The Table
History of the first attempts to settle Virginia, before the discovery of Chesapeake bay.
| PAGE. | ||
| §1. | Sir Walter Raleigh obtains letters patent, for making discoveries in America, | 8 |
| 2. | Two ships set out on the discovery, and arrive at Roanoke inlet, | 9 |
| Their account of the country, | 9 | |
| thier account of the natives, | 9 | |
| 3. | Queen Elizabeth names the country of Virginia, | 10 |
| 4. | Sir Richard Greenvile’s voyage, | 10 |
| He plans the first colony, under command of Mr. Ralph Lane, | 11 | |
| 5. | The discoveries and accidents of the first colony, | 11 |
| 6. | Their distress by want of provisions, | 12 |
| Sir Francis Drake visits them, | 12 | |
| He gives them a ship and necessaries, | 12 | |
| He takes them away with him, | 12 | |
| 7. | Sir Walter Raleigh and Sir Richard Greenvile, their voyages, | 13 |
| The second settlement made, | 13 | |
| 8. | Mr. John White’s expedition, | 13 |
| The first Indian made a Christian there, | 14 | |
| The first child born there of Christian parentage, | 14 | |
| Third settlement, incorporated by the name of the city of Raleigh, in Virginia, | 14 | |
| Mr. White, their governor, sent home to solicit for supplies, | 14 | |
| 9. | John White’s second voyage; last attempts to carry them recruits, | 14 |
| His disappointment, | 15 | |
| 10. | Capt. Gosnell’s voyage to the coast of Cape Cod, | 15 |
| 11. | The Bristol voyages, | 16 |
| 12. | A London voyage, which discovered New York, | 16 |
Discovery of Chesapeake bay by the corporation of London adventurers; their colony at Jamestown, and proceedings during the government by an elective president and council.
| §13. | The companies of London and Plymouth obtain charters, | 18 |
| 14. | Captain Smith first discovers the capes of Virginia, | 19 |
| 15. | He plants his first colony at Jamestown, | 20 |
| An account of Jamestown island, | 20 | |
| 16. | He sends the ships home, retaining one hundred and eight men to keep possession, | 20 |
| 17. | That colony’s mismanagement, | 21 |
| Their misfortunes upon discovery of a supposed gold mine, | 21 | |
| 18. | Their first supplies after settlement, | 22 |
| Their discoveries, and experiments in English grain, | 22 | |
| An attempt of some to desert the colony, | 22 | |
| 19. | The first Christian marriage in that colony, | 23 |
| They make three plantations more, | 23 |
History of the colony after the change of their government, from an elective president to a commissionated governor, until the dissolution of the company.
| §20. | The company get a new grant, and the nomination of the governors in themselves, | 24 |
| They send three governors in equal degree, | 24 | |
| All three going in one ship, are shipwrecked at Bermudas, | 24 | |
| They build there two small cedar vessels, | 24 | |
| 21. | Captain Smith’s return to England, | 25 |
| Mismanagements ruin the colony, | 25 | |
| The first massacre and starving time, | 25 | |
| The first occasion of the ill character of Virginia, | 26 | |
| The five hundred men left by Captain Smith reduced to sixty in six months time, | 26 | |
| 22. | The three governors sail from Bermudas, and arrive at Virginia, | 26 |
| 23. | They take off the Christians that remained there, and design, by way of Newfoundland, to return to England, | 27 |
| Lord Delaware arrives and turns them back, | 27 | |
| 24. | Sir Thomas Dale arrives governor, with supplies, | 27 |
| 25. | Sir Thomas Gates arrives governor, | 28 |
| He plants out a new plantation, | 28 | |
| 26. | Pocahontas made prisoner, and married to Mr. Rolfe, | 28 |
| 27. | Peace with the Indians, | 28 |
| 28. | Pocahontas brought to England by Sir Thomas Dale, | 29 |
| 29. | Captain Smith’s petition to the queen in her behalf, | 29 |
| 30. | His visit to Pocahontas, | 32 |
| An Indian’s account of the people of England, | 32 | |
| 31. | Pocahontas’ reception at court, and death, | 33 |
| 32. | Captain Yardley’s government, | 34 |
| 33. | Governor Argall’s good administration, | 34 |
| 34. | Powhatan’s death, and successors, | 34 |
| Peace renewed by the successors, | 34 | |
| 35. | Captain Argall’s voyage from Virginia to New England, | 35 |
| 36. | He defeats the French northward of New England, | 35 |
| 37. | An account of those French, | 36 |
| 38. | He also defeats the French in Acadia, | 36 |
| 39. | His return to England, | 36 |
| Sir George Yardley, governor, | 36 | |
| 40. | He resettles the deserted plantation, and held the first assembly, | 36 |
| The method of that assembly, | 37 | |
| 41. | The first negroes carried to Virginia, | 37 |
| 42. | Land apportioned to adventurers, | 37 |
| 43. | A salt work and iron work in Virginia, | 38 |
| 44. | Sir Francis Wyat made governor, | 38 |
| King James, his instructions in care of tobacco, | 38 | |
| Captain Newport’s plantation, | 38 | |
| 45. | Inferior courts in each plantation, | 39 |
| Too much familiarity with the Indians, | 39 | |
| 46. | The massacre by the Indians, anno 1622, | 39 |
| 47. | The discovery and prevention of it at Jamestown, | 40 |
| 48. | The occasion of the massacre, | 41 |
| 49. | A plot to destroy the Indians, | 42 |
| 50. | The discouraging effects of the massacre, | 43 |
| 51. | The corporation in England are the chief cause of misfortunes in Virginia, | 43 |
| 52. | The company dissolved, and the colony taken into the king’s hands, | 44 |
History of the government, from the dissolution of the company to the year 1707.
| §53. | King Charles First establishes the constitution of government, in the methods appointed by the first assembly, | 45 |
| 54. | The ground of the ill settlement of Virginia, | 45 |
| 55. | Lord Baltimore in Virginia, | 46 |
| 56. | Lord Baltimore, proprietor of Maryland, | 46 |
| Maryland named from the queen, | 46 | |
| 57. | Young Lord Baltimore seats Maryland, | 46 |
| Misfortune to Virginia, by making Maryland a distinct government, | 47 | |
| 58. | Great grants and defalcations from Virginia, | 47 |
| 59. | Governor Harvey sent prisoner to England, and by the king remanded back governor again, | 47 |
| 60. | The last Indian massacre, | 48 |
| 61. | A character and account of Oppechancanough, the Indian emperor, | 48 |
| 62. | Sir William Berkeley made governor, | 49 |
| 63. | He takes Oppechancanough prisoner, | 49 |
| Oppechancanough’s death, | 50 | |
| 64. | A new peace with the Indians, but the country disturbed by the troubles in England, | 50 |
| 65. | Virginia subdued by the protector, Cromwell, | 50 |
| 66. | He binds the plantations by an act of navigation, | 51 |
| 67. | His jealousy and change of governors in Virginia, | 51 |
| 68. | Upon the death of Matthews, the protector’s governor, Sir William Berkeley is chosen by the people, | 52 |
| 69. | He proclaims King Charles II before he was proclaimed in England, | 52 |
| 70. | King Charles II renews Sir William Berkeley’s commission, | 52 |
| 71. | Sir William Berkeley makes Colonel Morrison deputy governor, and goes to England, | 53 |
| The king renews the act concerning the plantation, | 53 | |
| 72. | The laws revised, | 53 |
| The church of England established by law, | 53 | |
| 73. | Clergy provided for by law, | 53 |
| 74. | The public charge of the government sustained by law, | 53 |
| 75. | Encouragement of particular manufactures by law, | 54 |
| 76. | The instruction for all ships to enter at Jamestown, used by law, | 54 |
| 77. | Indian affairs settled by law, | 54 |
| 78. | Jamestown encouraged by law, | 54 |
| 79. | Restraints upon sectaries in religion, | 55 |
| 80. | A plot to subvert the government, | 55 |
| 81. | The defeat of the plot, | 55 |
| 82. | An anniversary feast upon that occasion, | 56 |
| 83. | The king commands the building a fort at Jamestown, | 56 |
| 84. | A new restraint on the plantations by act of parliament, | 56 |
| 85. | Endeavors for a stint in planting tobacco, | 56 |
| 86. | Another endeavor at a stint defeated, | 57 |
| 87. | The king sent instructions to build forts, and confine the trade to certain ports, | 57 |
| 88. | The disappointment of those ports, | 58 |
| 89. | Encouragement of manufactures enlarged, | 58 |
| 90. | An attempt to discovery the country backward, | 59 |
| Captain Batt’s relation of that discovery, | 59 | |
| 91. | Sir William Berkeley intends to prosecute that discovery in person, | 60 |
| 92. | The grounds of Bacon’s rebellion, | 60 |
| Four ingredients thereto, | 61 | |
| 93. | First, the low price of tobacco, | 61 |
| Second, splitting the country into proprieties, | 61 | |
| The country send agents, to complain of the propriety grants, | 61 | |
| 94. | Third, new duties by act in England on the plantations, | 62 |
| 95. | Fourth, disturbances on the land frontiers by the Indians, | 62 |
| First, by the Indians on the head of the bay, | 62 | |
| Second, by the Indians on their own frontiers, | 63 | |
| 96. | The people rise against the Indians, | 63 |
| They choose Nathan Bacon, Jr., for their leader, | 63 | |
| 97. | He heads them, and sends to the governor for a commission, | 64 |
| 98. | He begins his march without a commission, | 64 |
| The governor sends for him, | 65 | |
| 99. | Bacon goes down in a sloop with forty of his men to the governor, | 65 |
| 100. | Goes away in a huff, is pursued and brought back by governor, | 65 |
| 101. | Bacon steals privately out of town, and marches down to the assembly with six hundred of his volunteers, | 65 |
| 102. | The governor, by advice of assembly, signs a commission to Mr. Bacon to be general, | 66 |
| 103. | Bacon being marched away with his men is proclaimed rebel, | 66 |
| 104. | Bacon returns with his forces to Jamestown, | 66 |
| 105. | The governor flies to Accomac, | 66 |
| The people there begin to make terms with him, | 67 | |
| 106. | Bacon holds a convention of gentlemen, | 67 |
| They propose to take an oath to him, | 67 | |
| 107. | The forms of the oath, | 67 |
| 108. | The governor makes head against him, | 69 |
| General Bacon’s death, | 69 | |
| 109. | Bacon’s followers surrender upon articles, | 69 |
| 110. | The agents compound with the proprietors, | 69 |
| 111. | A new charter to Virginia, | 70 |
| 112. | Soldiers arrive from England, | 70 |
| 113. | The dissolution by Bacon’s rebellion, | 70 |
| 114. | Commissioners arrive in Virginia, and Sir William Berkeley returns to England, | 71 |
| 115. | Herbert Jeffreys, esq., governor, concludes peace with Indians, | 71 |
| 116. | Sir Henry Chicheley, deputy governor, builds forts against Indians, | 71 |
| The assembly prohibited the importation of tobacco, | 72 | |
| 117. | Lord Colepepper, governor, | 72 |
| 118. | Lord Colepepper’s first assembly, | 72 |
| He passes several obliging acts to the country, | 72 | |
| 119. | He doubles the governor’s salary, | 72 |
| 120. | He imposes the perquisite of ship money, | 73 |
| 121. | He, by proclamation, raises the value of Spanish coins, and lowers it again, | 73 |
| 122. | Sir Henry Chicheley, deputy governor, | 74 |
| The plant cutting, | 74 | |
| 123. | Lord Colepepper’s second assembly, | 75 |
| He takes away appeals to the assembly, | 75 | |
| 124. | His advantage thereby in the propriety of the Northern Neck, | 76 |
| 125. | He retrenches the new methods of court proceedings, | 77 |
| 126. | He dismantled the forts on the heads of rivers, and appointed rangers in their stead, | 77 |
| 127. | Secretary Spencer, president, | 77 |
| 128. | Lord Effingham, governor, | 77 |
| Some of his extraordinary methods of getting money, | 77 | |
| Complaints against him, | 78 | |
| 129. | Duty on liquors first raised, | 78 |
| 130. | Court of Chancery by Lord Effingham, | 78 |
| 131. | Colonel Bacon, president, | 79 |
| The college designed, | 79 | |
| 132. | Francis Nicholson, lieutenant governor, | 79 |
| He studies popularity, | 79 | |
| The college proposed to him, | 79 | |
| He refuses to call an assembly, | 79 | |
| 133. | He grants a brief to the college, | 79 |
| 134. | The assembly address King William and Queen Mary for a college charter, | 80 |
| The education intended by this college, | 80 | |
| The assembly present the lieutenant governor, | 80 | |
| His method of securing this present, | 80 | |
| 135. | Their majesties grant the charter, | 80 |
| They grant liberally towards the building and endowing of it, | 80 | |
| 136. | The lieutenant governor encourages towns and manufactures, | 80 |
| Gentlemen of the council complain of him and are misused, | 81 | |
| He falls off from the encouragement of the towns and trade, | 81 | |
| 137. | Edmund Andros, governor, | 81 |
| The town law suspended, | 81 | |
| 138. | The project of a post office, | 81 |
| 139. | The college charter arrived, | 81 |
| The college further endowed, and the foundation laid, | 82 | |
| 140. | Sir Edmund Andros encourages manufactures, and regulates the secretary’s office, | 82 |
| 141. | A child born in the old age of the parents, | 83 |
| 142. | Francis Nicholson, governor, | 83 |
| His and Colonel Quarrey’s memorials against plantations, | 84 | |
| 143. | His zeal for the church and college, | 84 |
| 144. | He removes the general court from Jamestown, | 84 |
| 145. | The taking of the pirate, | 84 |
| 146. | The sham bills of nine hundred pounds for New York, | 86 |
| 147. | Colonel Quarrey’s unjust memorials, | 87 |
| 148. | Governor Nott arrived, | 88 |
| 149. | Revisal of the law finished, | 88 |
| 150. | Ports and towns again set on foot, | 88 |
| 151. | Slaves a real estate, | 88 |
| 152. | A house built for the governor, | 88 |
| Governor dies, and the college burnt, | 88 | |
| 153. | Edmond Jennings, esq., president, | 89 |
| 154. | Alexander Spotswood, lieutenant governor, | 89 |
Natural Productions and Conveniences of Virginia in its unimproved state, before the English went thither.
Bounds and Coast of Virginia.
| §1. | Present bounds of Virginia, | 90 |
| 2. | Chesapeake bay, and the sea coast of Virginia, | 91 |
| 3. | What is meant by the word Virginia in this book, | 91 |
Of the Waters.
| §4. | Conveniency of the bay and rivers, | 93 |
| 5. | Springs and fountains descending to the rivers, | 93 |
| 6. | Damage to vessels by the worm, | 94 |
| Ways of avoiding that damage, | 94 |
Earths, and Soils.
| §7. | The soil in general, | 96 |
| River lands—lower, middle and upper, | 96 | |
| 8. | Earths and clays, | 98 |
| Coal, slate and stone, and why not used, | 98 | |
| 9. | Minerals therein, and iron mine formerly wrought upon, | 98 |
| Supposed gold mines lately discovered, | 99 | |
| That this gold mine was the supreme seat of the Indian temples formerly, | 99 | |
| That their chief altar was there also, | 99 | |
| Mr. Whitaker’s account of a silver mine, | 99 | |
| 10. | Hills in Virginia, | 100 |
| Springs in the high lands, | 101 |
Wild Fruits.
| §11. | Spontaneous fruits in general, | 102 |
| 12. | Stoned fruits, viz: cherries, plums and persimmons, | 102 |
| 13. | Berries, viz: mulberries, currants, hurts, cranberries, raspberries and strawberries, | 103 |
| 14. | Of nuts, | 104 |
| 15. | Of grapes, | 105 |
| The report of some French vignerons formerly sent in thither, | 107 | |
| 16. | Honey, and the sugar trees, | 107 |
| 17. | Myrtle tree, and myrtle wax, | 108 |
| Hops growing wild, | 109 | |
| 18. | Great variety of seeds, plants and flowers, | 109 |
| Two snake roots, | 109 | |
| Jamestown weed, | 110 | |
| Some curious flowers, | 111 | |
| 19. | Creeping vines bearing fruits, viz: melons, pompions, macocks, gourds, maracocks, and cushaws, | 112 |
| 20. | Other fruits, roots and plants of the Indians, | 114 |
| Several sorts of Indian corn, | 114 | |
| Of potatoes, | 115 | |
| Tobacco, as it was ordered by the Indians, | 116 |
Fish.
| §21. | Great plenty and variety of fish, | 117 |
| Vast shoals of herrings, shad, &c., | 117 | |
| 22. | Continuality of the fishery, | 118 |
| The names of some of the best edible fish, | 118 | |
| The names of some that are not eaten, | 118 | |
| 23. | Indian children catching fish, | 118 |
| Several inventions of the Indians to take fish, | 119 | |
| 24. | Fishing hawks and bald eagles, | 121 |
| Fish dropped in the orchard, | 121 |
Wild Fowl and Hunted Game.
| §25. | Wild Water Fowl, | 123 |
| 26. | Game in the marshes and watery grounds, | 123 |
| 27. | Game in the highlands and frontiers, | 123 |
| Of the Opossum, | 124 | |
| 28. | Some Indian ways of hunting, | 124 |
| Fire hunting, | 124 | |
| Their hunting quarters, | 125 | |
| 29. | Conclusion, | 126 |
Indians, their Religion, Laws and Customs, in War and Peace.
Persons of the Indians, and their Dress.
| §1. | Persons of the Indians, their color and shape, | 127 |
| 2. | The cut of their hair, and ornament of their head, | 128 |
| 3. | Of their vesture, | 128 |
| 4. | Garb peculiar to their priests and conjurors, | 130 |
| 5. | Of the women’s dress, | 131 |
Matrimony of the Indians, and Management of their Children.
| §6. | Conditions of their marriage, | 133 |
| 7. | Maidens, and the story of their prostitution, | 133 |
| 8. | Management of the young children, | 134 |
Towns, Building and Fortification of the Indians.
| §9. | Towns and kingdoms of the Indians, | 135 |
| 10. | Manner of their building, | 135 |
| 11. | Their fuel, or firewood, | 136 |
| 12. | Their seats and lodging, | 136 |
| 13. | Their fortifications, | 136 |
Cookery and Food of the Indians.
| §14. | Their cookery, | 138 |
| 15. | Their several sorts of food, | 139 |
| 16. | Their times of eating, | 140 |
| 17. | Their drink, | 140 |
| 18. | Their ways of dining, | 141 |
Traveling, Reception and entertainment of the Indians.
| §19. | Manner of their traveling, and provision they make for it, | 142 |
| Their way of concealing their course, | 142 | |
| 20. | Manner of their reception of strangers, | 143 |
| The pipe of peace, | 143 | |
| 21. | Their entertainment of honorable friends, | 145 |
Learning and Languages of the Indians.
| §22. | That they are without letters, | 147 |
| Their descriptions by hieroglyphics, | 147 | |
| Heraldry and arms of the Indians, | 147 | |
| 23. | That they have different languages, | 148 |
| Their general language, | 148 |
War and Peace of the Indians.
| §24. | Their consultations and war dances, | 149 |
| 25. | Their barbarity upon a victory, | 149 |
| 26. | Descent of the crown, | 150 |
| 27. | Their triumphs for victory, | 150 |
| 28. | Their treaties of peace, and ceremonies upon conclusion of peace, | 151 |
Religion, Worship and Superstitious Customs of the Indians.
| §29. | Their quioccassan and idol of worship, | 152 |
| 30. | Their notions of God, and worshiping the evil spirit, | 155 |
| 31. | Their pawwawing or conjurations, | 157 |
| 32. | Their huskanawing, | 160 |
| 33. | Reasons of this custom, | 164 |
| 34. | Their offerings and sacrifice, | 165 |
| 35. | Their set feasts, | 165 |
| 36. | Their account of time, | 165 |
| 37. | Their superstition and zealotry, | 166 |
| 38. | Their regard to the priests and magicians, | 167 |
| 39. | Places of their worship and sacrifice, | 168 |
| Their pawcorances or altar stones, | 168 | |
| 40. | Their care of the bodies of their princes after death, | 169 |
Diseases and Cures of the Indians.
| §41. | Their diseases in general, and burning for cure, | 171 |
| Their sucking, scarifying and blistering, | 171 | |
| Priests’ secrecy in the virtues of plants, | 171 | |
| Words wisoccan, wighsacan and woghsacan, | 172 | |
| Their physic, and the method of it, | 172 | |
| 42. | Their bagnios or baths, | 172 |
| Their oiling after sweating, | 173 |
Sports and Pastimes of the Indians.
| §43. | Their sports and pastimes in general, | 175 |
| Their singing, | 175 | |
| Their dancing, | 175 | |
| A mask used among them, | 176 | |
| Their musical instruments, | 177 |
Laws, and Authorities of the Indians among one another.
| §44. | Their laws in general, | 178 |
| Their severity and ill manners, | 178 | |
| Their implacable resentments, | 179 | |
| 45. | Their honors, preferments and authorities, | 179 |
| Authority of the priests and conjurers, | 179 | |
| Servants or black boys, | 179 |
Treasure or Riches of the Indians.
§46. Indian money and goods, 180
Handicrafts of the Indians.
| §47. | Their lesser crafts, as making bows and arrows, | 182 |
| 48. | Their making canoes, | 182 |
| Their clearing woodland ground, | 183 | |
| 49. | Account of the tributary Indians, | 185 |
Present State of Virginia.
Polity and Government.
Constitution of Government in Virginia.
| §1. | Constitution of government in general, | 186 |
| 2. | Governor, his authority and salary, | 188 |
| 3. | Council and their authority, | 189 |
| 4. | House of burgesses, | 190 |
Sub-Divisions of Virginia.
| §5. | Division of the country, | 192 |
| 6. | Division of the country by necks of land, counties and parishes, | 192 |
| 7. | Division of the country by districts for trade by navigation, | 194 |
Public Offices of Government.
| §8. | General officers as are immediately commissionated from the throne, | 196 |
| Auditor, Receiver General and Secretary, | 196 | |
| Salaries of those officers, | 197 | |
| 9. | Other general officers, | 197 |
| Ecclesiastical commissary and country’s treasurer, | 197 | |
| 10. | Other public officers by commission, | 197 |
| Escheators, | 197 | |
| Naval officers and collectors, | 198 | |
| Clerks and sheriffs, | 198 | |
| Surveyors of land and coroners, | 199 | |
| 11. | Other officers without commission, | 199 |
Standing Revenues or Public Funds.
| §12. | Public funds in general, | 200 |
| 13. | Quit rent fund, | 200 |
| 14. | Funds for maintenance of the government, | 201 |
| 15. | Funds for extraordinary occasions, under the disposition of the assembly, | 201 |
| 16. | Revenue granted by the act of assembly to the college, | 202 |
| 17. | Revenue raised by act of parliament in England from the trade there, | 202 |
Levies for Payment of the Public, County and Parish Debts.
| §18. | Several ways of raising money, | 203 |
| Titheables, | 203 | |
| 19. | Public levy, | 203 |
| 20. | County levy, | 204 |
| 21. | Parish levy, | 204 |
Courts of Law in Virginia.
| §22. | Constitution of their courts, | 205 |
| 23. | Several sorts of courts among them, | 206 |
| 24. | General court in particular, and its jurisdiction, | 206 |
| 25. | Times of holding a general court, | 206 |
| 26. | Officers attending this court, | 206 |
| 27. | Trials by juries and empannelling grand juries, | 207 |
| 28. | Trial of criminals, | 207 |
| 29. | Time of suits, | 208 |
| 30. | Lawyers and pleadings, | 208 |
| 31. | County courts, | 208 |
| 32. | Orphans’ courts, | 209 |
Church and Church Affairs.
| §33. | Parishes, | 210 |
| 34. | Churches and chapels in each parish, | 210 |
| 35. | Religion of the country, | 210 |
| 36. | Benefices of the clergy, | 210 |
| 37. | Disposition of parochial affairs, | 211 |
| 38. | Probates, administrations, and marriage licenses, | 212 |
| 39. | Induction of ministers, and precariousness of their livings, | 213 |
Concerning the College.
| §40. | College endowments, | 214 |
| 41. | The college a corporation, | 214 |
| 42. | Governors and visitors of the college in perpetual succession, | 215 |
| 43. | College buildings, | 215 |
| 44. | Boys and schooling, | 215 |
Military Strength in Virginia.
| §45. | Forts and fortifications, | 217 |
| 46. | Listed militia, | 217 |
| 47. | Number of the militia, | 217 |
| 48. | Service of the militia, | 218 |
| 49. | Other particulars of the troops and companies, | 218 |
Servants and Slaves.
| §50. | Distinction between a servant and a slave, | 219 |
| 51. | Work of their servants and slaves, | 219 |
| 52. | Laws in favor of servants, | 220 |
Provision for the Poor, and other Public Charitable Works.
| §53. | Legacy to the poor, | 223 |
| 54. | Parish methods in maintaining their poor, | 223 |
| 55. | Free schools, and schooling of children, | 224 |
Tenure of Lands and Grants.
| §56. | Tenure and patents of their lands, | 225 |
| 57. | Several ways of acquiring grants of land, | 225 |
| 58. | Rights to land, | 225 |
| 59. | Patents upon survey, | 225 |
| 60. | Grants of lapsed land, | 226 |
| 61. | Grants of escheat land, | 227 |
Liberties and Naturalization of Aliens.
| §62. | Naturalizations, | 228 |
| 63. | French refugees at the Manican town, | 228 |
Currency and Valuation of Coins.
§64. Coins current among them, what rates, and why carried from among them to the neighboring plantations, 230
Husbandry and Improvements.
People, Inhabitants of Virginia.
| §65. | First peopling of Virginia, | 231 |
| 66. | First accession of wives to Virginia, | 231 |
| 67. | Other ways by which the country was increased in people, | 232 |
Buildings in Virginia.
| §68. | Public buildings, | 234 |
| 69. | Private buildings, | 235 |
Edibles, Potables and Fuel.
| §70. | Cookery, | 236 |
| 71. | Flesh and fish, | 236 |
| 72. | Bread, | 237 |
| 73. | Their kitchen gardens, | 237 |
| 74. | Their drinks, | 238 |
| 75. | Their fuel, | 238 |
Clothing in Virginia.
| §76. | Clothing, | 239 |
| Slothfulness in handicrafts, | 239 |
Temperature of the Climate, and the Inconveniences attending it.
| §77. | Natural temper and mixture of the air, | 240 |
| 78. | Climate and happy situation of the latitude, | 240 |
| 79. | Occasions of its ill character, | 241 |
| Rural pleasures, | 241 | |
| 80. | Annoyances, or occasions of uneasiness, | 243 |
| Thunders, | 243 | |
| Heat, | 243 | |
| Troublesome insects, | 243 | |
| 81. | Winters, | 250 |
| Sudden changes of the weather, | 251 |
Diseases incident to the Country.
| §82. | Diseases in general, | 252 |
| 83. | Seasoning, | 253 |
| 84. | Cachexia and yaws, | 253 |
| 85. | Gripes, | 253 |
Recreations and Pastimes in Virginia.
| §86. | Diversions in general, | 254 |
| 87. | Deer-hunting, | 254 |
| 88. | Hare-hunting, | 254 |
| 89. | Vermin-hunting, | 255 |
| 90. | Taking wild turkies, | 256 |
| 91. | Fishing, | 256 |
| 92. | Small game, | 256 |
| 93. | Beaver, | 256 |
| 94. | Horse-hunting, | 257 |
| 95. | Hospitality, | 258 |
Natural Product of Virginia, and the Advantages of Husbandry.
| §96. | Fruits, | 259 |
| 97. | Grain, | 261 |
| 98. | Linen, silk and cotton, | 261 |
| 99. | Bees and cattle, | 262 |
| 100. | Usefulness of the woods, | 263 |
| 101. | Indolence of the inhabitants, | 263 |