B
ba-anguri, a variety of gero, q.v.
baba, b. rini, or b. kore; Indigo plant; chiefly Indigofera arrecta, Hochst. and other cultivated species of Indigofera (Leguminosæ); I. tinctoria, Linn. I. Anil, Linn., &c. cf. talaki. kwosusu = the second crop of baba, said to be the better; shuni = prepared indigo, the extracted blue dye-stuff, usually sold in cones or small masses and not used in dye-pits; shuḍi = cloth or thread dyed blue; tamaseki = a sort of home-made indigo prepared by women, from baba in pots.
baba hun (nasal baba hm), Gynura cernua, Benth. (Compositæ); a common weed with purple flowers and lyrate leaves; used in soup, &c.
babar fadama, Indigofera sp. wild species growing in damp places.
babar giwa (Hadeija, &c.), vide bushi.
babar more (Sok.), Ambrosia maritima, Linn. (Compositæ); an aromatic plant, 1 to 2 feet high, with divided leaves, resembling Wormwood. Syn. bababa (from its common occurrence in indigo fields); also called babar talak and tutubidi (Sok.).
baba rodo, Rogeria adenophylla, J. Gay (Pedaliaceæ); an erect plant with broad leaves, purple tubular flowers and viscid sap. Also called loda (Sok.), but cf. dafara.
babar talaki, Lonchocarpus cyanescens, Benth. (Leguminosæ). “Yoruba Wild Indigo.” vide talaki and cf. farin sansami.
babar tamau, Indigofera arrecta, Hochst. and other spp. wild or escaped from cultivation.
babba juji, b. jibji; 1. In Sokoto and Katsina = Datura Metel, Linn. (Solanaceæ), the “Hairy Thorn Apple.” Syn. zaḳami, q.v. 2. Elsewhere usually = Boerhaavia adscendens, Willd. (Nyctagineæ), a common prostrate weed of rubbish heaps &c. with small pink flowers; also called sarikin juji q.v.
bădo, Nymphæa Lotus, Willd. (Nymphæaceæ). White Water-lily; the starchy rhizome and seeds are edible. (Other species are N. guineensis, Sch. and Thonn. with white flowers; N. Heudelotii, Planch. and N. cœrulea, Sav. with purplish flowers), vide kwankwarita.
Ba-Fillatani, Heliotropium undulatum, Vahl. (Boragineæ); a small weed with white flowers. (Similar names are however loosely applied to other plants with pale foliage; e.g. the grass karani, q.v. and cf. alhaji.)
bafuri, vide under balbela.
bagaruwa (Kano, Sok., &c.), or gabaruwa (Zaria), Acacia arabica, Willd. (Leguminosæ). “Egyptian Mimosa.” Indian “Babool.” An acacia with yellow flower-balls and jointed pods—“Sant pods” or “Gambia pods”—used all over the Sudan for tanning; also used in making a black dye for leather, called kuloko, q.v. The original source of true gum arabic. (Etym. the first name is a metathetic form of the synonym gaba ruwa.)
bagaruwar ḳassa, Cassia mimosoides, L. (Leguminosæ); a common weed with yellow flowers and pinnate leaves.
bagaruwar Makka, vide zogalagandi.
ba gashi? (Kontagora), vide under sheḳani.
bagayi, Cadaba farinosa, Forsk. (Capparideæ); a small-leaved hoary shrub of scrambling habit. The leaves and twigs are mixed with cereals to form a sort of pudding or cake common in East Hausa and Bornu, called parsa (Kanuri), baleno, or tsawa. Syn. balambo. N.B. This plant is confused with anza, q.v. and in some localities (Katagum, &c.) called by the latter name.
Ba-Gwandare (or bugundare); 1. a var. of cotton, vide under abduga. 2. A var. of dawa, q.v. (from Gwandara, the name of a tribe).
baina, 1. A grass with edible seeds. Syn. baya, q.v. 2. The fish-poison prepared from Tephrosia Vogelii, vide under majimfa.
ba-jini, Afrormosia sp. (Leguminosæ); a tree with pale leaves and flat pods. (Etym. from the red resinous bark). Syn. jina jina.
ba ka tuka or ba tuka, a var. of cotton, vide under abduga.
baḳin bunnu (Katagum), Indigofera pulchra, Vahl. (Leguminosæ); a small undershrub with stiff stems, sometimes mixed with thatching grass. (The name is probably applied to other species so used.)
bakin kada, a var. of dawa, q.v.
bakin mutum (Sok.), Pleioceras sp. (Apocynaceæ); a shrub with milky juice and long slender pods. Syn. bakin mayu, sandan mayu (these names refer to mystical uses in divination, &c.); also gamma sanwa (or g. sauwa), from the forked peduncle with 3 or 4 developing carpels resembling the tripod stove for a cooking-pot = sanwa. (? = Holarrhena Wulfsbergii, Stapf).
bakin raḳumi, a var. of dawa, q.v. Syn. ḳerama, and mallen kabi.
bakin suda, Polycarpæa corymbosa, Lam. (Caryophylleæ); a small wild herb with whitish chaffy flowers; scarcely distinguished from magudiya, q.v. (suda is the name of a bird).
balagandi, vide under rawaya.
balambo, vide under bagayi.
balasa, or balasaya, Commelyna nudiflora, Linn. (Commelynaceæ); a “spiderwort,” a weed of pastures and waste places, with delicate azure-blue flowers; gathered as cattle fodder. Syn. kununguru (East Hausa).
balbela, Pulicaria crispa, Clarke (Compositæ); a white-leaved weed with yellow flowers. (Etym. the name of the white padi bird.) Syn. bafuri, and fara saura, q.v.
baleno, vide under bagayi.
bambami (Kontagora, &c.), Alchornea cordata, Benth. (Euphorbiaceæ); a tall woody climber in ravines.
bambamko (East Hausa), vide falfoli.
bambana, the flowering spike of shalla, q.v. a tall bulrush of marshes.
bambus (East Hausa), a variety of Water-Melon; vide guna.
barabutu, a corruption of “Bread-fruit” (Artocarpus incisa); a name used by Hausas in Lagos, &c.
barambo (Gobir). Syn. zogalagandi, q.v.
ḅarankachi or ḅaranchaki, Canavalia ensiformis, DC. “Sword Bean.” “Overlook Bean” of the West Indies. A large climbing bean common about native houses; not much eaten by Hausas; ripe pods used as a rattle by children. Syn.? ladiko, q.v. vide also waken Ankwa. ḍan zago (Kano), is a red-seeded variety of the same. (Etym. chăki = a rattle).
barbaji (East Hausa), Randia nilotica, Stapf (Rubiaceæ); a thorny shrub or small tree found in the north. Syn. tsibra or tsura (Sok.).
ḅare, half a kola nut; vide under goro.
ba reshe? (Kontagora). Syn. aduruku, q.v.
barkono, Capsicum frutescens, Bl. (Solanaceæ). “Shrubby Capsicum,” “Spur Pepper,” &c., and C. annum, Linn. “Chillies” or “Red Pepper,” &c. Synonyms and varieties are:—tanka or tankwa (Sok.) = toshshi or twashshi (Sok. Gobir and Zanfara), small red peppers; tsidufu = the smallest and hottest peppers; bunsurun barkono, a small spherical variety; tatasai (Sok. and Kats.) or tugandai (Kano, &c.) = large and less pungent chillies. vide also filfil.
barkonon biri, Cephalandra sp. (Cucurbitaceæ); a wild twiner with scarlet fruit having a superficial resemblance to capsicum; not edible.
barmatabo (Katagum, &c.), Merremia pentaphylla, Hall. f. (Convolvulaceæ); a convolvulus of fences, &c. with digitate leaves and white flowers. namijin barmatabo, Ipomœa pilosa, Sweet (Convolvulaceæ). Syn. yako (Sok. and Kats.); a coarse-leaved convolvulus or “Morning Glory,” with blue or purple flowers, common on fences. (The native names include several species.)
ḅarna chiki or ḅata wandon Buzu, a species of edible bean over-indulgence in which causes unpleasant effects.
bartake, vide under abduga.
ba ruwana, Salix sp. (Salicaceæ). Willow; found along the banks of rivers. (Etym. from the treacherous yielding of the branches when grasped by a drowning person). Syn. rimni (Sok.).
ba samu (Sok. and Zanfara). Syn. hano (Sok. and Kats.), and ararabi, q.v. Boswellia odorata, Hutch. and Boswellia Dalzielii, Hutch. (Burseraceæ). (The two species are scarcely distinguished under the different native names). Species of “Frankincense Tree,” with pale parchment-like bark and white flowers; yielding a fragrant resin.
basgo or basko, a tuber, vide under akwalu.
ḅata wandon Buzu, vide ḅarna chiki.
ba tuka, a variety of cotton, vide under abduga.
Ba-Ude, a variety of bean, vide under wake, and ḍan Uda.
bauje, an Asclepiad plant with milky juice and a turnip-like edible tuber; probably Xysmalobium Heudelotianum, Decne. (Asclepiadeæ). Syn.? rojiya; cf. also saniya and daiyo.
bauji (East Hausa), Acacia Sieberiana, DC. (Leguminosæ). Syn. fara ḳaya, q.v.
baurairai, Gloriosa superba, L. (Liliaceæ); a climbing lily with splendid crimson and yellow flowers and a tuberous root. Syn. gatarin kurege (Sok.), and gudumar zomo (Kano and East), from the shape of the versatile stamens.
ḅaure, Ficus gnaphalocarpa, A. Rich. (Urticaceæ). Rough-leaved fig-tree, with edible figs. ḅauren fadama, ḅ. rafi &c. = various spp. of Ficus, large broad-leaved trees of ravines; farin ḅaure, vide uwar yara. lubiya or rubiya = edible figs of ḅaure and other spp. of Ficus (vide durumi, cheḍiya, gamji).
ḅauren kiyashi; 1. Chrozophora Senegalensis, A. Juss. (Euphorbiaceæ); a common weed used medicinally. Syn. damaigi, q.v. (kiyashi = a species of ant). 2. A species of fig-tree (Ficus sp.).
baushe, Terminalia sp. nr. T. macroptera, G. et P. (Combretaceæ); a large tree with flat winged fruits. Bows and walking-sticks are made from the roots. (More than one species is included, e.g. T. Elliotii, Engl. and Diels. T. Baumannii, Engl. and Diels. T. avicennioides, Guill. et Per.).
bawu, vide under shinkafa.
baya (Katag. and East), baina (Kano), Panicum albidulum, Kunth. (Gramineæ); a wild grass with an edible grain used as food, common in East Hausa. Syn. saḅe, and?garaji, q.v.
bayama (Kontagora, &c.), Swartzia madagascariensis, Oliv. (Leguminosæ); a tree of the Cassia tribe, with white flowers and cylindrical pods; (probably including other species, cf. bogo zage, gamma faḍa, &c.).
bayan mariya, Andropogon ceresiæformis, Nees. (Gramineæ); a common bush grass much used for thatch. (Etym. “cob’s back,” from its russet colour when mature).
bazaḳa (Gobir). Syn. zaḳo, a var. of bean; vide under wake.
Ba-Zanfare (Katagum, &c.), Cassia occidentalis, L. (Leguminosæ). Syn. rai ḍore, q.v.
bazana (Zaria and Kano), Commiphora Kerstingii, Engl. (Burseraceæ). Syn. dali, q.v. a tree with green smooth bark, planted around native compounds.
bazaume or bazarme (a corruption of Ba-Zabarme); a var. of gero, q.v.
bidi, 1. a var. of earth-nut; vide under gujiya. 2. A speckled var. of bean; vide under wake.
bijaje (Ful.), Ficus sp. nr. F. populifolia, Vahl. (Urticaceæ); a fig-tree with pale bark and drooping branches, found on rocky hills in Yola province, &c., said to be an ingredient in arrow-poison.
bi ni da zugu, or chi ni da zugu, Jatropha Curcas, L. (Euphorbiaceæ). “Purging Nut;” “Physic Nut,” &c. A soft-wooded shrub with broad leaves, commonly planted as a hedge; one of the less important oil-seeds; seeds used in native medicine (vide kufi). (Etym. from the purging property and the suggested necessity of being prepared with grave-cloth).
bi ni zwei zwei (bi ta zei zei); a native medicine used by youths as a love-charm, &c., hard shining seeds of a plant—Nat. Ord. Acanthaceæ. (Etym. haste or eagerness in following the object of desire.)
bishiya, pl. bishiyoyi, generic for tree.
bi ta ka tsira, Vangueria Dalzielii, Hutch. (Rubiaceae); a shrub with globular berries; used medicinally. (The name is probably applied to several plants supposed to act as antidotes to arrow-poison—makarin dafi, q.v.).
biya rana or bi rana, Crotalaria obovata, Don. (Leguminosæ); a yellow-flowered undershrub with inflated pods. (Etym. similar to “heliotrope,” from the expanding of the leaf-surfaces towards the sun). b. awaki, or geḍar awaki, gujiyar awaki, hudar awaki, are names given to various species of Crotalaria, used as fodder; vide geḍar awaki.
bogo zage (Zanfara), Swartzia madagascariensis, Oliv. and other species (Leguminosæ); a tree with long cylindrical pods used to stupefy fish. vide ago. Syn. gwazkiya, and cf. gamma faḍa, and bayama.
bubuchi (Sok.), Panicum interruptum, Willd. (Gramineæ); a grass of marshes and rivers, 2 or more feet high, with long narrow green flowering spike.
bubukuwa or sabko bubukuwa, Tripogon minimus, Hochst. a small tufted grass. (Etym. from its habitat where the pelican is supposed to alight, and supposed to be the earliest grass of spring).
buḍa yau, the same as ayana or yakuwar fatake, q.v. and perhaps other plants with acid leaves which are used to relieve thirst; (yau = saliva).
buddari, Eragrostis major, Hochst. (Gramineæ); a grass about 1 to 2 feet high, with an unpleasant smell. Syn. amai mussa, q.v. and bunsurun fadama. (Etym. buddari, a malodorous animal).
bugundare (a corruption of Ba-Gwandare), a var. of cotton and a var. of Guinea Corn.
bundin kurege, vide wutsiyar kurege.
bununi, the exserted stamens of any grass; most commonly applied to gero and dawa.
bunsuru, a synonym for burtuntuna, q.v.
bunsurun daji, a name applied to more than one species of rough grass, e.g. Heteropogon contortus, R. and S. (“Wild oats”), and others.
buran jaki, vide under gwazar giwa.
buran kare, vide under ḳwododon kwaḍo. (The name is also used for certain fungi).
buran zaki, Cucumis metuliferus, E. Hey. (Cucurbitaceæ). Syn. nonon kura, q.v.
burburwa (Sok., &c.), Eragrostis tremula, Hochst. (Gramineæ); a wild grass about 2 feet high; an excellent fodder; seeds eaten in scarcity. Syn. komaya (Kano, &c.). burburwar fadama, komaya ta fadama, Eragrostis biformis, Kunth. and perhaps other species; grasses 2 to 4 feet high in meadows, &c. vide also under tsintsiya.
burtuntuna, Ustilago sp. a smut fungus which affects the fruiting dawa, forming a black powder; also called bunsuru.
burugu (Sok.), Panicum stagninum, Koen. (Gramineæ); a grass whose growth chokes up swampy streams; a good fodder; the soft juicy stems are sucked or made into sugar-water.
burungu, unhusked rice. Syn. shanshera; vide under shinkafa.
ḅurzu, Vernonia Perottetii, Sch. Bip. (Compositæ); a weed of cultivated fields, with blue thistle-like flowers. ḅurzun ḍinya = the stone of the fruit of ḍinya, q.v.
bushi (Sok.), Bergia suffruticosa, Fenzl. (Elatineæ); a low heath-like plant, used medicinally. Syn. babar giwa (Hadeija, &c.).
buta, one of the varieties of the “Bottle-gourd;” vide under duma.
bututu, the narrow end of some forms of the “Bottle-gourd” used as a blowing-horn; vide under duma.