsor, 169
———— Wimarc, Robert, 391
Flanders, Count Robert of, 176, 177, 380
Flemings, expulsion of the, 275
Florence of Worcester, his continuater’s chronology, 278, 279, 284, 285;
accuracy, 437, 438
Foliot, Gilbert, attends council at Rome, 251, 253;
his letter to Brian Fitz Count, 251, 252, 254-257, 261;
becomes Abbot of Gloucester (1139), 285;
Bishop of Hereford (1148), 251, 260
Fordham (Camb.), 209, 211, 220, 222
Fordwich, “third penny” of, 290
Forests. See Assarts
France, King of, 171, 177, 183
Fraxineto. See Fresne
Freeman, Professor, his errors, 16, 62, 63, 68, 224, 250, 261, 290, 291, 294, 325, 333, 335, 338, 346, 349;
Mr. J. Parker on, 280
Fresne, Roger du, 320
Fulcinus, Albot, 231
Fulham, 117
G
Gainsborough Castle, 159
Gamlingay (Camb.), 120, 305
Gant, Walter de, 264, 266, 428
————, Gilbert de, 327
Geoffrey of Anjou, 167, 168, 171, 183, 184;
was to succeed Henry I., 33;
summons Stephen before the Pope, 10, 259;
invited to England, 165, 177, 195;
sends his son to England in his stead, 33, 185, 198;
detains the Earl of Gloucester, 198;
conquers Normandy, 418;
cedes Normandy to Henry, 251, 259;
admits no legate, 260
Gerardmota, Simon de, 120
Gerpenville. See Jarpenville
“Gersoma,” 298, 360, 363, 366
“Gesta Stephani,” its accuracy impugned, 12, 409;
confirmed, 62, 69, 115, 130, 132
“Gialla.” See London
Gifard, John, 364
Giffard, Elyas, 409
“Ging’.” See Ing
Glanville, Ranulf de, 385, 390
————, ————, his wife Bertha, 385;
his daughter Maud, 385
Gloucester, Empress reaches, 55, 278;
leaves it, 57;
returns to it, 115;
leaves it again, 123;
flees to it, 134
———— Castle, 13, 329, 330
————, earldom of, its creation, 420-422, 431-434
————, honour of, 11
————, Robert (son of Henry I.), earl of, 181;
marries heiress of Robert fitz Hamon, 422;
his earliest attestation (Rouen, 1113), 423;
attends his father at Reading, ib.;
at the battle of Brémulé, ib.;
at Rouen, 424, 426;
in England, 429, 430;
created Earl of Gloucester, 432;
attends his father at Westminster, 433;
at Portsmouth, 432;
his increasing greatness, 434;
attests charters at Westminster, 306;
at Northampton, 265;
receives lands in Kent, 2;
does homage to Stephen at Oxford, 22, 23, 263;
“defies” Stephen, 28, 284;
lands at Arundel with the Empress, 55, 279;
reaches Bristol, 55, 281;
escorts the Empress to Winchester, 58;
to Oxford, 68;
said to have created earldom of Cornwall, ib.;
at Reading, 82;
in London, 87, 93, 286;
advises moderation in vain, 114;
withdraws from London, 115;
goes to Oxford with Maud, 124, 314;
visits Winchester, 124;
joins in its siege, 126, 127;
captured at Stockbridge, 133;
released and goes to Bristol, 135;
removes with Maud to Oxford, 163, 170, 182;
his treaty with Earl Miles, 379;
goes to Normandy, 163, 165, 184, 196, 379;
returns and captures Wareham, 185, 198, 405;
joins Maud at Wallingford, 199, 406;
is with her at Devizes, 234, 417;
routs Stephen at Wilton, 407;
dies, 408;
his Carta, 375, 382;
his tertius denarius, 292-294;
his London soke, 436;
his wife, 381
————, William, earl of, 380, 409, 419;
confused with his father, 410
————, Walter, abbot of, 265
————, Gilbert, abbot of. See Foliot
————, Miles de (Earl of Hereford), employed by Henry I. (1130), 297;
with him at Northampton (1131), 265;
meets Stephen at Reading (1136), 12;
obtains charters from him, 11, 13, 14, 28;
attends his Easter court as constable, 19, 263;
and witnesses his Oxford charter, 263;
is with him at siege of Shrewsbury (1138), 285;
abandons Stephen (1139), 128, 284;
receives the Empress, 55, 60;
obtains charter from her, 56;
loses constableship, 285;
relieves Brian fitz Count, 281;
sacks Worcester and captures Hereford, 282;
escorts the Empress to Winchester (1141), 58, 65;
to Reading (as constable), 82;
to London, 83, 93, 286;
to Gloucester, 123;
is created by her Earl of Hereford, 97, 123, 271, 273, 288, 315, 328;
is with her at Oxford, 123, 314;
and at siege of Winchester, 125;
escapes to Gloucester and Bristol, 135;
with the Empress at Oxford, 170, 182;
his treaty with the Earl of Gloucester, 379;
his grant to Llanthony, 329;
his death, 276;
his son Roger, see Hereford, Earls of;
his son Mahel, 382
————, Walter de (father of Miles), 13, 428
Grantmesnil, Hugh de, 289
Greenfield (Linc.), 169
Greinville, Richard de, 382
Greys Thurrock (Essex), 181
Guisnes, Comté of, 188, 398. See Vere, Aubrey de
————, Manasses, Count of, 189, 397
————, Ralf de, 190
H
Hairon, Albany de, 286
Ham (Essex), 141
“Hamslep,” Hugh de, 419
Handfasting. See Affidatio
Harold, his accession compared with Stephen’s, 8, 253, 437
Hartshorne, Mr., on Rochester Castle, 337
Hastings, William de, 171
Hatfield Broad Oak (Essex), 100, 140, 141, 149
“Hattele,” church of, 233
Haughley (Suffolk), 326
Haye, Ralf de, 159
Hearne as a critic, 375
Hedenham (Bucks.), 337
Hedingham (Essex), 402
Helion, barony of, 229
————, Robert de, 143
————, William de, 181, 194
Henry I., secures Winchester, 63;
his style, 25, 432;
at St. Evroul and Rouen, 423, 426;
at Brampton and Westminster, 428;
marries Adeliza, 74, 426, 429;
visits Winchester, 426, 421, 430, 432;
Portsmouth, 432;
Westminster, 433;
secures succession to his children, 2, 30-32, 34;
dies, 322;
his widow’s dower, 324;
his gifts to Cluny, 254;
his reforms, 104, 298;
his ministers, 111, 418;
his exactions, 101, 105, 150, 360, 361, 366;
his forest policy, 377;
his dealings with London, 347, 358, 359, 365-367;
his chaplains, 427;
his military architecture, 333, 334, 341-343, 345, 346;
his charter to Eudo Dapifer, 328;
his treaty with the Count of Flanders, 176, 380;
his knowledge of English, 424
————, his son William, heir to the crown, 30, 427;
married, 426;
drowned, 434
————, his children. See Maud, Gloucester, Fitz Edith, Fitz Roy
————, his widow. See Adeliza
Henry II., mentioned in charters of the Empress, 171, 183 417, 418;
confirms his mother’s charter, 184-186, 384, 418;
his hereditary right, 186, 200;
lands with his uncle (1142), 198, 405;
joins the Empress, 199, 406;
resides at Bristol, 407;
his gifts to St. Augustine’s, 408;
lands afresh (1149), 279, 408;
visits Devizes, 409;
knighted at Carlisle, 408;
unsupported, 409;
leaves England, 410;
his third visit and negotiations, 176, 386, 418;
strength of his position, 35;
his policy, 112, 372, 378;
his alienations of demesne, 269;
his charters to Aubrey de Vere, 237, 239;
to Hugh Bigod, 239;
to Earl of Arundel, 240;
to Wallingford, 200;
his dealings with London, 358, 367, 370, 372, 440
Henry III., his charter to London, 358
Henry VIII., confirms charter of the Empress, 179, 328
Henry (V.), the Emperor, 300, 301
Henry of Scotland. See Huntingdon
Heraclius, the Patriarch, consecrates the Temple church, 225
Heraldry. See Arms, Quarterly
Hereditary right. See Crown
Hereford, Stephen at, 48;
seized by Miles, 282
————, its “tertius denarius,” 288
———— Castle, 328, 329
————, earldom of, created by the Empress, 97, 123, 187, 271, 273
————, earl of, William Fitzosbern, 154, 276
————, earls of. See Gloucester
————, Roger, earl of, 234, 329, 380, 382, 409, 419
————, Richard (“de Sigillo”), bishop of, 427, 428
————, Robert, bishop of, 46, 64, 82, 83, 93, 262, 263, 265
Hertford (or “Clare”), earldom of, 39, 40, 146, 270-272
————, Gilbert, earl of, 143, 145, 159, 271, 276
————, Roger, earl of, 236
————, mills of, 286
Hertfordshire, shrievalty of, 39, 142, 150, 166;
justiciarship of, 142, 150, 167;
“firma” of, 142, 150, 166
Hexham, John of, his accuracy confirmed, 19
Hinckford hundred (Essex), 404
“Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal,” extracts from, 130-133;
its authority, 130, 194
Historia Pontificalis, editorial errors in, 253
Holland, Great (Essex), 141
Howard, Thomas, 316
Howlett, Mr., on the landing of the Empress, 278-280;
on an unknown landing by Henry II., 409, 410
“Hugate,” 232
Huitdeniers, Osbert, 170, 374, 375, 382
————, Philip, 375
Humez, Richard de, 236, 419
Huntingdon, its “tertius denarius,” 288
————, Henry of, his chronology discussed, 407
————, Henry (of Scotland), earl of, 19, 192, 262, 263, 265
————, earldom of, 191-193, 265, 272
Hyde Abbey burnt, 127
I
Ickleton (Camb.), 141
“Inga” (Essex), 140, 186
Ing, Goisbert de, 142
————, Hugh de, 185, 186, 190, 384
Innocent, Pope, hears Maud’s appeal against Stephen (1136), 250, 252;
dismisses it, 9, 257;
“confirms” Stephen, 9, 257, 258, 260;
writes to Stephen, 412;
to Henry of Winchester, ib.
Ipra. See Ypres
Ipswich, “third penny” of, 290
Irvine, Mr., on Rochester Castle, 338
Issigeac (Perigord), 247
J
Jarpenville, David de, 231
————, ————, Symon, his brother, 231
————, Geoffrey de, 229, 230
Jerusalem, pilgrimage to, 306, 308
Jingles in charters, 241
John, his charters to London, 358, 371
Juga. See Inga and Ing
Jurisdiction, the struggle for, 105, 108, 111
Justicia, the, localized, 105, 373;
termed “capitalis,” 106;
differentiated from the sheriff, 107, 109, 153;
feudalized, 109;
represented by “coroners,” 110;
has precedence of the sheriff, 110
K
Kent, faithful to Stephen, 2, 138
Kingham (Oxon), 230-233
Kirton-in-Lindsey (Linc.), 159
Knightsbridge, the Londoners meet kings at, 84
Knights’ service, grants of, 91, 103, 142, 155, 167, 189, 439
L
Laci, Hugh de, 331
————, Ilbert de, 263
Læsio fidei, 9, 387
Lea, the river, 168, 175, 337
Ledet, Wiscard, 231
Legate, the papal. See Winchester, Henry, bishop of; Canterbury, Theobald, archbishop of Leicester, “third penny” of, 289
————, Robert, earl of, 146, 154, 236, 265, 380, 415, 433
Leicestershire, “tertius denarius” of, 295
Le Mans, tower of, 336
Leofstan (of London), 309
Leominster, Stephen at, 282
Lewes Priory, 391
Lexden hundred (Essex), 378, 404
Librata terræ, the, 99, 104, 140, 141, 241, 305, 314
Liege homage, 315
Lincoln, excludes the sheriff, 362;
its “firma burgi,” 362, 363;
Stephen besieges, 46, 159, 440;
battle of, 54, 56, 140, 148, 149
———— Castle, constableship of, 160
————, earldom of, 271, 325
————, Robert (I.), bishop of, 329, 433
————, Alexander, bishop of, 51, 64, 82, 83, 93, 123, 262, 265, 416
————, Robert (II.), bishop of, 236
————, William, earl of, 146, 159, 271, 415
Lisieux, Arnulf, bishop of, Stephen’s envoy (1136), 252, 253, 260, 389
Lisures, Warner de, 120, 320
————, William de, 231
Little Hereford, Stephen at, 282
Lodnes, Ralf de, 190
Loftie, Mr. W. J., his strange errors, 152, 349-351, 354-356, 364, 436
London, its name latinized, 347;
inseparable from Middlesex, 347, 352, 353, 357, 359;
not a corporate unit, 356;
its organization territorial, 357;
earliest list of its wards, 351, 435, 436;
its auxilium, 352
————, portreeve of, 439;
ignored by Henry I., 350, 351;
difficulty concerning, 354, 356;
replaced by Norman vicecomes, 353, 354
————, mayor of, 356, 357, 373, 436
————, chamberlain of, 355, 366
————, Tower of, its custody, 439;
held by the Mandevilles, 38, 89, 117, 141, 143, 149, 156, 166;
its importance, 98, 113, 119, 139, 164;
Stephen at, 48;
surrendered by Geoffrey, 207;
explanation of its name, 336;
its inner ward, 334
————, Guildhall (?) of, earliest mention of, 436
————, St. Michael’s, Cheap, 309, 310
————, bishops of, Maurice, 68, 328;
—— Gilbert, 265;
—— Robert (“de Sigillo”), 45, 67, 117, 118, 123, 167, 194, 402;
—— Richard, 236, 370
————. See also Temple; Cnihtengild
London and Middlesex, spoken of as London, 348, 351, 372;
as Middlesex, 347;
sheriff of, replaces portreeve, 353, 354, 356;
firma of, 142, 150, 151, 66, 347-349, 352, 355, 357-359, 362, 366, 371, 372, 440;
shrievalty of, 110, 141, 150, 166, 347-349, 358, 359, 363, 364, 367, 372, 439;
justiciarship of, 110, 141, 150, 167, 347, 373
London and Middlesex, sheriffs of, Esegar, 353;
—— Ulf, 353, 354;
—— Geoffrey de Mandeville (I.), 354, 439;
—— William de Eynsford, 360
See also Mandeville
————, justiciars of, Gervase (de Cornhill), 120, 121, 373;
—— Geoffrey de Mandeville, 141, 150, 167, 373
Londoners, the, obtain from Henry I. shrievalty of Middlesex, 347, 349, 359, 363, 364, 366;
dislike his system, 366;
elect Stephen, 2;
their compact with him, 3, 27, 247-249;
faithful to him, 49, 116, 354;
at the election of the Empress, 69;
slow to receive her, 81;
admit her conditionally, 84, 248;
harassed by the Queen, 114;
expel the Empress, 115, 117;
join the Queen, 119, 128;
record Stephen’s release, 136;
abandoned by him to Geoffrey, 153;
whose mortal foes they are, 168, 174;
treatment of, by Henry II., 370-372, 440;
join Simon de Montfort, 358;
their charters from the Conqueror, 354, 439;
from Henry I., 109, 347, 356, 359, 364;
from Henry II., 367-370, 440;
from Richard I., 371;
from John, 358, 371;
from Henry III., 348;
their communa, 116, 247, 357, 373, 439;
their alleged early liberties, 152, 372, 440;
their “wardmoot,” 370
Lords’ Reports, error in, 39
Lovel, Ralf, 94
Luci, Richard de, 101, 109, 112, 137, 146, 373;
with Stephen at Norwich, 49;
at Canterbury, 144;
at Ipswich, 158;
at Oxford, 201;
with Henry II., 236
Lucius, Pope, 208, 215, 258, 412
Ludgershall, the Empress flees to, 133
“Luffenham,” 314
M
Magn’, Ralf, 230
Maldon (Essex), 90, 92, 99, 100, 102, 140
Malet, Robert (I.), great chamberlain, 180, 395
————, Robert (II.), 93, 262
————, William, 93, 436
Malmesbury, Stephen at, 47, 281
————, William of, his accuracy confirmed, 11, 61;
impugned, 69, 115, 132;
discussed, 283, 344, 438
Maminot, Walchelin, 2, 94, 264, 286, 314, 418
Mandeville family, origin of, 37;
heirs of, 232, 233, 243, 244;
charters of, 228-233, 390;
pedigree of, 392
Mandeville, Geoffrey de (I.), 89, 235, 236, 358;
receives fief from the Conqueror, 37;
founds Hurley Priory, 38;
sheriff of three counties, 142, 166;
said to be “portreeve,” 152;
and may have been, 439
————, Geoffrey de (II.), Earl of Essex, 181-184;
his parentage, 37;
succeeds his father, 40;
at Stephen’s court (1136), 19, 263, 264;
detains Constance in the Tower, 47;
his first charter from the king, 41-53, 292;
created Earl of Essex, 52, 270, 272;
with Stephen at Norwich, 49;
strengthens the Tower, 81;
his first charter from the Empress, 87-113, 292;
made justice, sheriff, and escheator of Essex, 92;
deserts the Empress, 119;
seizes Bishop of London, 117;
obtains a charter from the Queen, 118;
his second charter from the king, 138-156;
made justice and sheriff of Herts. and of London and Middlesex, 141, 142;
with Stephen at Ipswich, 158;
sent against Ely, 161;
aspires to be king-maker, 164;
his second charter from the Empress, 165-178, 183;
obtains charter for Aubrey de Vere, 183, 184;
his plot against Stephen, 195;
is with him at Oxford, 201;
arrested by Stephen, 202-206;
surrenders his castles, 207;
breaks into revolt, ib.;
secures Ely, 209;
seizes Ramsey Abbey, 210;
holds the fenland, 211;
sacks Cambridge, 212;
evades Stephen, 213;
his atrocities, 214, 218;
wounded at Burwell, 221;
dies at Mildenhall, 222, 276;
fate of his corpse, 224-226;
his alleged effigy, 226, 395;
his heirs, 232, 244;
he founds Walden Abbey, 45;
burns Waltham, 323;
his policy, 98, 153, 164, 173, 439;
his greatness, 164, 203, 223, 323;
his arms, 392-396
————, Geoffrey de (II.), his sister Beatrice (de Say), 169, 392, 393
————, ————, his wife Rohese (de Vere), 171, 229, 232, 388, 390-393
————, ————, his father-in-law, Aubrey de Vere, 81
————, his brother-in-law, Earl Aubrey, 178. See also Vere
————, Geoffrey de (III.), Earl of Essex, 112, 169, 238;
succeeds his father, 233;
styled earl, 238, 417;
his charter from Henry II., 235;
procures his father’s absolution, 225;
his charter to Ernulf, 230, 231;
his grant of Sawbridgeworth, 241;
his death, 242;
struggle for his corpse, 226
————, ————, his wife Eustachia, 229
————, Geoffrey de (IV.), Earl of Essex, 229;
confused with Geoffrey de Mandeville (II.), 39
————, William de (I.), constable of the Tower, 38, 166, 169, 392
————, William de (II.), Earl of Essex, 169, 390;
his charter to Ernulf, 231;
succeeds his brother as earl, 242;
devoted to Henry II., 243;
becomes Great Justiciar, ib.;
dies, ib.
————, Ernulf (or Arnulf, or Ernald, or Hernald) de, grants to him, 141, 142, 149, 155, 167, 168, 174;
fortifies Wood Walton, 211;
holds Ramsey Abbey, 223;
surrenders it, 227;
exiled, ib.;
reappears, 228, 238;
occurs in family charters, 229-233;
disinherited, 233
————, ————, his wife Aaliz, 232, 233
————, ————, his son Geoffrey, 232
————, ————, his son Ralf, 231
————, ————, his grandson Geoffrey, 232
————, ————, his heir Geoffrey, 229
————, Geoffrey de, 233
————, Hugh de, 232
————, Robert de, 232
————, ————, Ralf, his brother, 232
————, Walter de, 229, 230
————, William de, 233
Mansel, William, 383
Marmion, Robert, 313
Marshal, Gilbert the, 171
————, John the. See Fitz-Gilbert
Martel, Eudo (?), 263
————, Geoffrey, 147
————, William, 46, 144, 146, 158, 159, 206, 262, 263, 320, 378, 407, 416
Masculus, Osbert, 29
Mathew, Master, 407
Matilda (of Boulogne), Stephen’s queen, 262;
advances on London, 114;
her charter to Geoffrey, 118-121, 139;
rallies her party, 119;
her charter to Gervase, 120;
gains the legate, 122;
wears crown at Canterbury, 138, 143;
visits York, 157;
her charters and seal, 302;
at Barking, 320
Matom, Alan de, 233
————, Serlo de, 89
Maud, the Empress, her legitimacy, 256;
marries the Emperor, 300;
oath sworn to her (1127), 6, 10, 31, 255;
appeals to Rome (1136), 8, 32, 253-257;
her claim to the throne, 29-34;
lands in England (1139), 55, 278-280, 283;
reaches Bristol, 55;
resides at Gloucester, 56;
joined by Miles, 56, 285;
joined by Bishop Nigel, 161;
received at Winchester (1141), 57, 64, 79;
her style, 63-67, 70-77, 300-302;
visits Wilton and Oxford, 65-67;
elected “Domina,” 58-61, 69;
forfeits Count Theobald, 102, 140;
visits Reading, 66, 82;
advances to St. Albans, 83;
reaches London, 84;
her intended coronation, 78, 80, 84, 302;
her Valoines charter, 286;
her first charter to Geoffrey, 86-113, 149-155, 238;
deals with see of Durham, 85;
expelled from London, 85, 115, 117;
flees to Gloucester, 115;
returns to Oxford, 123;
her Beauchamp charter, 313-315;
marches on Winchester, 124;
besieges the legate, 126-128;
flees from Winchester, 130, 132, 133;
reaches Gloucester, 134;
visits Bristol, 135;
again returns to Oxford, 163;
holds councils at Devizes, 165;
sends for her husband, 165, 177;
her second charter to Geoffrey, 165-177;
her charter to Aubrey de Vere, 179-184, 187, 190-195;
is besieged in Oxford, 198;
escapes to Wallingford, 199;
visited by Bishop Nigel, 208;
quarters her followers on Wilts, 230;
her charter to Geoffrey de Mandeville the younger, 233;
to Geoffrey Ridel, 234, 417;
her court, 64, 82, 95, 124, 178, 286;
her earls, 271-273;
her seal, 299-303;
her arrogance, 96, 114, 367;
her gifts to Cluny, 254
Mauduit, Ralf, 142
Mayenne, Juhel de, 172, 183
Meduana. See Mayenne
Melford, Geoffrey de, 190
————, Helias de, 190
Mercata terræ, 232
Merton, charter to, 433
Meulan, Robert, count of, 329
————, Waleran, count of, 46, 145, 262, 263, 271, 313, 314;
escorts the Empress, 55;
faithful to Stephen, 120;
his brother Hugh, 171
Middlesex, comprised London, 347;
archdeaconry of, 348.
See London and Middlesex
Mildenhall (Suffolk), Geoffrey dies at, 222, 223
Moch’ (? Woch[endona]), William de, 229
Mohun (Moion), William de (Earl of Somerset or Dorset), 93, 125, 266, 272, 277
Money-lending denounced, 311, 312, 440
Monks Horton Priory, 148, 158, 326
Montfort, Hugh de, 148, 326
————, Robert de, 148, 327
————, Thurstan de, 65, 327
Montgomery, Arnulf de, 331
————, Roger de, 322
Montreuil, 331, 338
Mortgage. See Vadimonium
‘Mottes,’ shell-keeps termed, 328, 330, 333, 336, 337
Mountnessing (Essex), 169
N
Napier, origin of the name, 324
“Navium applicationes,” 286, 440
“Nepos Huberti,” Roger, 305,306, 308-310
————, ————, Ingenolda, his wife, 305, 308, 310
Neufbourg, Robert de, 52
Neufmarché, Henry de, 320
Nevill, Hugh de, 310
Newburgh, William of, his chronicle, 47, 203, 205
Newcastle, keep of, 339, 346
Newport (Essex), 89, 90, 92, 99, 100, 140, 156
Newtimber (Sussex), 325
Norfolk, earldom of, 191, 270, 271, 273, 277. See Bigod
Norhale, William de, 231
Northampton, Stephen ill at, 160, 164;
its burgesses, 414
————, Simon (de St. Liz or Silvanecta), earl of, 120, 143, 145, 159, 192, 262-264, 276
Northamptonshire, earldom of, 192, 264, 272
Norwich, Stephen at, 49
————, Ebrard, bishop of, 83, 262, 263, 265
————, William, bishop of, 45
————, John, bishop of, 318
Novo burgo. See Neufbourg
———— mercato. See Neufmarché
Noyon, battle of, 423, 427
Nuers, Ralf de, 230
Nunant, Roger de, 125
O
Octodenarii. See Huitdeniers
Oilli, Fulk d’, 46
————, Henry d’, 94, 434
————, Robert d’, 46, 65, 66, 94, 171, 183, 263, 434
————, Roger d’, 125
Ordgar (of London), 309
Osney Priory, 171;
charters to, 232
Osonville, Sewal de, 231
Ottdevers. See Huitdeniers
Ou, Hugh d’, 229, 230
————, Robert d’, 436
————, William d’, 53, 142, 170
Oxeaie, Richard de, 205
————, Walkelin de, 205, 206
Oxford, Stephen at (1136), 15, 16, 23, 201, 282;
the Empress at, 65, 66, 123, 163, 314;
arrest of the bishops at, 202, 203, 416;
conspiracy against Stephen at (1142), 162, 195, 203, 207;
fortified by the Earl of Gloucester, 197;
stormed by Stephen, 197;
who besieges its castle, 198, 405;
from which the Empress escapes, 199, 405, 406;
leaving it to Stephen, 406
————, St. Frideswide’s, charter to, 201
————, house at, 232
————, earl of. See Vere, Aubrey de
Oxfordshire, earldom of, 181, 194, 239, 240, 270, 271, 295
————, “tertius denarius” of, 295
P
Parage, Philip, 402
Paris, Mathew, his accuracy confirmed, 205
Park’, Isnardus, 314, 315
————, ————, his son Nicholas, 314
Parker, Mr., on Professor Freeman, 280;
on Rochester Castle, 337
Pascal, Pope, anoints the Empress, 257
Passelewe, Ralf, 373
“Pauper,” Hugh (? Earl of Bedford), 171, 270, 276
Paynell, Ralf, 94, 171, 183, 286
Pechet, Robert, 427
Pedigrees, of Gervase de Cornhill, 308, 310;
of Aubrey de Vere, 389;
of the Mandevilles and De Veres, 392;
of William d’Arques, 397;
of Ernulf de Mandeville, 232
Pembroke, Gilbert, earl of, 143, 145, 158, 159, 161, 162, 172, 178, 181-183, 188, 194, 276
————, earldom of, 270, 271
Percy, William de, 264
Peterborough chronicle, the, on the Anarchy, 214, 220, 416
Petrivilla. See Pierreville
Peverel (of London), William, his fief, 90, 91, 140-142
———— (of Nottingham), William, 263, 266;
forfeited, 195;
his fief, 181
————, Mathew, 143
Pharamus. See Boulogne
“Phingria” (Essex), 140
Pierreville, Geoffrey de, 320
Pincerna, Audoen, 230
————, ————, Ralf, brother of, 230
————, Geoffrey, 229
Pirou, William de, 428
Pleas, dread of, 93, 105, 167, 169, 170, 180;
farming of, 108, 287, 293, 295, 361
———— of the Crown, 105, 110;
of the forest, 376-378
Pleshy (Essex), 207
Plessis, Walter de, 229
————, William de, 230
Ploughteam, importance of the, 218
Poitiers, Richard, archdeacon of, 112
Pont de l’Arche, William de, 4, 11, 12, 46, 62, 234, 263, 265, 297
Popes. See Alexander, Celestine, Eugene, Innocent, Lucius, Pascal
Port, Adam de, (I.) 233, (II.) 428
————, ————, Matildis, his wife, 233
————, ————, Henry, his brother, 233
————, Henry de, 264
Portsmouth, alleged landing at, 278-280;
Henry I. at, 432
Predevilain, Alfred, 230
Presbyter, Vitalis, 413
Prittlewell Priory, 391
Protection, money exacted for, 415
Prudfot, Gilbert, 350, 351
Q
Quadripartitus, quotation from, 312
Quarterly coat of Mandeville, the, 392-396
“Queen,” the Empress styles herself, 63, 64, 66, 83, 302
R
Radwinter (Essex), 168
Raimes, family of de, 399-404;
Roger (I.), 399, 403, 404;
William (I.), 399, 401;
Roger (II.), 181, 399-404;
Robert (I.), 399, 402;
William (II.), 402, 403;
Richard, 400-404;
Robert (II.), 401
Rainham (Essex), 141
Ramis de. See Raimes
Ramsey Abbey, grant of a hundred to, 101;
occupied by Geoffrey, 209;
fortified by him, 210, 211, 213, 216;
claimed by Abbot Walter, 216, 218;
sweats blood, 217;
avenged, 221;
surrendered to the abbot, 223, 227;
compensated for its losses, 225
————, Walter, abbot of, 83, 210;
goes to Rome, 215;
returns to Ramsey, 216;
his misery, 217;
at Geoffrey’s deathbed, 223
————, Daniel, abbot of, 210, 215, 218;
goes to Rome, 216
————, William, abbot of, 225
Ravengerus, 89
Rayne (Essex), 399
Reading, Stephen at, 10, 46, 48, 283;
the Empress at, 66, 82
————, Anscher, abbot of (1131), 265
————, Edward, abbot of (1141), 117
Redvers, Baldwin de, 266, 272, 278
————, Richard de, 272
Reinmund (of London), 435, 436;
his son Azo, ib.
Richard I., his second coronation, 137
Richmond, earldom of, 157
————, Alan, earl of, 143, 145, 157, 276
————, Conan, earl of, 290
Ridel, Geoffrey (II.), 417-419;
his grandfather, 417
Rochelle, Richard de, 231
————, John de, 231
Rochester, its early name, 332, 339;
charter to church of, 422
———— Castle, 337-339, 345, 346
————, Gundulf, bishop of, 334, 337-339
————, John, bishop of, 262, 263, 265
Rome, appeal of the Empress to, 8, 250-261;
appeals of Bishop Nigel to, 161, 208, 209, 411-413;
Abbot of Ramsey appeals to, 215
Romeli. See Rumilli
Rouen, Hugh, archbishop of, 116, 262, 263, 412, 413
————, the Tower of, 334-336
Rumard, Absalom, 172, 183
Rumilli, Alan de, 170
————, Mathew de, 170
————, Robert de, 170
S
Sablé, Guy de, 172, 183
————, Robert de, 172, 183
Sackville, William de, 393;
arms of, ib.
Saffron Walden (Essex), 89, 90, 149, 156, 174, 207, 236
Sai, Ingelram de, 11-13, 46
————, Geoffrey de, 231, 243, 390, 392
————, William de, 169, 209, 227, 392, 396
St. Albans, the Empress at, 83;
Stephen arrests Geoffrey at, 202-207;
consequent struggle at, 204-206;
abbot of, Geoffrey, 206, 265
St. Augustine’s, Hugh, abbot of, 265
St Briavel’s, castle of, 56
St. Clare, Hamo de, 263, 264
————, Osbert de, 231
————, William de, 52
St. David’s, Bernard, bishop of, 58, 82, 83, 93, 262, 263, 314, 430
St. Edmundsbury, Anselm, abbot of, 174;
Ording, abbot of, 189, 439;
William, prior of, 190;
Ralf, sacristan of, 190;
Maurice, dapifer of, 190;
Goscelin and Eudo, monks of, 190
St. Evroul, charter to, 423, 426
St. Ives, 212, 213
St. John, John de, 409
St. Liz. See Northampton
St. Osyth’s Priory, 389, 390
St. Quintin, Richard de, 382
Salamon Presbyter, 181
Salisbury, Stephen at, 46, 283;
held for the Empress, 407
————, earldom of. See Wiltshire
————, bishop of, Roger, builds Devizes Castle, 134;
receives Stephen as king, 4;
attends his coronation, 5;
with him at Reading, 11;
at Westminster, 262, 263;
at Oxford, 262;
repudiates his oath to the Empress, 32, 256;
his death, 46, 48, 282;
his nephew Nigel, 265 (see Ely, bishops of)
————, Edward de, 404
————, Walter de, 46, 264, 266, 276
————, ————, Sibyl, his wife, 276
————, William de, 125, 276
————, Patrick de (Earl of Salisbury or Wilts), 194, 271, 276, 409
Saltpans, 440
Saltwood (Kent), 326
Savigny, charter to, 423
Sawbridgeworth (Herts.), 228, 236, 241
Scotale, 361, 369
Scutage of 1159, the, 400
Seals, great, of Stephen, 50;
of Maud, 299, 303
————, keepers of the. See Sigillo, de
Seez, Arnulf, archdeacon of. See Liseux
————, John, bishop of, 262, 263
Sherborne Castle, 146
Sheriff, the, as “justicia,” 107, 109;
as an officer of the “curia,” 108;
as “firmarius,” 360-363;
feudalized, 109;
his “third penny,” 289;
distinct from the “custos,” 297
————. See also Bailiffs
Ships, toll from, 414, 440
Shrewsbury, Stephen besieges, 285
Shropshire settled on Queen Adeliza, 322
Sigillo, Robert de, 265. See London, bishops of.
————, Richard de, 427. See Hereford, bishops of Silvanecta. See Northampton
Soilli, Henry de (“nepos regis”), 262-264
Someri, Adam de, 143
————, Roger de, 143, 168
Somerset, earldom of, 95. See Mohun
Sorus, Jordan, 382
————, Odo, 382
————, Robert, 382
Southwark, Edward of, 307, 308
————, his son William, 307, 308
Stafford, “third penny” of, 289
————, Robert de, 289
Stamford, 159
Stapleton, Mr., on William of Arques, 188, 397
Stephen, King, attends Henry I. (as Count of Mortain), 423, 429;
lands in England, 1;
his treaty with the Londoners, 247-249;
his election and coronation, 2-8, 437, 438;
his embassy to Rome, 9, 253-257;
his charters to Miles of Gloucester, 11-14;
visits Oxford, 15;
Durham, 16;
keeps Easter at Westminster, 16-21, 262-265;
his Oxford charter of liberties, 22, 258, 438;
his title to the throne, 25, 29, 258-260;
besieges Shrewsbury, 285;
his movements in 1139, 281-283;
besieges the Empress at Arundel, 55;
his movements in 1140, 46-49;
his first charter to Geoffrey, 49-53, 98, 238;
captured at Lincoln, 54;
imprisoned at Bristol, 56;
receives the primate, 65, 260;
released, 135;
holds council at Westminster, 136;
crowned at Canterbury, 138;
his second charter to Geoffrey, 99, 103, 119, 138-156, 175;
betrays the Londoners, 153;
goes north, 157;
visits Ipswich, 158;
Stamford, 159;
recovers Ely, 411;
ill at Northampton, 160, 164;
restores Nigel to Ely, 161, 412;
captures Wareham, 196;
storms Oxford, 197;
besieges the Empress, 198, 405;
his charters to Abingdon and St. Frideswide’s, 201;
recovers Oxford Castle, 406;
besieges Wareham, ib.;
attends council at London, 202;
routed at Wilton, 407;
arrests Geoffrey at St. Albans, 202-207;
visits Ramsey Abbey, 210;
attacks Geoffrey, 213;
forfeits monks of Ely, 214;
arrests Earl of Chester, 203;
forfeits the primate, 251;
marches to York, 409;
stated to have assisted Henry, 410;
seeks coronation of Eustace, 250, 259;
his seal, 50;
his “fiscal” earls, 276, 277, 295, 440;
his faults, 24, 35, 174, 267, 269;
grant to his brother Theobald, 102, 140;
his forest policy, 377, 378;
papal letters to him, 257, 412
Stephen, King, his wife. See Matilda
————, his son. See Eustace
————, his nephew, Henry (de Soilli), 262-264
Stockbridge (Hants.), 133
Stortford. See Bishop’s Stortford
Stuteville, John de, 403
————, Leonia de, 403, 404
————, Robert de, 404
Sumeri. See Someri
Sussex, question as to “firma” of, 322
————, earl of. See Arundel
T
Taid’, Jurdan de, 230
Talbot, Geoffrey, 182, 263
Tamworth, 313, 314
Tani, Picot de, 402, 404
————, Alice de, 402-404
————. See also Tany
Tankerville, Richard de, 427
————, William de, 428
Tany, Graeland de, 91, 104, 142
————, Hasculf de, 91
————, Gilbert de, 91
————. See also Tani
Templars, at Geoffrey’s deathbed, 224;
their red cross, ib.;
retain Geoffrey’s corpse, 226
Temple (London), the old, 224
———— ————, the new, 225, 226, 395
Tendring hundred (Essex), 377, 404
“Tenserie,” 215, 218, 414-416
Terræ datæ. See Crown Lands
“Tertius denarius,” the, 287-296;
grants of the, by the Empress, 292, 293;
by Henry II., 239, 240, 293;
only given to some earls, 269, 293-295;
its two kinds, 287-290;
attached to manors, 291;
amount of, 294.
See also Earls
Tewkesbury, spurious charter to, 421, 431, 432
Theobald. See Blois
“Third penny,” the. See “Tertius Denarius”
Thoby Priory, 169
Thorney, Robert, abbot of, 413
Tilbury by Clare (Essex), 181
Tiretei, Maurice de, 228, 229
Titles, peerage, origin of, 145. See also Earls
Tolleshunt Tregoz (Essex), 142
Torigny, castle of, 334
Totintone, Warine de, 401
“Towers,” rectangular keeps termed, 328-331, 333, 336, 338, 341, 343
Treason, appeal of, 93, 156, 204, 327
Treaties between sovereign and subject, 176
Tresgoz, William de, 142
Treys-deners, Nicholas, 375
Trowbridge (Wilts), 281, 282
Tureville, Geoffrey de, 170
Turonis (?), Pepin de, 172, 183
Turroc’, See Greys Thurrock
U
Ulf the portreeve, 353, 354
Umfraville, Gilbert de, 382
Usury. See Money-lending
V
“Vadimonium” (or “Vadium”), 214, 236, 305, 369, 370
Valderi, Richard de, 320
Valoines, Peter de (I.), 39
————, Peter de (II.), 172, 183
————, Robert de, 172
————, Roger de, 172, 264;
Maud’s charter to, 286
Venoiz, Robert de, 171
Vercorol, Richard de, 231
Vere, Aubrey de (I.), great chamberlain, his pedigree, 389, 392;
father-in-law of Geoffrey de Mandeville, 388;
“justiciar of England,” 390;
slain (1141), 81, 147, 188, 389;
mentioned, 180, 187, 262, 263, 265, 297, 298, 309, 378, 388-391
————, ————, his wife, Alice de Clare, 390
————, ————, his brothers, Roger de (brother of Aubrey (I.)), 189, 389;
——Robert de, 389, 391;
——William, 389
————, Geoffrey (fitz Aubrey) de, 182, 190, 390
————, Robert (fitz Aubrey) de, 147, 182
————, William (fitz Aubrey) de, 182, 195, 231, 389, 390. See Chancellors
————, Alice de, 169, 390
————, Aubrey de (II.), Earl of Oxford, 154, 172, 195, 230, 231, 270, 271, 402;
brother-in-law to Earl Geoffrey de Mandeville, 178;
his charter from the Empress, 179-195;
to be Earl of Cambridgeshire, 181, 191-193;
his charter from Henry of Anjou, 186;
was Count of Guisnes, 188, 189, 240;
became Earl of Oxford, 194, 239;
his charter from St. Edmund’s, 189, 439;
from Henry II., 237, 239;
his wife Beatrice, 188, 189, 397;
his arms, 394-396;
his connection with De Rames, 401
Ver, Robert (fitz Bernard) de, 46, 144, 147, 148, 158, 201, 262, 263, 326
————, ————, his wife, Adeline de Montford, 326
W
Wac (Wake), Hugh, 159, 160
Wace, authority of, 344
Walden. See Saffron Walden
Walden Abbey, chronicle of, 38, 45, 203, 205, 210, 388, 390, 393, 395
———— ————, William, prior of, 224, 226
Walensis, Ralf, 419
Wallingford, Stephen besieges, 188, 281;
Empress escapes to, 198, 199, 406;
young Henry at, 419;
charter of Henry II. to, 200
Walterville, Geoffrey de, 314, 381
Waltham (Essex), 236, 323, 324;
forest, 377
Waltham Abbey, Geoffrey’s doings at, 323;
avenged, 222
———— ————, Chronicle of, 322-324, 439
Waltheof, Earl, 192, 276
Wareham, 165;
captured by Stephen, 196, 407;
besieged by Earl of Gloucester, 198;
captured by him, 199, 405;
Baldwin lands at, 279;
its defences, 332;
besieged by Stephen, 406, 407
Warenne, William, Earl, 120, 143, 145, 158, 206, 262, 263, 265, 430
Warranty, 182, 230
Warwick, Henry, earl of, 329
————, Roger, earl of, 65, 125, 159, 262, 263, 265
Warwickshire, “tertius denarius” of, 291
Waters, Mr. Chester, on the family of De Raimes, 403;
on the earldom of Gloucester, 421, 432;
his authority, 432
Way, Mr. Albert, on the styles of the Empress, 70, 73
Welsh, levity of the, 386
Westminster, charters tested at, 18, 53, 86, 95, 262-264, 286, 302, 306, 329, 428, 433
————, Herbert, abbot of, 265
Weston, 314
Wherwell, Empress at, 57;
burning of, 127, 129-131
White Ship, loss of the, 423, 428, 429, 434
Wickham Bonhunt (Essex), 90, 140
Wilton, the Empress at, 65;
affair of, 146, 276, 407
Wiltshire, earldom of, 181, 194, 271
Winchester, Stephen received at, 4, 47;
Henry I. at, 421, 430, 432;
Empress received at, 57-64;
importance of its possession, 60;
its castle and treasury, 62, 63, 125, 128, 386, 407;
election of the Empress at, 69;
its siege by the Empress, 124-132;
its royal palace, 126, 127
————, William (Giffard), bishop of, 329
————, Henry, bishop of (and papal legate), 265;
receives Stephen as king, 3, 4;
attends his coronation, 5;
with him at Reading, 11;
at Westminster, 262;
at Oxford, 263;
at Arundel, 55;
receives the Empress, 57;
his mandate to Theobald, 260;
conducts Maud’s election, 69;
escorts her, 82, 83, 93;
opposes her as to William Cumin, 85;
deserts her and joins the Queen, 121, 122;
besieged by the Empress, 125;
his palace, 126;
burns Winchester, 127;
restores Stephen, 136;
at his court, 143;
with him at Wilton, 407;
opposed to Nigel of Ely, 413;
goes to Rome, 208;
his letter to Brian Fitz Count, 261;
his covenant with Henry, 386;
papal letters to, 412
Windsor, Maurice de (dapifer of St. Edmund’s), 190, 439
———— Castle, 169;
Henry I. at, 429
Wiret, Ralf de, 53
Wood Walton, 211
Woodham Mortimer (Essex), 141
Worcester, Stephen at, 48, 282;
sacked by Miles, 282;
its “third penny,” 290
————, Castle, 313, 328
————, Simon, bishop of, 262, 263, 265
————, Theowulf, bishop of, 432
Worcestershire, earldom (?) of, 271
————, shrievalty of, 313
Worth (Wilts), 229, 233
Writtle (Essex), 140, 149, 214
————, Godebold of, 214
Wymondham, the foundation at, 318
Y
York, Stephen visits, 157, 409
————, Roger, archbishop of, 236
————, Thurstan, archbishop of, 262, 263, 265, 427, 428, 433
————, earldom of, 270, 271, 276
————, earl of. See Aumâle
Ypres, William of, in England, 45, 52, 144, 158, 201;
not an earl, 146, 270, 275;
in charge of Kent, 147, 275;
burns Wherwell, 129, 131, 132;
tries to burn St. Albans, 206;
robs Abingdon, 213;
persecutes the Church, 271;
grants to him, 269, 275