Other Visitors and Captives309
1801–1813
Abernethy, James. Adams, John. Addison, Dr., escaped. Ainsley. Ainsworth, Jas. Wroth. Aitken, David, surgeon, Glasgow. Aitken, Robert. Aitken, Thomas, banker. Allen, Major Alex. Allen, Major John. Allen, Luke. Allsop, Barleton. Anderson, Lieut. Thomas. Andrews, Alex. Andrews, Henry. Annesley, Gilbert. Anstey, Capt. Anstruther, Col. David. Arbuthnot, Major Thos. Arcedeckne, Jas. Archdall, Edward. Argle, Capt. Geo. Arthur, Daniel, secretary to Portuguese Embassy. Ashford, Wm. Ashton, Jno. Ashworth, escaped. Atkinson, Jno. Atkinson, Wm. Aubrey, Major. Austin, Jno. Austin, Thos.
Balfour, Jno. Balgrove. Ballantyne, Jas. Banks, Jos. Barber, Capt. Barretti, Jas. Barry, Edwd. Bateman, Wm. Battley, Geo. Bazalgette, Louis. Beamish, Chas. Beaumont, Chas. Beckwith, Samuel. Benson, Capt. Richd., escaped. Bentham, Wm. Bermingham, Lieut. Bernard, Geo. Berry, Jno. Best, Louis. Betts, Charles. Betts, Geo. Bevington, Geo. Bingham. Birch, Capt. Jno. Birch, Major Thos. Blackmore, Robt. Blair, Capt. Hunter. Blake, Arthur. Blake, Benj. Blake, Col. Wm. Blanckney. Bode, Jno., escaped. Bold, Peter. Bold, Lieut. Thos. Bonham, Jno., barrister. Boothby, Capt. (afterwards Rev.) Charles. Bord, Jno. Botwright, Wm. Bourne, Samuel. Bouverie, Capt. Bowles, Lieut. Humphrey. Bradby, Jas., barrister. Bradford, Lieut.-Col. Brandrum, Thos. Brenton, Sir J. Brettell, Jno. Brewer, Capt., escaped. Brewer, Edward. Bridge, Wm. Briggins, Dr. Brine, escaped. Brodie, Capt. Brown, Capt., escaped. Brown, Lieut. Bruce, Alex. Buchanan, Jas. Bunbury, Thos. Burke, Major Fras. Burns, Major. Burrows, Dr. Geo. M. Burton, Jas. Byrne, Jas.
Campbell, R. Campbell of Jamaica. Carleton, Jno. Carey, Capt. Carey, Peter. Carron. Casenove. Cavendish, Geo. and Louis. Channing, Jno. and Thos. Chetham, Col. Christie, Fras. Clarke, Dr. Jas. Clifton, Capt. Colvert, Gen. Colville, Geo. Combe, Capt. Congreve, Capt. Conolly. Cooper, Rev. Sir Wm. Cope, Lieut.-Col. Corbett, Jas. Cotterell. Courtenay, Wm. Courvoisier, Peter. Cox, Col. Craufurd, Lieut. Jas. Hy. Craufurd, Rev. Jno. Creswick, Fred. Croke, Jno. Cussans, Thos. Cusy. Cuthbert, Jno. Ramsay. Cutler.
Dacre. Dale, Jos., escaped. Dalrymple, Capt. Dalyell, Wm. Daniell, Wm. Darby, escaped. Dare. David, Dr. Davies. Deane, Capt. De Boyne, Gen. Devonshire, Col. Fras. D’Ivernois, Col. Dobson, Geo. Douglas, Mrs. Dowse, Major. Duff, Col. Dukinfield, Sir N. Dupré, Wm. Dyson, Geo.
Elrington. Elwin. Este. Eustace, Major. Evans.
Fagin. Falkenham. Fane, Capt., released. Fiott. Fitzgerald, Richd. Fletcher, Edward. Floyd, Gen. Sir Jno. Forsyth. Foster, Peter Le Neve, father of the scientist. Fox, Dr., escaped. Fraser, escaped. Fulk.
Garland, Jno. Watt. Garland, Peter. Gamier. Gellibrand, Wm. George, Lieut. Gerrard, Alex., liberated. Gerrard, Capt. Jno. Giffard, Jno. Goodman. Gordon, Col. Green, Jos. Grey, Sir Thomas. Grosvenor, Mary.
Halifax. Hankey, Jno. Peter. Hare. Harvey, Col. Hawey, Col. Heathcote. Henderson. Hendley, Capt. Hewitson, Dr. Hibberd. Hill, Samuel. Hill, Thos. Hodgson, Thos. Carlisle. Hollond, Thos. Honywood, Courtenay. Hooke, Chas. Howard, Capt. Humphreys, Wm. Hunter, Orby. Hutchins.
Jackson, Edward. Jackson, John. Jackson, Mills, escaped. Jackson, Richmond. Jackson, Wm., liberated. Jenner, Wm. Johnston, Major. Jones, Lieut.
Kennedy. Kensington, Charles. Kensington, J. B. King, Geo. Kingston, Major Strickland. Kinnersley.
Later. Laurens, Dr. Geo. Lee, Wm. Leigh, Philip, escaped. Le Mesurier, Fras. Le Soulf, Hauteville. Leveson-Gower, Capt. Wm. Light. Little, escaped. Livie, Alex. Lloyd, Dr. Wm. Lorimer. Lynch, Gen.
Macdonnell, Jas. Macdonnell, Jos. Macfarlane. Mackay, Capt. Mackenzie, Major, escaped. Macnamara, Col. Macnamara, Geo. MacTaggart, Sir Jno. Madan. Mandeville, Robt. Massingberd, C. Burrell. Masterson. Maude, Jno. Baptist. May, Dr. Mercer, Jos., died at Bitche. Merivale, Robert. Montgomerie, Thos. and Geo., liberated. Moore, Anthony. Moore, Col. Moore, Jno., liberated. Mountney. Muriel. Murray, Col. Nasmyth, Capt. Jas. Marshall. Newman, Henry. Newland, Gideon. Nicholson, Col., escaped.
O’Byrne. Oliphant, Edward. Olive. O’Reardon Otto. Ouvrard.
Palmer, Gen. Thos. Palmer, Mrs. Parsons. Pater, Capt. Paterson, Dr. Jas. Philipps, Jno. Burton and Nathaniel. Pigott, Gillery. Pigott, Jno., Hy., and Edwd. Pilling, Jno. Plunket, Oliver and Peter. Popham, Major. Potter, Ralph. Power, Capt. Power, Jno. Prescott, Lieut. Pridham, Lieut.
Raikes, Capt. Rennell, Capt. Richardson, Col. Ridman. Roberts. Roupell Sir (?) Win. Ruddock, Col. Rumsey, Major. Russell, Wm. Thos.
St. Leger, Harewood (son of Viscount Doneraile?). Scott, Col. Scott-Moncrieff. Shuttleworth, Jos. Sibbald. Smith, Rev. Dr. Spalding, Col. Spencer, Col. (qy. Gen. Wm.). Stack, Jno., mineralogist. Stacpoole, Capt. Stanhope, Capt. Chas. and Hy., midshipman (sons of Lord Chesterfield); Henry, escaped. Strachey, Capt., R.N. Sutton, Capt., escaped. Swayne, Col. Hy.
Taylor, Edward. Tindall, Lieut.-Col. Travers. Trevelyan. Truelock, Wm. Tupper, naturalised. Turton, Thos., bishop of Ely.
Walker, Capt., escaped. Walpole, Jno., Robt., Edwd. Wardrop, Cunningham, Glasgow, aged 17. Warburton, Willis. Warwick. Wayland. Wetherdown. Whitaker, Capt., escaped. White, Rev. Wm., vicar of Lancaster, escaped. Willis, Richd. and Thos. of Scarborough, died at Bitche. Windham, Frances. Wingfield, Col. Wolfe, Rev. Robt. Woodford, Jno. Alex. Worth, son of admiral. Wright, Jno. Masey, artist. Wyndham, Col.
1814–1815.
Ainslie, Miss. Bennett, Wm., bishop of Cloyne. Black, Capt. Clive. Colnaghi, jun., printseller. Du Cane. Heneage. James, Sir Walter. Leman. Lutwyche. Planta, Edwd. Robertson. Rotch, Benj. Seymour, Hy. Swinburne. Twining, Richd. Vyner, Miss. Whalley, Thos. Sedgwick, D.D. Wyburn.
Footnotes
1 National Archives, F. 7, 2231. See English Historical Review, October 1899.
2 A. F. iv. 1490–1563. References not otherwise indicated relate to the French Archives.
3 Jefferson also placed his daughter there.
4 This was granted in 1800 to John Cleaver Banks in order to examine manuscripts in the National Library.
5 Camelford, in 1802, sold the borough for £42,000 to Dupré Porcher.
6 Times, March 3, 1801.
7 In January 1793, quitting his wife, he followed to Paris Aimé de Coigny, Duchess de Fleury, of whom he had become the paramour at Rome, and who had gone to London for her accouchement. Being arrested, he applied to her previous lover Lauzun to procure his release, but was liberated without any necessity of mediation and returned to London.
8 Pitt was inclined in 1797 to entertain the overture, but the French coup d’état put an end to negotiations. See Fortescue Papers, iii. pp. 356–357. The French authorities ordered Melville’s arrest, but he apparently fled in time, and coolly revisited Paris in 1802.
9 The Jacobins were scandalised at the pomp with which he entered Paris, where the market-women waited on him to make and receive presents.
10 Talbot, when acting at Berne in Wickham’s absence in 1797, advanced money to French conspirators for a scheme of massacring the members of the Directory at the Luxembourg, and he applied to his Government for further funds for that purpose; but Grenville and Canning refused to countenance the scheme and directed him to get back the money (Martel, Historiens Fantaisistes). Though thus rebuked Talbot was not dismissed.
11 J. F. Neville, Leisure Moments.
12 Detected in 1802 he was hanged for the murder of Sergeant Armstrong at Goree in 1782.
13 This was a saving of expense, for Napoleon had refused to pay the £2,000,000 demanded for their maintenance.
14 It is pleasant to think that Lauriston, Macdonald, and Clarke, three men of British extraction, were among the few French generals who on Napoleon’s return from Elba remained faithful to the Bourbons.
15 M.P. for Eye in 1820.
16 The suit of carriages for the use of Marquis Cornwallis in France consists of a town coach, the body yellow, with arms, supporters, crests, and the Order of the Garter, surrounded with mantles, all highly emblazoned. The lining morocco with rich silk lace, and reclining cushions of silk and morocco. The carriage crane-neck; the hammer-cloth a bear-skin ornamented with silver paws. A town chariot painted to correspond, with arms, supporters, crests, and the Garter, but no mantles; crane-neck. A travelling coach, painted the same; crane-neck with imperials, etc. Harness has been made for twelve horses ornamented with silver in coronets, crests, and the Garter, with reins, tassels, and toppings, decorated with silk button-hangers.—Times.
17 The termination of the Congress at Amiens was an object of the deepest regret to the Prefects and officers, civil as well as military. The establishment of each ambassador had its particular merit. That of Marquis Cornwallis was distinguished for the magnificence of his liveries, and the splendour of his table and equipage. On all his grand dinners, his Lordship had twelve servants in rich liveries, besides six Valets-de-Chambre also in a kind of scarlet uniform.
But in regard to the luxuries of the table, and the choice of his wines, citizen Schimmelpenninck, the Batavian plenipotentiary, outdid all other competition. He had his turbot and eels from Holland, pike and perch from the Rhine; and the heaths and woods of Provence supplied him with game. No wonder that the absence of such a man should be lamented by the Mayor and Common Council of that city.—Times, April 2, 1802.
18 The Warrens and the Jacksons were kinsmen, for in 1796 a Rev. Dawson Warren had married Caroline Jackson.
19 Despatches, Record Office.
20 In 1809 he was appointed minister at Washington.
21 He died from a hunting accident in 1815.
22 Afterwards minister to the Argentine Republic.
23 Son of Lord Pierrepont (created Earl Manvers in 1806).
24 The embassy apparently required a Frenchman to translate or correct its letters to Talleyrand, for in 1804 François Soulès, who had lived twelve years in England and had translated English works, applied for the Legion of Honour on the ground that he had not only helped to capture the Bastille, but had been employed by Whitworth.
25 Rogers, Italy.
26 A. F. 1539–1543.
27 The return coach left Paris at 6 A.M., but from July 1802 there was also a berline with six places which started at 4 P.M., travelled all night, and arrived as soon as the morning coach.
28 Practical Guide... London to Paris. R. Phillips, 1802.
29 Mrs. F. E. King, Tour in France.
30 In 1814, according to Kirwan, the fishwives no longer carried passengers on their backs, but wading through the water tugged or pushed small boats ashore. But Richard Bernard Boyle was carried ashore by three men, one holding each leg and the third pushing behind.
31 Also his biographer. Trotter died in poverty in 1818, aged forty-three.
32 Her age is given in the police register as sixty-three, but as she died in 1842 at the age of ninety-two, she was really only fifty-two. Fox’s age, on the other hand, is given as fifty, whereas it was fifty-three. The ages in the register seem sometimes to be hotel-keepers’ random guesses.
33 Ashton, English Caricature on Napoleon.
34 Adair, Mission to the Court of Vienna, p. 505.
35 Chaptal, Industrie Française, 1817.
36 Remacle, Bonaparte et les Bourbons.
37 Duchesse d’Abrantès, Mémoires.
38 European Magazine, 1802.
39 Lascases speaks by mistake of a statue.
40 For full list see Appendix A.
41 Dropmore Papers, ii. 11.
42 La Réveillère Lepaux, Mémoires.
43 A. Young, Journal.
44 The Francis Letters, 1901.
45 Pasquier, Mémoires, vol. iv.
46 F. 7, 3759.
47 Duchesse d’Abrantès, Souvenirs; di Salvo, Travels in 1806.
48 Buckingham, Court and Cabinets of George III.
49 Les Rues de Paris.
50 See my Englishmen in the French Revolution, and Westminster Review, January 1897.
51 See my Paris in 1789–1794.
52 See Appendix B.
53 O. 1, 486.
54 Life of Lord Minto. Two other daughters married the Duke of Richmond and Marquis Cornwallis.
55 George Sand, Mémoires.
56 F. 7, 6307, 6339, 6534, 6481. He seems to have tried to conceal this adventure, alleging that he had been courteously received by Napoleon, which may have been true, but was not the whole truth.
57 Times, December 21, 1802.
58 Cholmondeley and Guilford had also in 1794 voted for peace.
59 Notes and Queries, February 6, 1892.
60 Lady Sophia Hobart, daughter of the Earl of Buckinghamshire, had been educated at the Bernardine convent at Paris.
61 Cloncurry, Recollections.
62 See article on Spa in Nineteenth Century, October 1902.
63 Cloncurry, Recollections.
64 Monthly Review, December 1800.
65 Notes and Queries, May 4, 1901.
66 Courrier de Londres, July 1802.
67 Minerva, January 1793.
68 See my Englishmen in the French Revolution.
69 Dropmore Papers, iii. 286, 472.
70 Lord Sheffield and his daughter visited Bouillon in 1791.
71 Fortnightly Review, July 1892.
72 Naval Chronicle, 1816, p. 98.
73 Drake does not give the source of the letters, but this may be inferred from Pingaud, Un Agent Secret sous la Révolution.
74 I am indebted for this and other data to Miss Evelyn Drake of Grampound, a great-granddaughter.
75 Paget Papers, 1896.
76 See Cornhill Magazine, September 1903.
77 A. F. iv. 1503.
78 Notes and Queries, November 30, 1901.
79 See my Englishman in the French Revolution, p. 130.
80 Early Married Life of Lord Stanley of Alderley.
81 Again in 1831, at the request of Lafayette, he addressed to ‘my fellow-citizens of all places and times’ a pamphlet on a Second or Upper Chamber.
82 Bonaparte, with similar courtesy, had in 1800 sent the Royal Society Marchand’s Voyage autour du Monde, and in 1802 he presented copies to George III. and all the European sovereigns.
83 Atlantic Monthly, February 1893.
84 A Mrs. Pigott, living at Geneva 1807–1815, may have been his widow.
85 An E. Dyson died at Palgrave in 1812, aged eighty-seven.
86 Monthly Review, 1826.
87 Revue Hebdomadaire, October 19, 1895.
88 Paris Temps, December 13 and 25, 1878.
89 His ‘Countess of Dysart’ was sold in June 1901 for 14,050 guineas, the highest price ever given at an auction in England for a picture.
90 Despatches, Record Office.
91 Revue Historique (Paris), Jan. 1903.
92 The visitor of 1802 may, however, have been not Théroigne’s lover, but her lover’s son.
93 A. F. iv. 1494.
94 Joseph Montefiore, arrested in 1803 on returning from a visit to London, is described as having been born there and as residing at Marseilles.
95 Many of Richard’s letters to Mezières, in indifferent spelling, are in the French Archives. T. 132.
96 She was the daughter of Sebastian Mercier, and after Holcroft’s death married James Kenney, the dramatist. She died in 1853. Her brother accompanied Holcroft back to England, but the printing-office started by them did not succeed.
97 The son, who married Elizabeth Latouche, died in 1806, leaving a son who became a lunatic in 1826 and died unmarried in 1847.
98 F. 7, 3755 and 3759.
99 Monthly Review, Nov. 1823, and Gentleman’s Magazine, Feb. 1824.
100 It was published by William Dugard, a Worcestershire man, but to judge by his name, of French extraction. He was master of Merchant Taylors’ School, London, printer to the Council of State, and a friend of Milton. See Dictionary of National Biography, which does not, however, mention his newspaper.
101 This daughter apparently died in childhood.
102 Souvenirs et Mémoires, Oct. 1899.
103 See my Paris in 1789–1794.
104 A. F. ii. 288.
105 His age is registered as thirty, which, if correct, settles the date of his birth.
106 F. 7, 2232.
107 Révolution Française, February 1890.
108 Fraser’s Mag. 1860: le Correspondant, 1897–1898.
109 Another brother was captured at sea during the war and incarcerated at Brest.
110 Remacle.
111 Gentleman’s Magazine.
112 A. F. iv. 1503.
113 F. 7, 5735; T. 1112; Jerningham Letters.
114 Weston tells us that some of the pictures, much damaged in transit, had had to be repaired. Shepherd noticed many soldiers at the Louvre gazing triumphantly at the pictures conquered by them.
115 Redhead Yorke, Letters from France.
116 One of these was Manning. At first, indeed, imperfect knowledge of French deterred him, for Lamb wrote to him:—‘Your letter was just what a letter should be, crammed and very funny. Every part of it pleased me till you came to Paris, then your philosophical indolence or indifference stung me. You cannot stir from your rooms till you know the language. What the devil! Are men nothing but ear-trumpets? Are men all tongue and ear?’
But presently he says:—‘... the god-like face of the First Consul.... I envy you your access to this great man much more than your seances and conversaziones, which I have a shrewd suspicion must be something dull.’ (S. Wheeler, Letters of Lamb.)
Among the lectures by which he profited were those on Chinese by Joseph Heger, a German whom he may have previously met in London.
117 Holcroft, Travels.
118 Mémoires d’un Nonagénaire.
119 De Bray, Revue de Paris, February 15 and March 1, 1901.
120 Westmorland MSS. (Hist. MSS. Commission).
121 Mgr. Justin Févra, Revue du Monde Catholique, June 15, 1900.
122 Remacle, Bonaparte et les Bourbons, p. 99.
123 Charles Orby Hunter, probably his father, had died at Paris in 1791.
124 Reichardt, however, comparing France with Germany, speaks of the increase of drinking, and of young men deliberately assembling for a carouse; he also speaks of gormandising.
125 Information kindly supplied by Canon Jessopp.
126 Reichardt, who met Bishop Grégoire and Kosciuski at her house, describes her as wearing a cap with long flaps covering her cheeks, and with a large bouquet falling down from her hair to her nose, so that with her constant nods and gesticulations there were only occasional glimpses of her eyes and mouth. He was bored, too, by the poetical recitations of Vigée, Madame Vigée-Lebrun’s brother. Poole, however, was pleased at meeting so many literati, and Meyer, canon of Hamburg, thought the hostess resembled Angelica Kaufmann.
127 Jerningham Letters, 1896.
128 F. 7, 6251, dossier 4980.
129 T. 777 and 1640.
130 Revue Internationale, 1887.
131 A. F. iv. 1473.
132 I can find no confirmation of this story. If there was a duel, it must have been with Thomas Pitt, Lord Camelford, but Christopher was probably confused with Thomas Potter, a member of Wilkes’s Hell-fire club, who, elected as an anti-Pittite, joined Pitt, and in 1756 was appointed Paymaster of the Forces. The two Potters may or may not have been kinsmen.
133 Malmesbury, who did not take the overture seriously, says—‘He came to me avec des projets insensés.’
134 A. F. iv. 1329.
135 Probably Letourneur’s Edition.
136 F. 7, 1672.
137 Hamburg was fined four millions by Napoleon for this act.
138 Times, February 25, 1803.
139 Kirwan in Fraser’s Magazine, 1860; Fitzpatrick, Secret Service under Pitt.
140 Année, Livre Noir, 1829.
141 Dublin Review, April 1890.
142 F. 7, 1671.
143 Fraser’s Magazine, 1860.
144 W. T. Tone’s autobiography appeared in a French review, the Carnet, in 1899.
145 Atlantic Monthly, September 1890. His tomb at Père Lachaise is no longer discoverable.
146 Atlantic Monthly, February 1893.
147 Helmine von Chézy, Unvergessenes.
148 She pretended, however, to be Dorinda Rogers, an American.
149 A. F. iv. 1496 and 1498.
150 Lord Colchester, Letters. King speaks of the swarm of English bankrupts and sharpers at Calais and Boulogne.
151 Oscar Browning, England and Napoleon in 1803.
152 Brother to Madame de Genlis.
153 Remaele, Bonaparte et les Bourbons.
154 Thibaudeau, Mémoires.
155 Remacle, p. 93.
156 Some French ladies, who were disagreeably crowded by public curiosity in Kensington Gardens, complained heavily of our want of politesse. They should remember, however, that they were not quite undressed in the fashion, and that the English ladies always walk out with something upon their heads, however they treat the rest of their persons.—Times, April 19, 1803.
157 Holcroft was told by a French lady, who sent for him to make this confidence and received him in her bath, that Fiévée was commissioned to bribe London newspapers (Travels from Hamburg to Paris). Holcroft believed that the mission was unsuccessful.
158 Napoleon, Correspondance.
159 See my Englishmen in the French Revolution and Paris in 1789–94.
160 Révue des Deux Mondes, Sept. 1, 1902, p. 115.
161 A police note charges him with having transmitted letters to and from émigrés.
162 A. F. iv. 1327.
163 Remacle, Bonaparte et les Bourbons.
164 Remacle.
165 England in like manner released in 1810 eighty-four sailors of a captured privateer who had rescued a shipwrecked British crew.
166 Correspondance.
167 Projets de Débarquement, 1902. Napoleon mystified his subordinates as well as the foreigner, for on the 22nd August 1805 he wrote to Admiral Villeneuve, ‘England is ours. All is embarked. Appear for twenty-four hours and all is ended’ (Eng. Hist. Rev., October 1903).
168 See a full account of this in Humanité Nouvelle, July to September 1899; Allonville, ‘Mém. Secrets’; Metternich, ‘Mémoires’; Lecestre, ‘Lettres de Napoléon,’ containing letters on this subject which were suppressed in the collection published by Napoleon III.
169 Talleyrand’s letter to Fox, April 1, 1806.
170 Lettres de Madame de Genlis.
171 A. F. 1493.
172 T. 1910.
173 Moniteur, 1819–1820.
174 See p. 220.
175 Correspondence of Jérôme Bonaparte. Baltimore, 1878.
176 Correspondance.
177 Now German territory and spelt Bitsch.
178 Concannon was ultimately allowed to visit Vienna and to reside near Epernay.
179 At Fontainebleau also there was a theatrical performance for the benefit of the penniless captives, Concannon writing the prologue.
180 Notes and Queries, November 18, 1899.
181 Elizabeth Alexander, divorced by him in 1795.
182 Lawrence, Picture of Verdun, 1810.
183 F. 7, 3716.
184 A. F. iv. 1504. Folkard, The Sailing Boat, 1853.
185 A. F. iv. 1495.
186 A. F. iv. 1491.
187 F. 7, 3767.
188 A. F. iv. 1502–1504.
189 Bell’s Weekly Messenger, according to Maclean.
190 Brotonne, Lettres de Napoléon.
191 A. F. iv. 1495.
192 A. F. iv. 1491. The mistress was probably the lady for whose arrival from Paris he had waited at Calais in 1803, thus losing his chance of escape. His breach of parole led to many English at Aix-la-Chapelle and elsewhere being relegated to Verdun.
193 A. F. iv. 1491.
194 Allonville states that Frenchmen, indignant at the detentions, assisted escapes.
195 Nineteenth Century, May 1888, art. Niederbronn.
196 Brotonne, Lettres de Napoléon.
197 A. F. iv. 1234.
198 See p. 67.
199 F. 7, 3773 and 3776.
200 A. F. iv. 1237.
201 F. 7, 3763.
202 F. 7, 3716.
203 F. 7, 3773.
204 A. F. iv. 1490.
205 A. F. iv. 1328.
206 A. F. iv. 1494.
207 There is a mystery about her paternity, but there seems to be a hint that she was a natural daughter of the Duke of Dorset.
208 M. Coquelle, paper read at the Congress of French Learned Societies at Paris, 1902.
209 Her son, Lord Henry Seymour, born in 1805, is said to have never set foot in England.
210 Her father, Hamilton Nesbit, had in 1802 returned through Paris from a visit to her at Constantinople.
211 F. 7, 3716.
212 Revue Rétrospective, vol. 14.
213 Charles escaped in August 1810.
214 Notes and Queries, February 3, 1900.
215 Baron, Life of Jenner.
216 Who little imagined that Admiral Cockburn, a kinsman of the prisoner, would convey him in the Northumberland to St. Helena.
217 Remains of Mrs. Trench.
218 Mr. E. B. Harris, Athenæum, February 24, 1900.
219 A. F. iv. 1496.
220 A. F. iv. 1512.
221 Journal of Mary Frampton.
222 This was not the only marriage among the captives.
223 This was not the only case of unaccountable desertion. Edmund Wilson, born in Italy, was left behind in France at the age of three years by his English parents—there was an Andrew Wilson, an artist, a visitor, but surely he was not the delinquent—and was adopted by the Comtesse d’Aumale. He became a prominent liberal Catholic, and from 1829 to 1831 contributed to the Correspondant till it was superseded by the more advanced Avenir of Lamennais. It was, however, revived in 1842 and still exists. For seventeen years ‘le sage Wilson,’ as he was called on account of his habitual circumspection, presided over Sunday gatherings of Parisian apprentices. He was unmarried, a sort of lay monk, was very charitable, and was never naturalised in France. He died in 1862.
224 A. F. iv. 1498–1499.
225 F. 7, 2250.
226 Her use of strong language earned her the nickname of Billingsgate.
227 They then saw the royal family dining in public at the Tuileries.
228 F. 7, 3716.
229 F. 7, 3744.
230 F. 7, 3750.
231 F. 7, 3744.
232 F. 7, 3779.
233 Keppel, author of books on Southern Italy, died at Naples in 1851. He had a natural son Augustus, a diplomatist, who married Mdlle. de la Ferronaye, the French authoress.
234 A. F. iv. 1504.
235 A. F. iv. 1493.
236 A. F. iv. 1523. One of these was the wife of Montmorency Morris, with her four children and two female friends.
237 A. F. iv. 1504.
238 A. F. iv. 1504. Bute, son of George III.’s favourite, also wrote himself to Talleyrand.
239 F. 7, 3768.
240 Westminster Review, 1890.
241 A. F. iv. 1158.
242 F. 7, 3750.
243 Some of these suggested incidents in Peter Simple.
244 A. Milman, Life of Dean Milman.
245 Narrative of Captivity.
246 Napoleon judged the English Government by his own standard, for, not to speak of Mehée de la Touche, he sent over to England in 1808 Bourlac, who, pretending to be a royalist emissary, obtained interviews with Hawkesbury and Canning.
247 A. F. iv. 1498.
248 A. F. iv. 1493.
249 F. 7, 3116.
250 Sir Horace Rumbold, Recollections of a Diplomatist.
251 A. F. iv. 1494; F. 7, 3750.
252 Grasilier, Enlèvement de Rumbold, Paris, 1901.
253 National Review, August 1903.
254 Archives du Nord de la France, iii. 449.
255 Moniteur, February 14, 1803.
256 F. 7, 2241–56.
257 Both bodies were conveyed to England.
258 A. F. iv. 1498.
259 General in 1814; died in 1815.
260 A. F. iv. 1158.
261 A. F. iv. 1158.
262 A. F. iv. 1158.
263 F. 7, 3882.
264 Intermédiaire, February 10, 1902.
265 A. F. iv. 1527.
266 A. F. iv. 1158.
267 Ibid.
268 He stopped a night at Nohant on his way to Blois, and again on repairing to Paris. Did he notice there a tomboy ten years old destined to be famous as George Sand?
269 F. 7, 3782.
270 This, as we have seen, is not quite accurate.
271 Réclamation de Verdun. The number never exceeded 1100.
272 Then Ambassador at London.
273 A Paris paper absurdly estimated them in October 1814 at 12,000.
274 Artaud, Vie de Hauterive.
275 Life of Curran.
276 An octogenarian, who in 1838, three months a widower, married Catherine Stevens, the vocalist, whose age was forty-four.
277 Letters of Lady Burghersh.
278 National Archives, Paris, A. A. 40.
279 A Visit to Paris in 1814. Scott went again after Waterloo.
280 Letters from a Lady to her Sister.
281 Beattie, Life of Campbell.
282 F. 7, 3784.
283 F. 7, 3785.
284 Paris in 1802 and 1814.
285 Retiring in 1822, he lived till 1846. His co-proprietor, Daniel Stuart, died in 1847.
286 F. 7, 3783.
287 Mon Journal de Huit Jours.
288 Visit to Paris in June 1814.
289 Tour through Some Parts of France.
290 Letters to the Bishop of Llandaff.
291 Memoirs of Moriolles, p. 157.
292 Livi, Napoleon a Elba, 1888; Siècle, August 23, 1887.
293 Quotidienne, February 6, 1815.
294 Temple Bar, October 1903.
295 Ibid.
296 Nuova Antologia, January 1887.
297 Pons de l’Hérault, Souvenirs d’Elbe, edited by Pelissier, 1897.
298 Ebrington’s Memorandum of Two Conversations, published in 1823 as a pamphlet of thirty-one pages and never reprinted.
299 Earl Russell, Recollections. See Appendix C.
300 Souvenirs de l’ile d’Elbe.
301 We know how Napoleon as a youth detested France, regarding Corsica alone as his country, but he doubtless got to consider himself a real Frenchman.
302 According to an English account Napoleon, on the band striking up the National Anthem, hummed the tune. (Temple Bar, October 1903.)
303 Sir Neil Campbell, Napoleon at Fontainebleau and Elba, 1869.
304 As it was, the Marquis Wellesley (Wellington’s brother), the Duke of Sussex (the Prince Regent’s brother), Lords Lansdowne, Grey, Byron, Lauderdale, Guilford, Bessborough, and three other peers voted in his favour, as also Mackintosh, Romilly, Whitbread, Tierney, Lord Morpeth, Sir Timothy Shelley (the poet’s grandfather), Lord Stanley (father of the ‘Rupert of Debate’), Lord Duncannon, and twenty-nine other members of the Lower House.
305 Mackenzie, History of Newcastle, 1827.
306 Philip Dormer Stanhope had settled in France or Belgium about 1790, and during the war procured remittances from England through the Paris bankers Perregaux and Laffitte. Was he a son of Lord Chesterfield’s illegitimate son? If so, the latter was a father at the age of nineteen, for he was born in 1732, and this Philip Dormer Stanhope gave his age in September 1814 on applying for domicile in France as sixty-three. Possibly, however, this last figure is a misprint in the Bulletin des Lois.
307 He seems to be the visitor who registered himself as Lord John Stuart.
308 A dandy famous for his collection of snuff-boxes, said to number 365.
309 Subject to orthographic errors in French records.