Thirteenth Century
| Emperors of Germany. |
| A.D. |
| Otho, (of Brunswick.)—(cont.) |
| 1212. | Frederick II. |
| 1247. | William, (of Holland.) |
| 1257. | Richard, (of Cornwall.) |
| 1257. | Alphonso, (of Castile.) |
| 1273. | Rodolph, (of Hapsburg.) |
| 1291. | Adolph, (of Nassau.) |
| 1298. | Albert I., (of Austria.) |
| Kings of France. |
| A.D. |
| Philip Augustus.—(cont.) |
| 1223. | Louis VIII. |
| 1226. | Louis IX., (the Fat.) |
| 1270. | Philip III., (the Hardy.) |
| 1285. | Philip IV., (the Handsome.) |
| Kings of Scotland. |
| A.D. |
| William.—(cont.) |
| 1214. | Alexander II. |
| 1249. | Alexander III. |
| 1286. | Margaret. |
| 1291. | John Baliol, deposed 1296. |
| Emperors of Constantinople. |
| A.D. |
| 1203. | Isaac. |
| 1204. | Alexis IV. |
| 1204. | Ducas, (Usurper,) dethroned by warriors of Fourth Crusade. |
| Latin Empire. |
| 1204. | Baldwyn, (of Flanders.) |
| 1206. | Henry, (his brother.) |
| 1216. | Peter, (of Courtney.) |
| 1219. | Robert, (his son.) |
| 1228. | John, (of Brienne.) |
| 1231. | Baldwyn. |
| Greek Empire of Nicæa. |
| 1222. | John Ducas. |
| 1255. | Theodorus II. |
| 1261. | John Lascaris—retakes Constantinople. |
| 1261. | Michael. |
| 1282. | Andronicus II. |
| Kings of England. |
| A.D. |
| John.—(cont.) |
| 1216. | Henry III. |
| 1276. | Edward I. |
| 1201. | Fourth Crusade. |
| 1217. | Fifth Crusade. |
| 1228. | Sixth Crusade. |
| 1248. | Seventh Crusade. |
| 1270. | Eighth and Last Crusade, by St. Louis against Tunis. |
Authors.
Roger Bacon, Matthew Paris, Alexander Hales, (Irrefragable Doctor,) Thomas Aquinas, (the Angelic Doctor.)